91 resultados para 496 Langues africaines


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根据流动稳定性理论,将不稳定波的一个周期作为相干结构的初值,采用直接数值模拟方法对有压力梯度湍流边界层中相干结构的演化进行了研究,得出其各种特性的变化与实验凤测到的结果一致。

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本文采用十五阶 Stokes 波的 Pade 逼近,获得了与实验较为一致的流场,并且利用已有的破碎波的速度、加速度场,计算了非线性波和破碎波对各种杆件作用力,比较了它们的主要特征,为海洋工程设计提供依据。

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本文研究爆炸处理时裂纹在应力波作用下的动态扩展行为,分别讨论了入射波、反射波和应力波持续时间的作用,并根据线弹性断裂力学复合型准则和动态断裂准则对裂纹的扩展进行了分析,作者建议用吸能块的办法控制爆炸处理时裂纹的扩展,并作了实验验证。

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总结和评述了近年来金属与合金变形局部化的形成、微结构演化与剪切断裂方面作者和相关的研究工作成果.材料包括低碳钢,SS304不锈钢,Fe-15%Ni-15%Cr单晶,Al-Li合金,α-Ti和Ti-6Al-4V,Al/SiCp复合材料等.综述内容主要包括:采用改进的Hopkinson扭杆装置,对剪切变形局部化形成、发展和演化过程进行了实验观察与数值模拟;采用"侧剖"与"对接"等定点方法制备电子显微镜薄膜试样,对剪切带内相变与再结晶、非晶转变、旋涡结构等动态变形现象,以及与宏观动态力学行为对应的位错胞的形成、发展和坍塌等微结构特征进行了观测;提出了应变和应变率同时作为剪切带形成的两个必要条件的直接实验证据;在剪切带内发现了α'-马氏体相变现象,以及相变产物与母体之间的晶体学关系;通过位错单滑移或交滑移等微观剪切最后发展成为宏观剪切的机制;对剪切带内再结晶结构的观测和对再结晶动力学本构关系的定量描述;对剪切带特别是"白色"腐蚀带(或相变带)的形成机制的分析和新的解释,指出"白色"是带内亚结构取向趋于一致,其在光学或扫描显微镜下很难辨认这些亚结构的取向差所致,并非表明剪切带内一定发生了相变;通过截断实验和实时跟踪观测发现,剪切带内微裂纹的萌生与聚合是材料承载能力骤然下降并导致最后断裂的主控因素.此外,本文对近年来在准静态和循环加载下材料的局部化形变与剪切断裂的实验结果予以简要评述,指出其微观机制与动态载荷下的截然不同,是由位错的平面滑移所控制的,与热效应无关的等温变形.

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The simulations of three-dimensional particle dynamics show that when irradiated by an ultrashort intense laser pulse, the deuterated methane cluster expands and the majority of deuterons overrun the more slowly expanding carbon ions, resulting in the creation of two separated subclusters. The enhanced deuteron kinetic energy and a narrow peak around the energy maximum in the deuteron energy distribution make a considerable contribution to the efficiency of nuclear fusion compared with the case of homonuclear deuterium clusters. With the intense laser irradiation, the nuclear fusion yield increases with the increase of the cluster size, so that deuterated heteronuclear clusters with larger sizes are required to achieve a greater neutron yield.

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提出了一种用于再生放大器中展宽光谱的双折射片的设计方法,利用这种方法设计了厚度为761微米的石英双折射片,并将其插入钛宝石再生放大器中,有效抑制了增益窄化效应,实验的结果和理论计算一致。使用设计的石英双折射片后光谱带宽由使用前的28nm展宽到了62nm,最后压缩脉冲为23fs。

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制备了镱铒共掺的磷酸盐玻璃并研究了室温下LD泵浦的连续激光输出性质。在泵浦功率为496mW时实现了最大输出功率77mW。讨论了在不同玻璃样品厚度和谐振腔长度时的斜率效率的变化以及在不同玻璃样品厚度,泵浦功率和谐振腔长度时的不同激光模式竞争的动力学行为。结果表明:激光光谱受到光学增益和光学损耗相对大小的限制。

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Optical properties were investigated of ZnO thin films grown oil (100) gamma-LiAlO2 (LAO) substrates by pulsed laser deposition method. C-axis oriented ZnO film was grown oil (100) LAO substrate at the substrate temperature of 550 degrees C. The transmittances of the films were over 85%. Peaks attributed to excitons were seen in the absorption spectra, indicating that the thin films have high crystallinity. Photoluminescence spectra were observed at room temperature; the peak at 550 urn is ascribed to oxygen vacancies in the ZnO films caused by the diffusion of Li from the substrate into the film during deposition. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Optical properties for ZnO thin films grown on (100) γ-LiAlO2 (LAO) substrate by pulsed laser deposition method were investigated. The c-axis oriented ZnO films were grown on (100) γ-LiAlO2 substrates at the substrate temperature of 550 Celsius degrees. The transmittance of the films was over 85%. Peaks attributed to excitons were shown in absorption spectra, which indicated that thin films had high crystallinity. Photoluminescence spectra with the maximum peak at 540 nm were observed at room temperature, which seemed to be ascribed to oxygen vacancy in the ZnO films caused by diffusion of Li from the substrates into the films during the deposition.

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采用温度梯度法生长出了透明的γ-LiAlO2单晶,将(200)面的铝酸锂晶片在空气中1100℃退火70h后表面生成了一层乳白色的缺Li相(LiAl5OR);然而同样条件下富Li气氛退火处理后,晶片表面变得更透明,而且保持γ-LiAlO2相.相应的晶片摇摆曲线的半高宽降至30arcsec,而空气中退火后却升高到了78arcsec.对比3种晶片的吸收光谱,可以判定:196nm的吸收峰可能来源于Li空位,736nm的吸收峰可能来源于O空位.

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用技术扩增中华鲜, , 线粒体控制区一时, 发现中华鳃天然群体内存在个体间和个体内的长度变异现象。测序表明, 长度 变异发生在仆靠近月刀的位置, 由长约碱基对的重复序列串联形成 的。由个体内长度变异造成的异质性个体比例为, 非异质性同质性个体的比 例为。非异质性个体间的的大小也不一样, 存在长度变异。在非异质性个体 中, 有、、、个串联重复序列形成的种分子类型的情况, 其重复序列出现的频率从高到低 的循序是一一一。在异质性个体中, 同一个体由种不同分子组合的异质体最普通, 占 。种不同分子组合的频率次之, 占。种不同分子组合的异质体比例最少, 占 。没有发现由种不同分子组合的异质体。对所有异质体混合分析表明, 各种类型的重 复序列出现的比例与非异质体的类似, 即分子大小含重复序列数从高到低的顺序为一 一一一。对尾中华鲜的个体内和个体间的遗传多样性指数分析发现, 有遗传变异 表现在群体内的个体间, 有的遗传变异表现在个体内。由长度异质性造成的个 体内的多样性是中华鲜物种遗传多样性的另一途径。