第十一届亚洲流体力学会议(11ACFM’2006)简介

<正>1会议概况由亚洲流体力学委员会(Asian Fluid Mechanics Com- mittee)主办,马来西亚工程师协会(The Institution of Engineers,Malaysia)承办的“第十一届亚洲流体力学会议’2006”(The Eleventh Asian Congress of Fluid Mechanics, 11ACFM’2006)于2006年5月22-25日在位于马来西亚首都吉隆坡市中心的Berjaya时代广场酒店会议中心(Ber- jaya Times Square Hotel&Convention Center)召开．会议的组织委员会由亚洲流体力学委员会和当地组委会组成．

用于吸力式基础离心机模拟的动力加载设备(英文)

吸力式桶形基础广泛地应用于海洋油气开发的海洋平台。在冬季,渤海冰排会对平台产生强烈的冲击,引起振动。本文介绍了一套用于土工离心机实验的动力加载设备,并介绍了该套设备在模拟吸力式桶形基础在受到等效动冰载作用下的响应的实验研究情况及实验结果。结果表明,当载荷幅值超过一个临界值时,地基上部会发生软化甚至液化。超孔隙水压从土体上部到下部,从桶形基础壁面到远处逐渐减小。在动载荷作用下,桶形基础和临近土体会发生大的沉降。桶形基础尺寸越小,动载荷响应越大。

The Droplet Group Micro-Explosions, Viscosity and Atomization Characteristics of W/O Emulsions

The spray of emulsified fuel, composed of diesel fuel, water and methanol can make micro-explosion under high temperature conditions, and the viscosity and the atomization characteristics of emulsion have significant effects on the micro- explosion of emulsions. To clarify the combustion mechanism of water-in-oil emulsion sprays, combustion bomb experiments were carried out, and the droplet group micro- explosions in W/O fuel emulsion sprays in a high-pressure, high-temperature bomb were observed clearly by a multi-pulsed, off-axis, image-plane ruby laser holocamera and continuously by a high-speed CCD camera.The viscosity and atomization characteristics of emulsions were also studied experimentally. The experimental results show that the higher concentration of the aqueous phase (water-methanol) (<50%) increases the viscosity of the emulsions, especially for higher agent concentration, and higher aqueous phase concentration and higher viscosity results in lager Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD). The experiment results also show that the different kinds of emulsifying agents, with different Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance (HLB) values, have significant influence on the viscosity of the emulsions.

直流电源远程控制器

本实用新型涉及一种基于８位单片机的电源远程控制器，在主控计算机的控制下，实现对高精度高稳定度直流稳流电源或稳压电源的远程控制和远程测试。一种直流电源远程控制器，包括有单片机（１），单片机（１）的地址总线（１０）连接地址译码器（３）和数据储存器（４），其特征是还包括有地址译码器（３）的译码输出端分别作为数据储存器（４）、数模转换电路（５）、模数转换电路（６）、状态量输入电路（７）和开关量输出电路（８）的选通地址；单片机（１）的８位数据总线（９）分别连接数据储存器（４）、数模转换电路（５）、模数转换电路（６）、状态量输入电路（７）、开关量输出电路（８）；单片机（１）的串行口与通信接口电路（２）连接。本实用新型实现了对高精度高稳定度直流稳流或稳压电源的远程分布控制。控制数据通信可靠，控制命令响应正确，具有良好的抗干扰能力；远控基准长期稳定度高。

高压大电流同轴无电感电阻箱

本实用新型主要涉及大电流电阻箱，尤其涉及高压大电流电阻箱的结构。一种高压大电流同轴无电感电阻箱，包括有电阻组（１５），外导电连接，内导电连接，外导电连接与内导电连接之间的绝缘体，油箱（１８），其主要特点是所述的电阻组（１５），外导电连接，内导电连接，外导电连接与内导电连接之间的绝缘体，油箱（１８）同轴线。本实用新型的优点是，结构合理，工艺简单，方便拆装。电阻箱整体根据电阻的外型结构和连接方式，设计了外导体，内导体及安装附件，与片式无感电阻构成一个同轴体。新颖的同轴结构，可以保障整体电路的同轴性，电气性能优良。整个结构十分紧凑、简洁，杂散电感和分布电容极小。油箱内的电阻、外导体、油箱壳体分别与同轴电缆的内导体、外导体、屏蔽层连接，因此油箱工作时，非常安全、可靠。

Garra rotundinasus, a new species of cyprinid fish (Pisces : Teleostei) from the upper Irrawaddy River basin, China

Garra rotundinasus, a new cyprinid species from the upper Irrawaddy River basin in Yunnan, China, is herein described. It shares with G. gravelyi the presence of a snout having a poorly developed proboscis represented by a truncate area in front of the nostrils, a character distinguishing both from all other Southeast Asian and Chinese congeners. The two species are distinct in coloration, morphometric and meristic characters. The sympatrically occurring G. tengchongensis is very similar to G. rotundinasus in possessing 36-37 perforated lateral line scales, 5 or 6 scales between the anus and anal-fin origin, and an anterior position of the anus (anus to anal distance 32.1-51.8% of pelvic to anal distance). Garra rotundinasus can be differentiated from G. tengehongensis in having a more slender caudal peduncle, a larger disc and no dark central band on the dorsal fin.

The status and causes of alien species invasion in China

Data of classification, origin, pathway and environmental impacts of invasive alien micro-organisms, invertebrates, amphibians and reptiles, fish, birds, mammals, weeds, trees, and marine organisms in terrestrial, aquatic and marine ecosystems of China, were analyzed, based on literature retrieval, field survey and consultation. Some 283 invasive alien species were recorded in China, including 19 invasive alien micro-organisms, 18 aquatic plants, 170 terrestrial plants, 25 aquatic invertebrates, 33 terrestrial invertebrates, 3 amphibians and reptiles, 10 fish, and 5 mammals. Of the invasive alien species, 55.1% originated from North and South America, 21.7% from Europe, 9.9% from Asia, 8.1% from Africa and 0.6% from Oceania. Many institutions and individuals in China lack adequate knowledge of ecological and environmental consequences caused by invasive alien species, with some ignorance of the dangerous invasion in the introduction of alien species. For instance, 50.0% of invasive alien plants were intentionally introduced as pasture, feedingstuff, ornamental plants, textile plants, medicinal plants, vegetables, or lawn plants, 25% of alien invasive animals were intentionally introduced for cultivation, ornament, or biological control, In addition, more efforts are being made in the introduction of alien species, and little attention is paid on the management of introduced alien species, which may cause their escape into natural environment and potential threats to the environment. There were also gaps in quarantine system in China. All microorganisms were unintentionally introduced, through timber, seedling, flowerpot, or soil; 76.3% of alien invasive animals invaded through commodity or transportation facility because of the failure of quarantine. Therefore, quarantine measures should be strictly implemented; and meanwhile the intentional introduction of alien species should be strictly managed and a system of risk assessment should be implemented.

Microcystin-RR-induced apoptosis in tobacco BY-2 cells

Our previous studies showed that microcystin-RR could induce oxidative damage in plant cells as they do with animal cells. However, whether microcystin can induce plant cell apoptosis is still unknown. In this study, the morphological changes of tobacco BY-2 suspension cells exposed to microcystin-RR were observed under light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and apoptosis was clearly distinguished by intense perinuclear chromatin margination, condensation of nuclear chromatin after 6d exposure of 50 mg/L (about 50 mu M) microcystin-RR. We also found that microcystin-RR can induce tobacco cell apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner with flow cytometry analysis. Our study provides the first evidence that microcystins can induce plant cell apoptosis. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.