Inscripciones romanas de Segovia, III: "addenda et corrigenda" a «Epigrafía romana de Segovia y su provincia»

[ES] En este artículo presentamos nuestra tercera aportación de novedades de la epigrafía de época romana de la provincia de Segovia, con seis piezas nuevas, recogemos dos ya publicadas, de una aportamos nueva lectura e interpretación, e introducimos un apartado de corrigenda con dos entradas.

lnscripciones romanas de Segovia. I: inscripciones inéditas

[ES] Se dan a conocer en este trabajo catorce nuevas inscripciones romanas de Segovia y su provincia. Nueve de ellas han aparecido en Segovia (ocho funerarias y una votiva), dos en Coca (ambas funerarias), dos en Duratón (no conociéndose su naturaleza por estar bastante fracturadas) y una en Sepúlveda (parece honorífica, a pesar de estar muy fracturada). En lo referente a su contenido hay dos unidades organizativas indígenas, en ambos casos expresadas por medio de genitivos de plural y halladas en la muralla de Segovia ("Cantabr(e)cum" en la inscripción n.º 2 y "Moveq(um)" en la inscripción n.º 4), referencia a un "contub(ernalis)" en la n.º 6 y la posibilidad de la existencia de un "collegium", si completamos como "fratribus" la cuarta línea de la inscripción n.º 14.

Inscripciones romanas de Segovia, II: nuevos datos sobre las inscripciones de la muralla junto al Matadero Viejo

[ES] Presentamos nuevos datos sobre inscripciones de la ciudad de Segovja extraídas de la muralla, variaciones en la lectura de seis y una inédita, así como la foto de una que se daba por perdida.

Clinical factors associated with a Candida albicans Germ Tube Antibody positive test in Intensive Care Unit patients

Background: Poor outcomes of invasive candidiasis (IC) are associated with the difficulty in establishing the microbiological diagnosis at an early stage. New scores and laboratory tests have been developed in order to make an early therapeutic intervention in an attempt to reduce the high mortality associated with invasive fungal infections. Candida albicans IFA IgG has been recently commercialized for germ tube antibody detection (CAGTA). This test provides a rapid and simple diagnosis of IC (84.4% sensitivity and 94.7% specificity). The aim of this study is to identify the patients who could be benefited by the use of CAGTA test in critical care setting. Methods: A prospective, cohort, observational multicentre study was carried out in six medical/surgical Intensive care units (ICU) of tertiary-care Spanish hospitals. Candida albicans Germ Tube Antibody test was performed twice a week if predetermined risk factors were present, and serologically demonstrated candidiasis was considered if the testing serum dilution was >= 1: 160 in at least one sample and no other microbiological evidence of invasive candidiasis was found. Results: Fifty-three critically ill non-neutropenic patients (37.7% post surgery) were included. Twenty-two patients (41.5%) had CAGTA-positive results, none of them with positive blood culture for Candida. Neither corrected colonization index nor antifungal treatment had influence on CAGTA results. This finding could corroborate that the CAGTA may be an important biomarker to distinguish between colonization and infection in these patients. The presence of acute renal failure at the beginning of the study was more frequent in CAGTA-negative patients. Previous surgery was statistically more frequent in CAGTA-positive patients. Conclusions: This study identified previous surgery as the principal clinical factor associated with CAGTA-positive results and emphasises the utility of this promising technique, which was not influenced by high Candida colonization or antifungal treatment. Our results suggest that detection of CAGTA may be important for the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis in surgical patients admitted in ICU.

Política y medios de comunicación: reflexiones poliédricas sobre una relación compleja

Índice: - Introducción (Miguel Ángel Casado y Jone Martínez). - Presentación del libro-CD Elecciones vascas 2009 (José Ignacio Armentia). - Elecciones vascas 2009. Siete diarios, tres candidatos y un diálogo (Iker Merodio). - Medios y política desde la Academia (José V. Idoyaga). - Comunicación y poder (Pedro Ibarra). - Apuntes desconcertados de un universitario de larga relación con los medios ahora metido a político (Imanol Zubero). - Las televisiones, al servicio de la campaña electoral (Marian González). - Cuando la política se estrecha, los políticos son el problema. Un apunte sobre prensa y política (Xabier Aierdi). - La comunicación en tus manos (Paul Ríos). - Política digital en 2010 (Mikel Agirregabiria). - Komunikabideak eta politika, AHT kasua aztergai: abiadura handiko informazioa, trena norantz doa? AHT eta prensa Euskal Herrian (Iñaki Barcena). - Komunikabideak eta politika. Zientzia politikotik ikuspegi bat: informazioaren mozorroa aztergai (Izaro Gorostidi). - Movimientos sociales y medios de comunicación: el caso de las movilizaciones anti- Bolonia (Joseba Fernández). - La autodeterminación como solución política a una Transición democrática mal resuelta (Cristina Perales). - Políticos y periodistas: reflexiones para un debate inacabado (Txema Ramírez de la Piscina). - Políticos y periodistas (Sonia Hernando). - Políticos vs. periodistas (Josu Segovia). - Periodismo y política (Pedro García). - La prensa y los círculos de poder. La prensa en los círculos de poder (Aratzazu Zugasti). - Medios de comunicación y discursos políticos. El reto de asumir responsabilidades sociales (Soraia Chacón). - Elecciones vascas 2009. Política y comunicación (Andoni Ortuzar). Información 2.0, ¿quiénes ejercen hoy la influencia? ¿Es el fin de la agenda setting? (Alain Coloma). - XXI. mendeko laugarren boterea: gizartea (Ugaitz Zabala). - Política y medios de comunicación: una relación de amor-odio permanente (Oskar Matute).

Carbapenem-resistant and carbapenem-susceptible isogenic isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST101 causing infection in a tertiary hospital

Background: In this study we describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of an outbreak due to carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-KP) producing CTX-M-15 and OXA-48 carbapenemase. Isogenic strains, carbapenem-susceptible K. pneumoniae (CS-KP) producing CTX-M-15, were also involved in the outbreak. Results: From October 2010 to December 2012 a total of 62 CR-KP and 23 CS-KP were isolated from clinical samples of 42 patients (22 had resistant isolates, 14 had susceptible isolates, and 6 had both CR and CS isolates). All patients had underlying diseases and 17 of them (14 patients with CR-KP and 3 with CS-KP) had received carbapenems previously. The range of carbapenem MICs for total isolates were: imipenem: 2 to >32 mu g/ml vs. <2 mu g/ml; meropenem: 4 to >32 mu g/ml vs. <2 mu g/ml; and ertapenem: 8 to >32 mu g/ml vs. <2 mu g/ml. All the isolates were also resistant to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and cotrimoxazole. Both types of isolates shared a common PFGE pattern associated with the multilocus sequence type 101 (ST101). The bla(CTX-M-15) gene was detected in all the isolates, whereas the bla(OXA-48) gene was only detected in CR-KP isolates on a 70 kb plasmid. Conclusions: The clonal spread of K. pneumoniae ST101 expressing the OXA-48 and CTX-M-15 beta-lactamases was the cause of an outbreak of CR-KP infections. CTX-M-15-producing isolates lacking the blaOXA-48 gene coexisted during the outbreak.

Gender equality in life insurance

[EN]This project is going to study the implications of the gender of an individual in the rate-setting process of life insurance. In order to do so there is a review of the continuous changes that have taken place in the national and European legislation following the enactment of the Directive 2004/113/EC, as well as its consequences from the prohibition to differentiate the premiums and benefits on the grounds of gender. In this area, the evolution of the Spanish insurance sector and the influence of the new legislation are examined. Furthermore, there is an analysis of the differences between men and women, which to some extent have a direct impact in the management and development of the life insurance companies. Finally, methods to calculate the premium and the benefits are proposed with the purpose of preventing the restrictions imposed by the Directive 2004/113/EC. In order to check the repercussions of the use of unisex tables a comparison is made between the premiums obtained for a whole life insurance by allocating the same weighing to the actuarial male and female mortality tables and those that would result if the distinction by gender were allowed.

Nazioarteko merkataritza akordioak

Euskaraz idatzita.Amerikako Estatu Batuen eta Erdialdeko Amerikaren arteko harremanak aztertzen dira bertan, DR-CAFTA izeneko Merkataritza Libreko Akordioak, epe labur, ertain eta luzean Erdialdeko Amerikako Herialdeentzat suposatu dituen ondorio garrantzitsuenak azaltzen dira bertan.