热浸铝钢等离子体电解氧化陶瓷层的微观力学特性

采用纳米压入方法表征了热浸镀铝钢表面由Al_2O_3层、Al层和FeAl层组成的复合涂层的纳米硬度、弹性模量及断裂韧性等微观力学性能,采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了纳米压痕形貌,并分析了孔洞对陶瓷层的纳米压入行为和压痕裂纹扩展的影响.结果表明:等离子体电解氧化(PEO)陶瓷层中包含许多微米和亚微米尺度的细小孔洞,陶瓷层弹性模量约为226.4 GPa,纳米硬度约为19.6 GPa.当纳米压入深度为250 nm时,所测得陶瓷层的力学参数分散性较大.与FeAl层比较,PEO陶瓷层具有较高的裂纹扩展阻力.FeAl层纳米压痕顶端产生了沿直线扩展的径向裂纹;而陶瓷层纳米压痕中除径向裂纹外出现了侧边裂纹.

An anisotropic elastic-plastic constitutive model for single and polycrystalline metals. II—Experiments and predictions concerning thin-walled tubular OFHC copper

Predictions based on an anisotropic elastic-plastic constitutive model proposed in the first part of this paper are compared with the experimental stress and strain data on OHFC copper under first torsion to about 13% and partial unloading, and then tension-torsion to about 10% along eight different loading paths. This paper also describes the deformation and stress of the thin-walled tubular specimen under finite deformation, the numerical implementation of the model, and the detailed procedure for determining the material parameters in the model. Finally, the model is extended to a general representation of the multiple directors, and the elastic-viscoplastic extension of the constitutive model is considered.

二维Euler方程的非结构网格再生成自适应方法

给出了提高二维Euler方程定常解质量的非结构网格自适应方法和模拟结果。计算了无粘激波在固壁上的反射、NAC0012翼型跨声速绕流和马赫数为3的前台阶绕流，自适应效果较好。

解不可压缩流体力学问题的降阶法——Ⅱ.空间V~h的基函数和误差估计

本文对于一大类数值求解二维Navier-Stokes方程边值问题的有限元格式给出了零散度空间V~h的一组简单基函数,讨论了速度的数值误差对压力的数值解的影响,并提出一个改进算法。

塑性大变形问题的唯一性、稳定性和极值原理

本文从考虑几何非线性的塑性大变形基本方程出发,讨论了塑性大变形问题的唯一性、稳定性与极值原理。提出了确定边值问题的解的唯一性判别准则;分析了平衡状态稳定性的充分条件。最后讨论了边值问题与变分问题等价的充分条件。

简化Navier-Stokes方程组及其数学性质

本文对二绝简化Navier-stokes方程组作了定性分忻,作者认为当流动的切向速度分量u

等离子区射流发生器

<正> 随着噴气技术的发展,人們对上万度以上的高溫气流兴趣愈来愈大。一方面,空气动力学家和物理学家研究着在超高声速飞体表面的那层溫度在10,000°K以上的熾热气流中究竟发生了哪些物理的和化学的过程,以及这些过程对飞体的方影响;另一方面,冶金学家和工程师又在努力寻找耐高溫的合金材料,以防止飞体的焚毀、过热,并保持足够的刚度与强度。这些研究应該說多半是以实驗的方法来进行的。因此怎样能在实驗室內产生10,000°K以上的高溫源就成为一个迫切需要解决的問題。等离子区射流发生器应新问題的需要而作为一种新技术出现了。显然,任何新技术都不会局限和停留在原來所提

激光点热源作用下试件内部热传导的实验研究

通过红外热像仪测温装置,对有限厚度试件在激光点热源作用下热作用区侧面温度分布进行实时测量。结果表明:对于小厚度的试件,材料内部温度分布与用傅立叶定律得到的结果完全相反,材料内部的温度高于边界温度。对比短脉冲激光作用下产生非傅立叶效应的条件,它们之间有很大差异,由此提出将实验中出现的非常规现象定义为泛傅立叶效应,认为它是由于热量传播到边界时发生反射、叠加等波动行为所致。

热浸铝钢等离子体电解氧化陶瓷层的微观力学特性

采用纳米压入方法表征了热浸镀铝钢表面由Al2O3层、Al层和FeAl层组成的复合涂层的纳米硬度、弹性模量及断裂韧性等微观力学性能，采用扫描电镜（SEM）观察了纳米压痕形貌，并分析了孔洞对陶瓷层的纳米压入行为和压痕裂纹扩展的影响．结果表明：等离子体电解氧化（PEO）陶瓷层中包含许多微米和亚微米尺度的细小孔洞，陶瓷层弹性模量约为226．4 GPa，纳米硬度约为19．6 GPa．当纳米压入深度为250nm时，所测得陶瓷层的力学参数分散性较大．与FeAl层比较，PEO陶瓷层具有较高的裂纹扩展阻力．FeAl层纳米压痕顶端产生了沿直线扩展的径向裂纹；而陶瓷层纳米压痕中除径向裂纹外出现了侧边裂纹．

冲击载荷作用下容器壳体动态响应的初步数值研究

本文针对带椭球封头的爆炸容器,黑索今(RDX)在中心处的爆炸用点爆炸模型描述,利用四阶Runge-Kutta法求解一组常微分方程得到爆炸近场的自相似解。采用有限体积形式的PPM格式求解轴对称Euler方程,得到了容器内冲击波传播及其演化的图象。以计算得到的冲击载荷为基础,修改HONDO程序,壳体弹塑性模型采用J_2流动理论描述。对冲击波和壳体的耦合作用进行了初步的数值研究。计算结果表明:容器内爆炸冲击波和壳体中应力波的传播及其演化与物理上的定性分析结果是一致的。由于应力波传播速度较冲击波快,因此,在冲击波未到达的静止流场,流场出现扰动声波,并向中心传播。封头顶点附近出现最大变形。在中等载荷作用下,可忽略壳体变形对流场的影响。

Coherent population transfer with chirped few-cycle laser pulses in an excited-doublet four-level system

The behavior of population transfer in an excited-doublet four-level system driven by linear polarized few-cycle ultrashort laser pulses is investigated numerically. It is shown that almost complete population transfer can be achieved even when the adiabatic criterion is not fulfilled. Moreover, the robustness of this scheme in terms of the Rabi frequencies and chirp rates of the pulses is explored.

Measurement of thermal rise-time of a laser diode based on spectrally resolved waveforms

Thermal resistance and thermal rise-time are two basic parameters that affect most of the performances of a laser diode greatly. By measuring waveforms received after a spectroscope at wavelengths varied step-by-step, the spectrally resolved waveforms can be converted to calculate the thermal rise-time. Basic formulas for the spectrum variation of a laser diode and the measurement set-up by using a Boxcar are described in the paper. As an example, the thermal rise-time of a p-side up packaged short-pulse laser diode was measured by the method to be 390 mu s. The method will be useful in characterizing diode lasers and LID modules in high-power applications. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

光谱稳定性对直接探测多普勒测风激光雷达的影响研究

The wind error of the double-edge technique Doppler lidar due to the instability of injection-seeding solid laser and the drift of interferometer s spectrum was analyzed. Corresponding numerical simulation indicated that if the wind error of 1 m/s was achieved, the unsuccessful injection-seeding pulses should be less than 0.06% in integration time of 5 min. (30000 pulses). In the respect of spectrum drift of the interferometer, double temperature control systems were used and the accuracy of minus or plus 0.002°C was obtained, corresponding to the wind error of minus or plus 0.226 m/s. Monitoring of buildup time of the injection-seeding laser and temperature of the interferometer was significantly to improve the invertion accuracy of wind error by rejecting the data with frequency jumping and drifting. Researches of injection-seeding and spectrum stability of the interferometer were practical for the development of double-edge wind lidar.}

Modelling analysis of influence of substrate surface defect on optical characteristics of single-layer coating

A simple and practical model is used to analyse the influence of substrate surface defect on the optical characteristics of a single-layer coating. A single-layer coating is prepared and its optical properties are fitted. Some explanations for the origin of the transition layer are presented. It is concluded that there is a transition layer forming between the substrate and coating, which is attributed to substrate surface defects, and its refractive index change is nearly of linearity.