Some implications of the volcanic theophany of YHWH on his primeval identity

Abstract: YHWH’s theophany and mode of action are frequently evoked in the Bible as a volcanic event. It is shown here that this representation, of central importance in the story of the Sinai Covenant, is probably not anchored in any specific volcanic eruption experienced by the Israelites in the past. In Antiquity, volcanic activity was specifically associated with the gods who patronized metallurgy, given the homology between lava flowing from a volcano and slag released from a furnace at smelting. Evidence towards such a link is also identified in the Bible. Accordingly, rather than being simply a literary artifice imaging the outstanding powers of YHWH, volcanism may reflect the existence of metallurgical roots in Israelite theology. This contention is supported by Biblical evidences associating YHWH with metal production: (i) his primeval dominion in mining areas, (ii) his special worship by metalworkers, (iii) the representation of his celestial universe as a giant furnace. It is concluded that the volcanic representation of YHWH’s theophany and mode of action reveal a surprising level of preservation of the metallurgic religious traditions in the ancient Israelite theology.

Alejandro E. Bunge : una visión de la Argentina

Resumen: El autor describe la concepción económica del Ingeniero Alejandro Bunge, quien se destacó como una de las personalidades con mayor capacidad visionaria en la Argentina de la primera mitad del siglo XX. Formado en la escuela histórica alemana, Bunge comprendió muy tempranamente la necesidad de una nueva orientación para la estrategia de desarrollo de nuestro país. Orientado por los objetivos de un conocimiento exhaustivo de la realidad nacional, una nueva estrategia productiva de sesgo agroindustrial y una amplia reforma social basada en los valores cristianos, Bunge trazó un camino que, según el autor, sigue siendo un desafío pendiente para la Argentina.