La representación de las élites locales y provinciales en los homenajes hispanos: la distinción honorífica pública y la intervención privada

Homenaje al Dr. Armin U. Stylow.

Water quality assessment and characterisation of chlorophyll-a variability related to river discharges, within the southeastern Bay of Biscay : evaluation and development of chlorophyll-a algorithms for MODIS and MERIS imagery

222 p. : il.

La sociedad ante los museos: públicos, usuarios y comunidades locales

Cap. 1. Públicos y museos: entre la democracia cultural y la mercantilización del patrimonio. Iñaki Arrieta Urtizberea. Cap. 2. Quelle place et quels rôles pour l’habitant dans son musée ? Hugues de Varine. Cap. 3. Museos comunitarios. Estrategias creativas para la formación de públicos en barrios patrimoniales. Mauricio Rojas Alcayaga. Cap. 4. Conociendo a todos los públicos: investigación y gestión en el Laboratorio Permanente de Público de Museos. Virginia Garde López. Cap. 5. Quand le visiteur du musée devient un acteur : la nécessaire contribution de l’évaluation. Lucie Daignault. Cap. 6. Evaluación implicativa: hacia una visión generativa y participativa en la gestión de audiencias. Mikel Asensio, Elena Asenjo, Yone Castro y Elena Pol. Cap. 7. Los estudios de visitantes en museos: conocer para gestionar. Cosmocaixa, un ejemplo de buenas prácticas. Antoni Laporte. Cap. 8. Los públicos de proximidad del Museu Blau (Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Barcelona). Lina Ubero Badia y Marta Ponseti Alonso.

Museos y parques naturales: comunidades locales, administraciones públicas y patrimonialización de la cultura y la naturaleza

Cap. 1. Patrimonialización cultural y natural: un proceso, múltiples aproximaciones. Cap. 2. Comment un musée de ville peut-il être au service des citoyens? Un parcours et quelques pistes d’action. Jean-François Leclerc. Cap. 3. Los museos comunitarios de Kuna Yala y la memoria histórica. Anelio Merry López Cap. 4. Turismo y museos en la ciudad de Valencia. Javier Martí. Cap. 5. La Red de Museos Etnográficos de Asturias: proyecto y realidad. Juaco López Álvarez. Cap. 6. Culturas campesinas y conservación del patrimonio natur-rural. Jaime Izquierdo. Cap. 7. Faire et savoir faire un « territoire patrimonial » : Parc naturel régional du Haut-Jura (France). Olivier Givre. Cap. 8. Espacios naturales y especies salvajes. La construcción de la naturaleza como patrimonio en el Pallars Sobirà, Pirineo catalán. Oriol Beltran e Ismael Vaccaro. Cap. 9. L’histoire au cœur de la cité : l’exemple du laboratoire d’histoire et de patrimoine de Montréal. Joanne Burgess.

Charge and spin transport in graphene devices

170 p.

Frame presentations: variants of the reals, rings of functions, their Dedekind completions, and the unit circle

176 p.

Genotypes, Recombinant Forms, and Variants of Norovirus GII.4 in Gipuzkoa (Basque Country, Spain), 2009-2012

Background: Noroviruses (NoVs) are genetically diverse, with genogroup II-and within it-genotype 4 (GII.4) being the most prevalent cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. The aim of this study was to characterize genogroup II NoV causing acute gastroenteritis in the Basque Country (northern Spain) from 2009-2012. Methods: The presence of NoV RNA was investigated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in stool specimens from children younger than 15 years old with community-acquired acute gastroenteritis, and from hospitalized adults or elderly residents of nursing homes with acute gastroenteritis. For genotyping, the open reading frames ORF1 (encoding the polymerase) and ORF2 (encoding the major capsid protein) were partially amplified and sequenced. Recombinant strains were confirmed by PCR of the ORF1/ORF2 junction region. Results: NoV was detected in 16.0% (453/2826) of acute gastroenteritis episodes in children younger than 2 years, 9.9% (139/1407) in children from 2 to 14 years, and 35.8% (122/341) in adults. Of 317 NoVs characterized, 313 were genogroup II and four were genogroup I. The GII.4 variants Den Haag-2006b and New Orleans-2009 predominated in 2009 and 2010-2011, respectively. In 2012, the New Orleans-2009 variant was partially replaced by the Sydney-2012 variant (GII.Pe/GII.4) and New Orleans-2009/Sydney-2012 recombinant strains. The predominant capsid genotype in all age groups was GII.4, which was the only genotype detected in outbreaks. The second most frequent genotype was GII.3 (including the recently described recombination GII.P16/GII.3), which was detected almost exclusively in children. Conclusion: Nine different genotypes of NoV genogroup II were detected; among these, intergenotype recombinant strains represented an important part, highlighting the role of recombination in the evolution of NoVs. Detection of new NoV strains, not only GII.4 strains, shortly after their first detection in other parts of the world shows that many NoV strains can spread rapidly.