95 resultados para Lipase EC 3.1.1.3


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围绕论文题目“电化学SPR生物传感器的研究及应用”,我们将SPR传感金膜同时用作电化学研究的界面,在自行组建的电化学SPR (EC-SPR)池中进行了相关的EC-SPR研究。 本论文研究工作的主要内容包括以下几个方面: 1. 发展了一种电化学薄化控制SPR金膜厚度,优化SPR信号的方法。这种方法主要是利用在较高电位下金与氯离子发生络合反应使SPR金膜表面的金部分溶解进入溶液从而达到薄化金基底的目的。通过调节溶液中氯离子的浓度和电化学扫描的次数,可以现场调控SPR基底的金膜厚度。我们用这种处理过的金膜进行了生物分子的吸附试验,结果证明了这种处理过的金膜适用于一般的SPR分析。 2. 采用湿化学镀膜法结合光刻法制备SPR金膜微阵列,拟将用于SPR成像分析。这种方法属于湿化学法制备SPR金膜微阵列,主要是在胶体金纳米粒子的自组装膜上刻蚀出金纳米粒子的微阵列,然后用湿化学法生长出合适的金微阵列。这种方法对制备条件要求比较简单,在制备纳米金微阵列的过程中腐蚀时间比较好控制,同时催化生长出新的金面。重复试验证实了这种方法能够制备出稳定的,尺寸可控的金微阵列,有望用于SPR成像系统研究生物分子相互作用。 3. 在SPR金膜表面利用电沉积法制备了超薄的壳聚糖薄膜,并将之应用于生物分子相互作用的研究。通过一步电沉积的方法制备了超薄的壳聚糖修饰的SPR金基片,并研究了几种常见蛋白与壳聚糖薄膜的非特异性作用,进一步用鼠IgG和抗鼠IgG作为一个典型的例子研究了壳聚糖修饰膜的生物相容性。试验表明壳聚糖修饰膜有好的生物相容性。 4. 首次提出利用生物催化沉积金属纳米粒子放大SPR信号测定小分子的方法。生物小分子抗坏血酸能够还原银离子,使其在金纳米表面沉积形成金属银原子。银原子的沉积将会极大地增强SPR信号,从而实现SPR光谱对小分子抗坏血酸浓度的放大测定。每次测定后,通过电化学剥脱Ag原子,SPR芯片的表面能够完全再生。同时,剥脱的银原子的量也能够被电化学测定,这也实现了抗坏血酸的间接电化学测定。 5. 结合电化学和SPR技术表征了DNA/Zr4+多层膜在金膜表面的生长过程,并研究了这种多层膜与细胞色素c的相互作用。SPR技术被用于测定 (DNA/ Zr4+)1双层中DNA单层的有效膜厚,及其表面覆盖率。利用红外反射光谱和X-射线光电子能谱表征这种多层膜的组成。通过EC-SPR方法,这种多层膜和细胞色素c的相互作用被进一步分析。结果表明这种多层膜不仅增强了细胞色素c的固定量,而且保持了细胞色素c的生物活性。 6. 利用EC-SPR技术测定了聚苯胺支撑的双层磷脂膜中的酶促反应。通过泡囊融合法在聚苯胺表面形成HRP掺杂的磷脂双层膜。这种磷脂双层膜能够很好的保存膜内的辣根过氧化酶(HRP)的活性,同时,这种膜允许质子的跨膜传输,能够提供聚苯胺和HRP在双氧水存在下反应所需的质子,实现酶促开关控制聚苯胺氧化还原态的变化,通过SPR检测这种聚苯胺膜的氧化还原态的变化,从而达到利用SPR测定酶底物小分子的目的。 7. 开展了适配子(aptamer)的EC-SPR研究。利用亚甲基兰为外在电化学探针分子,我们设计了一种简单的、可再生的电化学方法测定小分子腺苷。结果表明这种方法对腺苷的检测具有较高的灵敏性和选择性。这种设计思路有望进一步用于构建一个可再生的SPR传感器平台,用于研究适配子与蛋白质相互作用。

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围绕论文题目“纳米结构界面组装及电化学SPR研究”,我们将SPR与电化学技术有机的结合起来,建立了电化学SPR(EC-SPR)技术,开展了相关的EC-SPR研究工作。同时,在一些特殊纳米结构的界面组装方面进行了创新研究。本论文研究工作的主要内容和创新点表现在以下几个方面:1.首次成功地将纳米粒子自组装膜模板与化学镀金技术相结合成功地用于湿化学法制备SPR响应基片,攻克国际上仅用物理法制备SPR镀金片的局限和困难,为SPR技术的进一步普及奠定了一定的基础。2.此外,还成功地将纳米粒子自组装膜模板与化学镀金技术相结合,制备了Au(III)单晶纳米岛阵列薄膜及电极。3.在国内率先将电化学和表面等离子体共振(SPR)光谱技术相结合,构建了EC-SPR仪器操作系统;并将此技术用于现场原位表征和研究导电聚合物薄膜和生物大分子(DNA和电活性蛋白质分子)纳米结构组装体的光电特性。4. 首次合成并报道了纳米粒子模板法制备中空的银/金表面钉状双金属纳米粒子,及其在水和空气界面受扩散受限聚集控制的二维介观分形聚集。丰富和拓展了纳米粒子二维分形聚集的研究。5.将欠电位沉积电化学方法拓展用于表面微加工。实验结果表明,对化学镀制备的多晶金SPR响应基片进行连续的银欠电位沉积与溶出电化学处理,不仅可以改善金膜表面的粗糙度,还能对表面的原子进行结构重排,使其具有An(III)的电化学响应特征;SPR信号对SPR响应金膜表面的原子排列非常灵敏。6.将欠电位沉积电化学法用于新颖的纳米催化剂设计,首次制备了铂原子单层沉积的纳米金单层膜并成功地用于4电子氧催化还原反应。大基于纳米受限环境下水的特殊性质(不挥发性)的启示,成功地进行了DDAB表面活性剂泡囊和环状多金属氧酸盐(POM)纳米簇的仿生超分子模板界面静电组装。

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围绕论文题目“电化学SPR研究及形貌可控的纳米结构合成”,我们将SPR传感膜同时用作电化学研究的界面,开展了相关的EC-SPR研究工作。同时,在一些可控纳米结构的合成与表征方面进行了创新研究。 本论文研究工作的主要内容和创新点表现在以下几个方面:1.生物分子模板生长法为构建具有特定功能的新颖材料提供了新的途径。报道了一种基于固定的DNA为模板通过电化学途径合成DNA-聚苯胺复合物的方法。在这种条件下,目标生物分子能保持其天然结构和生物活性,能用于构建功能多样性的导电聚合物结构。2.首次用溶液中溶解氧现场原位还原产生的活性氧中间体作氧化剂,在蒸镀的金膜电极上阴极极化合成聚苯胺(PANI)。聚苯胺膜的厚度可很容易地在分子水平的尺度上控制,其表面形貌对金膜表面层原子的结晶取向非常敏感。在多晶金电极上可得到岛型的纳米结构,而在单晶Au(111)电极上则聚合得到超薄膜。3.在金电极表面电化学聚合形成的导电聚合物聚吡咯(PPy)膜被用作双层磷脂 膜(BLMs)的新的支撑体。PPy膜支撑的双层脂膜的形成依赖于所用脂分子的化学结构,在一定程度上PPy膜支撑的双层脂膜类似于传统的双层脂膜结构,在脂膜结构的内外两侧保持着水介质环境。PPy膜支撑的双层磷脂膜可很方便地用于仿生膜研究。4.采用光刻法构建SPR阵列传感器的金膜点阵列,拟将来用于SPR成像分析。把正型光刻胶旋涂于SPR金片表面,紫外光通过自制掩模曝光后,用碱液显 影。然后采用选择性化学刻蚀暴露出的金膜,最后用剥离液去掉未曝光的光 胶层,从而构建所需的金膜点阵列,点的大小和间距可方便地由掩模来控制。用壳聚糖为例进行了金膜点阵列的表面修饰与组装。点阵列间的玻璃表面能 抑制亲水性和疏水性分子的吸附,这在SPR成像分析及高通量筛选方面将非常有用。5.在生物学上,生物大分子或有机体通常能调节及控制生物/无机杂化材料和晶 体的形貌及组装,这个过程被称为生物矿化。我们报导了基于生物小分子,L一氨基酸的金纳米结构的生物合成。在没有表面活性剂及硬模板存在下,天冬氨酸能直接还原氯金酸生成大量的厚度小于30nm的金纳米盘,该纳米盘为单晶结构,主要晶面为{111},特征形貌为平均边长为590nm的对称六角形以及平均边长为840nm的去顶角三角形纳米晶体。6.苯胺及其衍生物作为模型化合物被用于有意图地构建金属纳米材料。苯胺还原氯金酸生成金核直径38nm壳gnm的核/壳结构的球形纳米粒子,3-氨基苯甲酸(3-ABA)调制生成厚度为20nm边长为105nm的形状规则的金纳米片,4一氨基苯甲酸(4-ABA)指导生成直径为18nm长度为微米级的纳米线结构,2一氨基苯磺酸(2-ABS)能调节生成直径为13.7nln长度可达几十微米的“之”字形的金纳米线,而1-(4-氨基苯基)乙二胺-N,N,N',N'-四乙酸(4-ABEDTA)能还原氯金酸并相应控制生成结构完好由平均直径为19nm的金球形纳米粒子连接的线结构并进一步组织成纳米分形网络结构,表明苯胺环上取代基的种类和位置对金属纳米结构形貌的调节有直接影响。

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土壤微生物(Soil microbes)是生态系统的重要组成部分,它参与土壤中复杂有机物质的分解和再合成,也参与C、N、S、P等的循环。土壤酶(Soil enzyme)是土壤中具有生物活性的蛋白质,它与微生物一起推动着土壤的生物化学过程,并在树木营养物质的转化中起着重要的作用。鉴于土壤微生物和土壤酶对环境变化的敏感性,它们在CO2浓度和温度升高时的反应将在很大程度上影响森林生态系统的结构和功能。因此,要全面评价大气CO2浓度和温度升高对整个生态系统的影响,有必要对CO2浓度和温度升高条件下的土壤微生物的反应进行深入的研究与探讨。本文应用自控、封闭、独立的生长室系统,研究了川西亚高山岷江冷杉(Abies faxoniana)根际、非根际土壤微生物数量,红桦(Betula albosinensis)根际微生物数量以及根际、非根际土壤酶活性对大气CO2浓度(环境CO2浓度+350±25μmol·mol-1,EC)和温度(环境温度+2.0±0.5℃,ET)升高及两者同时升高(ECT)的响应。结果表明: 1) EC和ET显著增加岷江冷杉根际微生物数量,但不同微生物种类对EC和ET的反应有所差异。6、8和10月,岷江冷杉根际微生物数量与对照(CK)相比,EC处理的根际细菌数量分别增加了35%、164%和312%,ET处理增加了30%、115%和209%;EC和ET处理对根际放线菌和根际真菌数量影响不显著。ECT处理的根际放线菌数量分别增加了49%、50%和96%,根际真菌数量增加了151%、57%和48%;而ECT对根际细菌数量影响不显著。EC、ET和ECT处理对岷江冷杉土壤微生物总数的根际效应明显,其R/S值分别为1.93、1.37和1.46(CK的R/S值为0.81)。 2) 红桦根际微生物数量对EC、ET和ECT的响应不同。生长季节(5~10月),高密度的红桦根际细菌数量与CK 相比,EC的根际细菌数量分别增加28%、33%、423%、65%、43%和79%,而低密度的红桦根际细菌数量增加不显著。ET能显著增加根际细菌数量(7~10月),其中高密度的根际细菌数量分别增加了377%、107%、35%、22%,而低密度的根际细菌数量分别增加了27%、27%、64%、48%;ECT对两个密度水平下根际细菌数量均未产生有显著的影响。高、低密度的红桦根际放线菌和根际真菌数量与 CK 相比,EC显著增加了低密度的红桦根际放线菌数量,而对高密度的根际放线菌数量无显著影响;ET和ECT对高低密度的红桦根际放线菌数量均未产生显著影响。EC和ET对高低密度的根际真菌数量也无显著影响,而ECT却显著增加了高低密度的根际真菌数量。 3) EC、ET和ECT处理的低密度红桦根际微生物(细菌、放线菌和真菌)数量没有显著高于或低于高密度根际微生物数量,表明短期内密度对红桦根际微生物数量不产生影响。 4) 不同种类的氧化还原酶对EC、ET和ECT的响应不同。5~10月,EC的红桦根际过氧化氢酶活性是CK 的1.44、1.06、1.11、1.10、1.12和1.24倍,差异显著(6月除外);ET和ECT处理根际过氧化氢酶活性无显著增加。EC的红桦根际多酚氧化酶活性比CK显著增加;ET的根际多酚氧化酶活性显著高于CK(8月除外)。ECT的根际多酚氧化酶活性高于CK,差异不显著。EC的根际脱氢酶活性分别增加了46%、40%、133%、48%、17%和26%,差异显著。5~7月,ET和ECT的根际脱氢酶活性高于CK的脱氢酶活性,而8~9月则相反,差异性均不显著。 5) EC、ET和ECT对不同种类的水解酶的影响不同。EC能显著增加红桦根际脲酶活性,5~10月分别增加了29%、42%,、70%、67%、59%和57%。ET和ECT 对根际脲酶活性未产生显著影响。EC显著提高根际转化酶活性,5、6和9月EC的根际转化酶活性分别比CK高51%、42%和40%。5和10月,ET的根际转化酶活性低于CK,而其余月份却高于CK,但均具有显著性差异。ECT的根际转化酶活性与CK的根际转化酶活性有显著性差异(9月除外),5、6和7月的根际转化酶活性分别提高了94%、198%和67%。 6) 与CK相比,EC、ET和ECT的非根际土壤微生物数量以及非根际土壤酶活性均无显著提高。EC、ET和ECT的过氧化氢酶、脲酶的根际效应明显,而多酚氧化酶和脱氢酶根际效应不明显。ECECT的转化酶根际效应明显,而ET的转化酶根际效应不明显。 It is well known that atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature are increasing as a consequence of human activities. In past decades, considerable efforts had been put into investigating the effects of climate change on processes of forest ecological system. In general, studies had been mainly focused on the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on plant physiology and development, litter quality, and soil microorganisms. Studies showed that there was variation in the responses of root development and below-ground processes to climate between different plant communities. Since the concentration of CO2 in soil was much higher (10~50 times) than in the atmosphere, increasing levels of atmospheric CO2 may not directly in fluence below ground processes. Betula albosinensis and Abies faxoniana, as the dominated tree species of subalpine dark coniferous forest in the western Sichuan province, which play an important role in the structure and function of this kind of forest ecosystem. In our study, effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (350±25μmol·mol-1), increased temperature (2.0±0.5℃) and both of the two on the number of rhizospheric microbe and rhizospheric enzyme activity were studied by the independent and enclosed-top chamber’ system under high-frigid conditions. Responses of rhizospheric bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi number of Betula albosinensis and Abies faxoniana under different densities(high density with 84 stems·m-2, low density with 28 stems·m-2 ), and rhizospheric enzyme activity of Betula albo-sinensis to elevated CO2 concentration and increased temperature were analyzed and discussed. The results are as the following, 1) In comparion with the control, the numbers of rhizospheric bacteria of Abies faxoniana were increased by 35%, 164% and 312% significantly in June, August and October respectively of EC, and were increased by 30%, 115% and 209% respectively of ET.However the effect of EC and ET on rhizospheric actinomycetes and fungi was not significant. The number of rhizospheric actinomycetes of ECT were increased significantly by 49%, 50% and 96% respectively, and the increment of rhizospheric fungi were 151%, 57% and 48% respectively .The effect of ECT on rhizospheric bacteria was not significant. Rhizospheric effect of soil microbe for all treatments was significant, with the R/S of 1.93, 1.27 and 1.46 for EC, ET and ECT, respectively. 2) Treatment EC improved the number of rhizospheric bacteria of Betula albosinensis under high density significantly in comparison with the control, over the growing season, the greatest increment of rhizospheric bacteria was from July. However, EC had no effect on the number of rhizospheric bacteria under low density. Except May and June, treatment ET improved the number of rhizospheric signifcantly. The effect of treatment ECT on the number of rhizospheric bacteria under different densities was not significant. Of treatment EC, the number of rhizospheric actinomycetes of Betula albosinensis under low density were increased significantly, however, treatment EC did not stimulate the number of rhizospheric actinomycetes under high density. Simultaneously, treatment ET and ECT did not stimulate the number of rhizospheric actinomycetes. Finally, in treatment ECT, the number of rhizospheric fungi under high density were increased significantly, however treatment EC and ET did not stimulate the number of rhizospheric fungi under different densities. 3) Of treatment EC, ET and ECT, the number of rhizospheric microbe of Betula albosinensis under low density were not more or fewer than that of microbe under hign density along the growing season, which showed that plant density had no effect on the nmber of microbe. 4) From May to October, 2004,rhizospheric catalase activity of Betula albosinensis of treatment EC was 1.44, 1.06, 1.11, 1.10, 1.12 and 1.24 times as treatment CK respectively, and the difference was statistically significant(except June). Treatment ET and ECT did not increase rhizospheric catalase activity significantly. In treatment EC, the rhizospheric pohyphenol oxidase activity was higher than treatment CK significantly. The rhizospheric pohyphenol oxidase activity of treatment ET was higher than CK significantly (except August). The rhizospheric pohyphenol oxidase activity of treatment ECT was higher than CK, but the difference was not statistically significant. Over the growing period, the rhizospheric dehydrogenase activity were increased 46%, 40%, 133%, 48%, 17% and 26% respectively by treatment EC, and the difference was statistically significant. From May to July, the rhizospheric dehydrogenase activity in treatment ET and ECT was higher than CK, but from August to October, the rhizospheric dehydrogenase activity was lower than CK, the difference was not significant. 5) Treatment EC increased rhizospheric urease activity significantly, from May to October, rhizospheric urease activity were increased 29%, 42%, 70%, 67%, 59% and 57% respectively by EC. Treatment ET and ECT had no effect on rhizospheric urease activity. Treatment EC improved rhizospheric invertase activity significantly, in May, June and September, the rhizospheric invertase activity of treatment EC were increased 51%, 42% and 40% in comparison with the control. Except May and October, the rhizospheric invertase activity of treatment ET was markly higher than CK. The rhizospheric invertase activity of treatment ECT was significantly different from CK (except September), in May, June and July treatment ECT increased rhizospheric invertase activity by 94%, 198% and 67% respectively. 6) In comparison with the control, treatment EC, ET, and ECT had no effect on the number of non-rhizospheric microbe and non-rhizospheric enzyme activity. Rhizospheric effect of catalase and urease for all treatments was significant, but rhizospheric effect of pohyphenol oxidase and dehydrogenase was not significant. Rhizospheric effect of invertase of EC and ECT was significant, but rhizospheric effect of invertase of ET was not significant.

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20 0 4年曾报道过利用4 0 Ca + 92 Mo融合蒸发反应产生了近质子滴线新核素12 9Pm ,并首次观测到它 (EC + β+)衰变产生的能量为 99keV的γ射线 .为了进一步确认上述指认 ,以下提供了三方面的新证据 :1)在 16 4— 190MeV能量范围内测量了 99keV衰变γ射线的激发函数 ;2 )进行了交叉反应36 Ar + 96 Ru的实验 ,观察到了相同的 99keV衰变γ射线 ;3)用Woods SaxonStrutinsky方法计算了12 9Pm的核势能面 ,其基态自旋宇称被预言为 5 / 2 - ,所以12 9Pm的 (EC + β+)衰变有利于馈送到子核12 9Nd的 5 / 2 - 的低位态 ,这也与前期报道相符 .

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A new method for prolidase (PLD, EC 3.4.13.9) activity assay was developed based on the determination of proline produced from enzymatic reaction through capillary electrophoresis (CE) with tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(11) [Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)] electrochemiluminescence detection (ECL). A detection limit of 12.2 fmol (S/N = 3) for proline, corresponding to 1.22 x 10(-8) units of prolidase catalyzing for 1 min was achieved. PLD activity determined by CE-ECL method was in agreement with that obtained from the classical Chinard's one. CE-ECL showed its powerful resolving ability and selectivity as no sample pretreatmentwas needed and no interference existed. The clinical utility of this method was successfully demonstrated by its application to assay PLD activity in the serum of diabetic patients in order to evaluate collagen degradation in diabetes mellitus (DM). The results indicated that enhanced collagen degradation occurred in DM.

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小麦旗叶的光合产物是其籽粒碳水化合物的主要来源,因此如何提高旗叶的光合能力从而提高小麦产量一直是小麦研究的热点。但是以往对高产小麦旗叶的研究主要集中在光合功能和生理生化指标等方面,很少涉及其结构与功能的联系,以及对亲本与子代的旗叶进行对比观察。本文以冬小麦亲本小偃54 、8602及其子代小偃81(高产品种)灌浆期的旗叶为材料,应用细胞离析法、组织切片和荧光显微技术等,对旗叶中叶肉细胞形态、叶绿体数目、叶片厚度、维管束数目和面积等进行了比较观察和测定,旨在探讨小麦旗叶结构与其光合效率的关系。研究结果表明,与亲本小偃54、8602相比,子代小偃81的叶片较厚,横切面内中央大维管束的周长与面积较大;高环数叶肉细胞所占比例、叶肉细胞的周长及其平面面积和细胞内叶绿体的数目等均大于亲本。由此可见,通过小麦品种的改良确实能使其旗叶的结构与光合细胞发生了明显的变化,从而为植物细胞结构和功能的密切关系提供了有力的证据;同时也为作物改良育种提供了又一种新的育种目标。   小麦非叶器官之一的芒,对其结构与光合特性关系的研究尚不够深入和广泛。本实验以具芒小麦高产耐旱品种京411籽粒不同发育时期的芒及旗叶为材料,对其叶绿体结构、放氧速率和磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEPCase EC 4.1.1.31)的活性进行了比较观察和测定。超微结构显示,从抽穗期开始,芒和旗叶中的叶绿体基粒及其垛叠度均有增加,之后由灌浆末期开始,叶绿体的膜系统开始逐渐解体。通过放氧速率的测定表明,在芒和旗叶中,光合速率在前几个时期呈上升趋势,随着器官的衰老逐渐下降,但是,旗叶放氧速率的下降比芒中更早。另外,芒的PEPCase活性在籽粒发育的整个过程中均高于旗叶,其中以籽粒干物质形成末期尤为显著。因此,芒对高产小麦籽粒的形成,特别是在干物质形成的后期起着更为重要的作用。   

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二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶/氧化酶(简称Rubisco, EC, 4.1.1.39)是绿色植物光合作用中参与固定CO2的关键酶。在高等植物,该酶是由8个分子量为55KD的大亚基(LSU)和8个分子量为14KD的小亚基(SSU)构成的16聚体。每个大亚基有四个活性中心,具有双向催化功能,其编码基因位于叶绿体基因组大单拷贝区;小亚基功能还不清楚,它由核基因组编码且有几个拷贝;未成熟小亚基N端有一段transit peptide,靠它的定向跨越叶绿体膜。迄今为止,取自几种植物材料的这二种亚基的氨基酸顺序和编码基因的核苷酸顺序分析业已完成。为该酶的遗传操作奠定了必要的基础。 由于Rubisco与人类利用太阳能和提高作物产量直接相关,所以成为通过生物技术进行改造的重大项目。 巢状假囊细菌(Anacyslis nidulans) R2是一种不含限制性内切酶的单细胞原核生物,能营光合作用,其Rubisco大亚基的氨基酸顺序与玉米的LSU同源性高达80%,但是第四个活性部位(Leu 456位)与玉米不同(Sys, 459位),由此导致其对CO2的亲合力降低。另一方面,其rbcL与rbcS仅相隔93个bp,且同属一个操纵子。这意味着有可能用同源DNA片段等位交换的办法来改造其rbcL基因。 根据现有的资料,设计出玉米rbcL与兰藻rbcS定向重组于pUC119的兰图:先从pANP1155中切出0.7kb含蓝藻rbcS的PstI-HindIII片段,克隆进pUC119的lacZ启动子下游得pTAS28,采用Reverse primer作引物进行核苷酸顺序分析,确认蓝藻rbcS基因座落在pTAS28正链上。随后从pZmc460中切出包含玉米rbcL基因1.7kb的BglII-HincII片段,将它插入pTAS28的HincⅡ-BamHⅠ双酶切位点,得到pTMN3;为了比较,在另一个质粒pTMN7于1.7kb片段之前加进0.1kb的PstI-HaeIII蓝藻DNA。根据玉米rbcL基因核苷酸顺序(1218-1251)合成一个Oligonucleotide probe,对这三个质粒的总RNA抽提物进行Northern Blot,得到明显的杂交斑点;接着用菌体总蛋白冻干品进行了Western分析,并以新鲜的玉米和烟草叶片为对照,得到阳性结果。显然这二种基因重组之后仍能在宿主E. coli中正常表达。 真正的挑战应是下一步用上述二种质粒转化兰藻A. nidulans R2,考查其能否整合进基因组并表现出较低的氧化酶活性。

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Capillary electrophoresis (CE) with electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection was used to explore the kinetics ofthe enzymatic reaction. The different effects ofreaction conditions including the concentration of Mn2l, incubation temperature and pH on PFOlidase (PLD, EC 3.4.13.9) activity in erythrocyte lysates against three different substrates, Gly-Pro, Val-Pro and Leu-Pro were investigated. Also, the effects of colchicine which can prevent or delay cancer ofliver on the PLD activity were studied.

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用 DSC,TGA,WAXD和 SEM研究了溶液浇注制备马来酸酐封端的聚亚丙基碳酸酯 /乙基纤维素共混物 (MAPPC/EC)的相容性、热稳定性、聚集态结构和形态。共混物存在单一玻璃化温度揭示 MAPPC和EC在非晶区相容。富 EC共混物的固相 -液晶相转变温度和液晶相 -各向同性态转变温度和转变焓均随 EC含量增加而增加。在 MAPPC中混入 EC,热分解温度提高 ,特别是质量比为 90∶ 1 0的 MAPPC/EC共混物热分解温度增加在富 MAPPC共混物中最明显。在胆甾型液晶 EC中混入 MAPPC,EC的 2个峰向大 Bragg角方向移动 ,使介晶相聚合物层间距及链间距变小 ;结晶相微晶尺寸增大 ,非晶相尺寸减小 ,共混物堆砌更紧密。

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Lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) is an intriguing candidate for applications in many electronic devices such as multi-layer capacitors, electro-mechanical transducers etc. because of its high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss and high strain near the Curie temperature. As an extension of our previous work on Ta-doped PMNT-PT aimed at optimizing the performance and reducing the cost, this paper focuses on the effect of Pb volatilization on the dielectric properties of 0.77Pb(Mg1/3(Nb0.9Ta0.1)2/3)O3-0.23PbTiO3. The dielectric constant and loss of the samples are measured at different frequencies and different temperatures. The phase purity of this compound is determined by X-ray diffraction pattern. It is found that the volatilization during sintering does influence the phase formation and dielectric properties. The best condition is sintering with 0.5 g extra PbO around a 4 g PMNT-PT sample.

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本文研究了以PMBP-苯萃取稀土和钍、铀、钛、锆的萃取行为。测定了La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Gd、Dy、Yb、Y、U(Ⅵ)、Ti、Th和Zr的pH_(1/2)值,计算了它们的萃取平衡常数。并介绍了近十年来作者将此萃取剂应用于铀、钍、稀土、鋰、钢铁合金及岩石中痕量稀土、钍和钙的分离和测定方面的工作。实践证明,PMOP合成简便、价格低廉、萃取能力较强,是比TTA更为优越的萃取剂。

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用共沉淀法合成LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2正极材料。采用谢乐公式计算LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2晶粒大小,与观察的SEM晶粒结果进行比较。结果发现,计算得到的LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2II每个晶面的晶粒尺寸比LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2I相应晶面的晶粒尺寸大,随温度升高LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2平均晶粒度增大,和观察到的SEM晶粒大小基本一致。