20 resultados para Mendoza, Linnea

em Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación - Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad del País Vasco


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The Financial Crisis has hit particularly hard countries like Ireland or Spain. Procyclical fiscal policy has contributed to a boom-bust cycle that undermined fiscal positions and deepened current account deficits during the boom. We set up an RBC model of a small open economy, following Mendoza (1991), and introduce the effect of fiscal policy decisions that change over the cycle. We calibrate the model on data for Ireland, and simulate the effect of different spending policies in response to supply shocks. Procyclical fiscal policy distorts intertemporal allocation decisions. Temporary spending boosts in booms spur investment, and hence the need for external finance, and so generates very volatile cycles in investment and the current account. This economic instability is also harmful for the steady state level of output. Our model is able to replicate the relation between the degree of cyclicality of fiscal policy, and the volatility of consumption, investment and the current account observed in OECD countries.

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Taller celebrado dentro de las II Jornadas de Acceso Abierto organizadas por la Biblioteca de la UPV/EHU del 22 al 24 de Octubre de 2012, con motivo de la "International Open Access Week".

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Background: Implantation and growth of metastatic cancer cells at distant organs is promoted by inflammation-dependent mechanisms. A hepatic melanoma metastasis model where a majority of metastases are generated via interleukin-18-dependent mechanisms was used to test whether anti-inflammatory properties of resveratrol can interfere with mechanisms of metastasis. Methods: Two experimental treatment schedules were used: 1) Mice received one daily oral dose of 1 mg/kg resveratrol after cancer cell injection and the metastasis number and volume were determined on day 12. 2) Mice received one daily oral dose of 1 mg/kg resveratrol along the 5 days prior to the injection of cancer cells and both interleukin-18 (IL-18) concentration in the hepatic blood and microvascular retention of luciferase-transfected B16M cells were determined on the 18(th) hour. In vitro, primary cultured hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells were treated with B16M-conditioned medium to mimic their in vivo activation by tumor-derived factors and the effect of resveratrol on IL-18 secretion, on vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression and on tumor cell adhesion were studied. The effect of resveratrol on melanoma cell activation by IL-18 was also studied. Results: Resveratrol remarkably inhibited hepatic retention and metastatic growth of melanoma cells by 50% and 75%, respectively. The mechanism involved IL-18 blockade at three levels: First, resveratrol prevented IL-18 augmentation in the blood of melanoma cell-infiltrated livers. Second, resveratrol inhibited IL-18-dependent expression of VCAM-1 by tumor-activated hepatic sinusoidal endothelium, preventing melanoma cell adhesion to the microvasculature. Third, resveratrol inhibited adhesion-and proliferation-stimulating effects of IL-18 on metastatic melanoma cells through hydrogen peroxide-dependent nuclear factor-kappaB translocation blockade on these cells. Conclusions: These results demonstrate multiple sites for therapeutic intervention using resveratrol within the prometastatic microenvironment generated by tumor-induced hepatic IL-18, and suggest a remarkable effect of resveratrol in the prevention of inflammation-dependent melanoma metastasis in the liver.

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Background: Human melanoma frequently colonizes bone marrow (BM) since its earliest stage of systemic dissemination, prior to clinical metastasis occurrence. However, how melanoma cell adhesion and proliferation mechanisms are regulated within bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) microenvironment remain unclear. Consistent with the prometastatic role of inflammatory and angiogenic factors, several studies have reported elevated levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in melanoma although its pathogenic role in bone marrow melanoma metastasis is unknown. Methods: Herein we analyzed the effect of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor celecoxib in a model of generalized BM dissemination of left cardiac ventricle-injected B16 melanoma (B16M) cells into healthy and bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-pretreated mice to induce inflammation. In addition, B16M and human A375 melanoma (A375M) cells were exposed to conditioned media from basal and LPS-treated primary cultured murine and human BMSCs, and the contribution of COX-2 to the adhesion and proliferation of melanoma cells was also studied. Results: Mice given one single intravenous injection of LPS 6 hour prior to cancer cells significantly increased B16M metastasis in BM compared to untreated mice; however, administration of oral celecoxib reduced BM metastasis incidence and volume in healthy mice, and almost completely abrogated LPS-dependent melanoma metastases. In vitro, untreated and LPS-treated murine and human BMSC-conditioned medium (CM) increased VCAM-1-dependent BMSC adherence and proliferation of B16M and A375M cells, respectively, as compared to basal medium-treated melanoma cells. Addition of celecoxib to both B16M and A375M cells abolished adhesion and proliferation increments induced by BMSC-CM. TNF alpha and VEGF secretion increased in the supernatant of LPS-treated BMSCs; however, anti-VEGF neutralizing antibodies added to B16M and A375M cells prior to LPS-treated BMSC-CM resulted in a complete abrogation of both adhesion-and proliferation-stimulating effect of BMSC on melanoma cells. Conversely, recombinant VEGF increased adherence to BMSC and proliferation of both B16M and A375M cells, compared to basal medium-treated cells, while addition of celecoxib neutralized VEGF effects on melanoma. Recombinant TNFa induced B16M production of VEGF via COX-2-dependent mechanism. Moreover, exogenous PGE2 also increased B16M cell adhesion to immobilized recombinant VCAM-1. Conclusions: We demonstrate the contribution of VEGF-induced tumor COX-2 to the regulation of adhesion-and proliferation-stimulating effects of TNFa, from endotoxin-activated bone marrow stromal cells, on VLA-4-expressing

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1 tarjeta, 1 felicitación de Navidad, 1 carta, 1 tarjeta de vistita (manuscritas y mecanografiadas) ; entre 231x165mm y 10x60mm. Ubicación: Caja 1 - Carpeta 30

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1 carta y 2 tarjetas postales (manuscritas y mecanografiadas) ; entre 215x235mm y 151x130mm. Ubicación: Caja 1 - Carpeta 32

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2 cartas (mecanografiadas) ; entre 210x297mm y 220x340 mm. Ubicación: Caja 1 - Carpeta 67

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Background: The recruitment of vascular stromal and endothelial cells is an early event occurring during cancer cell growth at premetastatic niches, but how the microenvironment created by the initial three-dimensional (3D) growth of cancer cells affects their angiogenesis-stimulating potential is unclear. Methods: The proangiogenic profile of CT26 murine colorectal carcinoma cells was studied in seven-day cultured 3D-spheroids of <300 mu m in diameter, produced by the hanging-drop method to mimic the microenvironment of avascular micrometastases prior to hypoxia occurrence. Results: Spheroid-derived CT26 cells increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion by 70%, which in turn increased the in vitro migration of primary cultured hepatic sinusoidal endothelium (HSE) cells by 2-fold. More importantly, spheroid-derived CT26 cells increased lymphocyte function associated antigen (LFA)-1-expressing cell fraction by 3-fold; and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, given to spheroid-cultured CT26 cells, further increased VEGF secretion by 90%, via cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-dependent mechanism. Consistent with these findings, CT26 cancer cells significantly increased LFA-1 expression in non-hypoxic avascular micrometastases at their earliest inception within hepatic lobules in vivo; and angiogenesis also markedly increased in both subcutaneous tumors and hepatic metastases produced by spheroid-derived CT26 cells. Conclusion: 3D-growth per se enriched the proangiogenic phenotype of cancer cells growing as multicellular spheroids or as subclinical hepatic micrometastases. The contribution of integrin LFA-1 to VEGF secretion via COX-2 was a micro environmental-related mechanism leading to the pro-angiogenic activation of soluble ICAM-1-activated colorectal carcinoma cells. This mechanism may represent a new target for specific therapeutic strategies designed to block colorectal cancer cell growth at a subclinical micrometastatic stage within the liver.

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1 tarjeta postal (manuscrita) : 184x91mm. Ubicación: Caja 1 - Carpeta 79

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[ES]La apuesta por la igualdad en cualquier ámbito de nuestro entorno es un aspecto clave para la mejora de él. La igualdad en la investigación científica y desarrollo tecnológico es todavía un reto entre las instituciones que componen el sistema. En el País Vasco, existe un potente sistema y estructura de apoyo institucional a la ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación, y es imprescindible su correcto funcionamiento para un adecuado desarrollo de la I+D en todas sus vertientes. Para conocer la situación actual del País Vasco, este trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar la relación existente entre la evolución del gasto en I+D y la evolución de la presencia de la mujer investigadora en actividades de I+D en el País Vasco. En general, el estudio nos permite concluir que la presencia de la mujer investigadora y el gasto en I+D han evolución de manera similar en los últimos veinte años.

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Nada más conocido para nosotros que aquello con lo que convivimos día a día, todos deseamos estar satisfechos con los aspectos que marcan nuestra vida cotidiana, como por ejemplo la limpieza de nuestra ciudad. Así nació la idea del estudio sobre la satisfacción de los usuarios del servicio de limpieza y gestión de los R.S.U (Residuos sólidos urbanos), la intención: Reconocer los factores que influyen sobre la satisfacción en el sector y relacionar los datos obtenidos con el fin de dar una imagen lo más global y fiel posible del servicio. Dado que una empresa como es la UTE RSU Bilbao (Bilbaogarbi) no solo debe mantener satisfechos a ciudadanía, comerciantes y hosteleros (reflejo de la satisfacción del ayuntamiento como ente contratante por concurso), sino también a los propios trabajadores de la entidad, se optó por dividir el trabajo en un estudio externo y otro interno a la UTE. El estudio externo aportó datos que aseguraban la excelente calidad percibida de la limpieza de la ciudad, y la relativa buena concienciación ciudadana, mientras que el estudio interno pudo ofrecernos una imagen de la empresa más cercana, con tendencia al cuidado de la seguridad del trabajador, la relativa libertad de estos al ejercer su puesto y la honestidad en sus relaciones y trato a los distintos agentes implicados. La síntesis de los datos obtenidos ha logrado posicionar al servicio como un referente en la materia.

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Nada más conocido para nosotros que aquello con lo que convivimos día a día, todos deseamos estar satisfechos con los aspectos que marcan nuestra vida cotidiana, como por ejemplo la limpieza de nuestra ciudad. Así nació la idea del estudio sobre la satisfacción de los usuarios del servicio de limpieza y gestión de los R.S.U (Residuos sólidos urbanos), la intención: Reconocer los factores que influyen sobre la satisfacción en el sector y relacionar los datos obtenidos con el fin de dar una imagen lo más global y fiel posible del servicio. Dado que una empresa como es la UTE RSU Bilbao (Bilbaogarbi) no solo debe mantener satisfechos a ciudadanía, comerciantes y hosteleros (reflejo de la satisfacción del ayuntamiento como ente contratante por concurso), sino también a los propios trabajadores de la entidad, se optó por dividir el trabajo en un estudio externo y otro interno a la UTE. El estudio externo aportó datos que aseguraban la excelente calidad percibida de la limpieza de la ciudad, y la relativa buena concienciación ciudadana, mientras que el estudio interno pudo ofrecernos una imagen de la empresa más cercana, con tendencia al cuidado de la seguridad del trabajador, la relativa libertad de estos al ejercer su puesto y la honestidad en sus relaciones y trato a los distintos agentes implicados. La síntesis de los datos obtenidos ha logrado posicionar al servicio como un referente en la materia.

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Análisis económico-financiero de las empresas de construcción del País Vasco sementadas en micros, medianas y grandes empresas, comparándolo con la tendencia que siguen en España.