13 resultados para Variables aleatorias

em Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación - Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad del País Vasco


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Duración (en horas): De 21 a 30 horas. Destinatario: Estudiante

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Duración (en horas): De 21 a 30 horas. Nivel educativo: Grado

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[ES] El objetivo de este trabajo es establecer en qué medida los índices de riesgo país más utilizados por la comunidad económica y financiera internacional, en concreto, el índice de Euromoney y el ICRG, recogen las variables relevantes en el desencadenamiento de las crisis monetarias y financieras externas, como un aspecto básico en la evaluación de su capacidad para medir adecuadamente el riesgo de los diferentes países.

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Background: Maladaptive behavior has been reported as a phenotypical feature in Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS). It severely limits social adaptation and the quality of life of children and adults with the syndrome. Different factors have been linked with the intensity and form of these behavioral disturbances but there is no consensus about the cause. Consequently, there is still controversy regarding management strategies and there is a need for new data. Methods: The behavior of 100 adults with PWS attending a dedicated center was assessed using the Developmental Behavior Checklist for Adults (DBC-A) and the PWS-specific Hyperphagia Questionnaire. The DBC-A was completed separately by trained caregivers at the center and relatives or caregivers in a natural setting. Genotype, gender, age, degree of obesity and cognitive impairment were analyzed as variables with a hypothetical influence on behavioral features. Results: Patients showed a relatively high rate of behavioral disturbances other than hyperphagia. Disruptive and social relating were the highest scoring DBC-A subscales whereas anxiety/antisocial and self-absorbed were the lowest. When hospital caregiver and natural caregiver scores were compared, scores for the latter were higher for all subscales except for disruptive and anxiety/antisocial. These effects of institutional management were underlined. In the DBC-A, 22 items have descriptive indications of PWS behavior and were used for further comparisons and correlation analysis. In contrast to previous reports, rates of disturbed behavior were lower in patients with a deletion genotype. However, the behavioral profile was similar for both genotypes. No differences were found in any measurement when comparing type I and type II deletions. The other analyzed variables showed little relevance. Conclusions: Significant rates of behavioral disorders were highlighted and their typology described in a large cohort of adults with PWS. The deletion genotype was related to a lower severity of symptoms. Some major behavioral problems, such as hyperphagia, may be well controlled if living circumstances are adapted to the specific requirements of individuals with PWS.

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[ES]El trabajo que aquí se presenta tiene como principal objetivo comprobar la validez del método de Osgood, que es una particularización del método de Palmgren-Miner, que se emplea cuando un punto de una pieza está sometido a tensiones aleatorias. Se quiere comprobar su validez en situaciones reales en las que no se cumplen algunas de sus hipótesis de partida. En concreto en este trabajo se va a analizar la validez del método en dos casos: cuando el registro de tensiones aplicado sobre la pieza es alterno pero no sigue una distribución Gaussiana y cuando ni es Gaussiano ni alterno. Los resultados obtenidos empleando el método de Osgood en ambos casos se compararán con el daño obtenido para el mismo registro de tensiones empleando un método de daño lineal como es el método de Palmgren-Miner. Para llevar a cabo esta comprobación se va a hacer uso del programa Excel, mediante el cual se generarán los registros de tensiones aleatorias con los que se va a trabajar.

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Presentación de power point. Comunicación oral presentada en el 1er Simposium sobre Propiedades y Aplicaciones de MOFs y COFs, celebrado en Granada en abril de 2015

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[ES]Muchas de las piezas de vehículos trabajan bajo tensiones aleatorias, y por ello, es necesario tener en cuenta la fatiga por daño acumulativo de los materiales en el diseño. Sin embargo, no hay ningún método de cálculo específico en este ámbito, sino que se disponen de diferentes posibles elecciones, situación que incurre en la necesidad de una comparación entre ellos para tener cierto criterio de selección. Aportar ese criterio es la razón de ser de este informe, que se intentará corroborar con un análisis de una pieza de un tren de aterrizaje de una aeronave, bien por el tipo de cargas al que está sujeto cómo por la creciente importancia del sector aeronáutico en la industria en el cual el diseño tiene especial interés.

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In recent decades, numerous studies have shown a significant increase in violence during childhood and adolescence. These data suggest the importance of implementing programs to prevent and reduce violent behavior. The study aimed to design a program of emotional intelligence (El) for adolescents and to assess its effects on variables related to violence prevention. The possible differential effect of the program on both genders was also examined. The sample comprised 148 adolescents aged from 13 to 16 years. The study used an experimental design with repeated pretest-posttest measures and control groups. To measure the variables, four assessment instruments were administered before and after the program, as well as in the follow-up phase (1 year after the conclusion of the intervention). The program consisted of 20 one-hour sessions. The pretest-posttest ANCOVAs showed that the program significantly increased: (1) El (attention, clarity, emotional repair); (2) assertive cognitive social interaction strategies; (3) internal control of anger; and (4) the cognitive ability to analyze negative feelings. In the follow-up phase, the positive effects of the intervention were generally maintained and, moreover, the use of aggressive strategies as an interpersonal conflict-resolution technique was significantly reduced. Regarding the effect of the program on both genders, the change was very similar, but the boys increased assertive social interaction strategies, attention, and emotional clarity significantly more than the girls. The importance of implementing programs to promote socio-emotional development and prevent violence is discussed.