La investigación comercial como instrumento básico para el conocimiento de las actitudes del electorado: un estudio empírico en la Universidad del País Vasco

[ES] Hoy en día, cualquier partido político debe utilizar el marketing para analizar su mercado y posicionarse en el mismo con una estrategia adecuada. Para ello, el papel de la investigación comercial resulta fundamental, dado que nos permite detectar las necesidades y deseos de los electores, pudiendo el partido adoptar decisiones tendentes a satisfacerlas.

Squaring the circle. Social and environmental implications of pre-pottery neolithic building technology at Tell Qarassa (South Syria)

We present the results of the microstratigraphic, phytolith and wood charcoal study of the remains of a 10.5 ka roof. The roof is part of a building excavated at Tell Qarassa (South Syria), assigned to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B period (PPNB). The Pre-Pottery Neolithic (PPN) period in the Levant coincides with the emergence of farming. This fundamental change in subsistence strategy implied the shift from mobile to settled aggregated life, and from tents and huts to hard buildings. As settled life spread across the Levant, a generalised transition from round to square buildings occurred, that is a trademark of the PPNB period. The study of these buildings is fundamental for the understanding of the ever-stronger reciprocal socio-ecological relationship humans developed with the local environment since the introduction of sedentism and domestication. Descriptions of buildings in PPN archaeological contexts are usually restricted to the macroscopic observation of wooden elements (posts and beams) and mineral components (daub, plaster and stone elements). Reconstructions of microscopic and organic components are frequently based on ethnographic analogy. The direct study of macroscopic and microscopic, organic and mineral, building components performed at Tell Qarassa provides new insights on building conception, maintenance, use and destruction. These elements reflect new emerging paradigms in the relationship between Neolithic societies and the environment. A square building was possibly covered here with a radial roof, providing a glance into a topologic shift in the conception and understanding of volumes, from round-based to square-based geometries. Macroscopic and microscopic roof components indicate buildings were conceived for year-round residence rather than seasonal mobility. This implied performing maintenance and restoration of partially damaged buildings, as well as their adaptation to seasonal variability

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of a Folate-Targeted Copolymeric Submicrohydrogel Based on N-Isopropylacrylamide as 5-Fluorouracil Delivery System

Folate-targeted poly[(p-nitrophenyl acrylate)-co-(N-isopropylacrylamide)] nanohydrogel (F-SubMG) was loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to obtain low (16.3 +/- 1.9 mu g 5-FU/mg F-SubMG) and high (46.8 +/- 3.8 mu g 5-FU/mg F-SubMG) load 5-FU-loaded F-SubMGs. The complete in vitro drug release took place in 8 h. The cytotoxicity of unloaded F-SubMGs in MCF7 and HeLa cells was low; although it increased for high F-SubMG concentration. The administration of 10 mu M 5-FU by 5-FU-loaded F-SubMGs was effective on both cellular types. Cell uptake of F-SubMGs took place in both cell types, but it was higher in HeLa cells because they are folate receptor positive. After subcutaneous administration (28 mg 5-FU/kg b.w.) in Wistar rats, F-SubMGs were detected at the site of injection under the skin. Histological studies indicated that the F-SubMGs were surrounded by connective tissue, without any signs of rejections, even 60 days after injection. Pharmacokinetic study showed an increase in MRT (mean residence time) of 5-FU when the drug was administered by drug-loaded F-SubMGs.

Cheese consumption and prevalence of overweight and obesity in a Basque adult population: a crosssectional study

[EN] Studies have reported a negative association between dairy product consumption and weight status. However, not as much research has focused on cheese; therefore, the aim of this study was to study the association between cheese intake and overweight and obesity in a representative Basque adult population. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was obtained from a random sample of 1081 adults (530 males and 551 females, 17–96 years old). Cheese consumption data were expressed as g/1000 kcal/day. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was higher in men (55.1%) than in women (35.4%) (p50.001). Participants with low or moderate intake of fresh and processed cheese demonstrated a higher prevalence of excess weight, compared with those with higher consumption. The confounding variables selected in multivariate analysis were occupational status and age in both genders; and place of residence in men. In conclusion, negative associations were found between consumption of some types of cheese and overweight and obesity in this population.

Espainako ekonomiarako eskari sistema baten estimazioa: fruten kasua

Lan honen helburua, Espainiako ekonomiarako fruten eskari sistema estimatzea da. Horretarako, ustez fruten kontsumoan eragina duten aldagaien aukeraketa egin da, zehazki familien ezaugarriei lotutakoak (adina, ikasketa maila, familiaren indibiduo kopurua adin ezberdineko, bizilekua eta nazionalitatea) eta merkatuari lotutakoak (fruten prezioa eta gastua). Bestelako emaitzen artean, faktore ekonomikoak fruten kontsumoan eragin nabarmena dute, familien bizilekua eta kide kopuruarekin batera. Gainera, fruta mota bakoitzarentzat kontsumo ohitura ezberdinak daude, batzuk elkarrekin kontsumitzen dira eta beste batzuk ordezten joaten baitira. EUSKERA

Changes in social inequalities in disability-free life expectancy in Southern Europe: the case of the Basque Country

Background: Health expectancy is a useful tool to monitor health inequalities. The evidence about the recent changes in social inequalities in healthy expectancy is relatively scarce and inconclusive, and most studies have focused on Anglo-Saxon and central or northern European countries. The objective of this study was to analyse the changes in socioeconomic inequalities in disability-free life expectancy in a Southern European population, the Basque Country, during the first decade of the 21st century. Methods: This was an ecological cross-sectional study of temporal trends on the Basque population in 1999-2003 and 2004-2008. All-cause mortality rate, life expectancy, prevalence of disability and disability free-life expectancy were calculated for each period according to the deprivation level of the area of residence. The slope index of inequality and the relative index of inequality were calculated to summarize and compare the inequalities in the two periods. Results: Disability free-life expectancy decreased as area deprivation increased both in men and in women. The difference between the most extreme groups in 2004-2008 was 6.7 years in men and 3.7 in women. Between 1999-2003 and 2004-2008, socioeconomic inequalities in life expectancy decreased, and inequalities in disability-free expectancy increased in men and decreased in women. Conclusions: This study found important socioeconomic inequalities in health expectancy in the Basque Country. These inequalities increased in men and decreased in women in the first decade of the 21st century, during which the Basque Country saw considerable economic growth.

Estado de conservación de los elementos constructivos del Palacio Guevara (Segura - Gipuzkoa)

107 pag.

Instalación de paneles solares fotovoltaicos en vivienda unifamiliar en la Rioja Alavesa (Oyón).

[ES]En una vivienda unifamiliar ya construida y sin conectar a la red eléctrica, situada en Oyón, en la provincia de Álava (al lado de Logroño), se pretenden instalar paneles solares fotovoltaicos en el tejado, de modo que sea autónoma energéticamente hablando. Debido a que se usa como segunda residencia, y básicamente en los meses de buen tiempo, puede ser una inversión interesante

Espainiako pentsio sistema

Lan honen bidez, Espainiako Pentsioak aztertu dira. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, pentsioen diseinu oro-korra aztertu eta Espainiako Gizarte Segurantzaren eredua definitu da. Bigarrenik, Pentsio Sistemako erregimenak kontuan hartuz, Erregimen Orokorra hartu da oinarri -hau baita espainiar erregimen erabiliena- eta bere ezaugarriak azaldu dira. Azkenik, Lan Bizitzen Lagin Jarraitutik (LBLJ) lorturiko datuen bidez, ustez pentsioengan eragina duten aldagai ezberdinen (gizabanakoaren sexua, jarduera ekonomikoa, bizilekua eta hezkuntza-maila) aukeraketa egin da eta hauen bilakaera aztertu da 2005-2012 urte bitarteetan. Egindako analisien emaitza nagusiak oinarri hartuz, esan daiteke hainbat direla pentsioen zenbatekoan - Oinarri Arautzaile eta Erretiratze Adinean - eragina duten aldagaiak eta ondorioz, gizabanakoen ordainsarian desberdintasunak sortzen dituztenak.(EUSKERA)

Camino a la jubilación: alquiler versus compra de vivienda

Las previsiones del número de personas mayores en España para el año 2050 se han disparado. Un aumento de la población mayor que supondrá grandes dificultades para un sistema público de pensiones cuya viabilidad está en duda. España es un país en el que la cultura del ahorro a través de la vivienda en propiedad está muy arraigada. Sin embargo, en la actualidad existe un auge de las personas que optan por el alquiler como forma de residencia. Por ello, durante este trabajo se analiza la vida de una persona que optará bien por la compra de una vivienda o bien por el alquiler de una vivienda para complementar su futura pensión pública. Mediante la compra de vivienda, y una vez amortizado el préstamo hipotecario que deberá soportar, se le presentaran los productos denominados vivienda pensión e hipoteca inversa para financiar las posibles necesidades que puedan surgir en su jubilación. Por otro lado, el arrendatario optara por un producto de ahorro a largo plazo, cuya rentabilidad variara a lo largo del tiempo en función de su aversión al riesgo, de manera que llegado el momento de la jubilación disponga de un capital.

El sector hotelero en España: 2000-2013

El turismo hoy en día se entiende como una actividad que se realiza en lugares diferentes al de su residencia habitual, en un periodo de tiempo determinado y fundamentalmente por motivos acordes a los vacacionales como el ocio, el sol y la playa. En cambio, estos no son los únicos motivos por los que un turista se puede decantar por un destino u otro y claro ejemplo de ello es Madrid debido a su volumen de turismo de congresos y negocios. El sector turístico y sobre todo el apartado hotelero es el que menos afectado se ha visto por el impacto de la crisis, incluso se ha producido un crecimiento en él. Esta mejora se debe en gran parte a la situación de recuperación en la que se encontraban los países de los que recibimos una gran parte de los turistas. Este hecho se puede ver reflejado en la evolución de la estancia media y el grado de ocupación que presenta España antes de la crisis y después de ella.

Ethnography as a linking method between psychology and sociology: research design

World Conference on Psychology and Sociology 2012

Socioeconomic status, parental support, motivation and self-confidence in youth competitive sport

World Conference on Psychology and Sociology 2012