Effective and Robust Generalized Predictive Speed Control of Induction Motor

14 p.

Lehiaketa motor baten direkzio piparen diseinua

[EU]Hurrengo orrialdeetan aurkezten den proiektu honetan, lehiaketa motor baten direkzio piparen diseinua proposatzen da zeinak Moto Engineering Foundation fundazioak sustatutako nazioarteko Motostudent txapelketan parte hartzeko motorrera egokituta egon beharko den. Honako helburu honekin beraz, direkzio piparen diseinu egoki bat egin ahal izateko piezak sufrituko dituen karga egoerak aurreikusi beharko ditugu hauen arabera jasan beharreko tentsio egoerak aztertu ahal izateko. Piezaren tentsioen analisia aurrera eraman beharko da beraz, diseinaturiko piezaren funtzionamendu egokia ziurtatu ahal izateko. Historian zehar existitutako diseinu modelo ezberdinak eta baita gaur egunean gehien erabilitakoak ere aurkeztu eta gero, gure kasura hobekien moldatuko zaion adibidetik ekingo zaio diseinuari, aldez aurretik eskuratutako datu eta errodamenduetatik abiatuz. Horrenbestez, oinarritzat hartutako direkzio sistema modeloa eta bestelako elementuen neurriak datutzat hartuta, tija zein norabide ardatzarena esate baterako, direkzio piparen hasierako geometria definituko da. Eskuragarri ditugun analisi metodo ezberdinak aztertu eta gure kasura hobekien moldatzen dena aukeratu eta eraikitako piezari aplikatuko zaio. Lorturiko emaitzen arabera hasiera batean planteaturiko diseinua onartu edo baztertzea erabaki beharko dugu. Beraz, gure diseinua optimizatuz joateko aukera izango dugu, baldintzak eta betebeharrak egiztatuko dituen amaierako pieza diseinua lortu arte. Bukatzeko, proiektuari itxiera emango dion atala aurkeztuko da, hala nola, proiektuaren garapenean zehar lorturiko emaitzak eta ondorioak biltzen dituen atala non lorturiko direkzio piparen funtzionamendu egokia bermatzen dituzten parametroak aurkeztuko diren. Gainera, direkzio sistemaren funtsezko atala izango diren errodamenduen kalkulu eta aukeraketa bideratuko da baita ere.

Lehiaketako motor baten erditxasiaren diseinua

[EU]Proiektu honek lehiaketarako moto baten erditxasia garatzen du, baita txasira lotuta egongo den modua ere. Erditxasia pieza estruktural bat da eta nahiz eta agian beharrezkoa ez izan lehiaketako moto batean, izan ere hauetan pilotuek ipurdia oso aurrean kokatzen dute pisua txasira bideratuz, moto guztiek duten atal bat da eta pertsonaren pisua eta honek egiturari eragiten dizkion indar eta esfortzuak eusteko erabiltzen da. Kasu batzuetan txasiaren beraren barnean egoten da zati hau eta beraz dena pieza bat izaten da, baina gure kasuan biak, erditxasia eta txasia elkarri lotuta egongo dira. Hasteko erditxasi hau zein eratara fabrikatua izan daitekeen aztertuko da(hodi, txapa…), eta modu bakoitzaren abantailak eta desabantailak ikusi beharko dira azkenik nola egingo den aukeratzeko. Honela gure piezaren eboluzio bat emango da guk behar ditugun exijentzia teknikoak bete ditzan eta ekonomikoki ere bideragarria izan dadin. Amaitzeko pieza bere lekuan bermatzeko beharko diren elementu laguntzaileak ere kalkulatu edo aukeratu beharko dira, lehiaketan dugun portaera guk nahi duguna izan dadin.

Lehiaketa motor baten atzealde-suspentsio sistema doigarri baten elementuen diseinua

[EU]Proiektu hau lehiaketa motor baten atzealde-suspentsio sistema doigarri baten elementuen diseinuan datza. Luzeran erregulagarria izango den tirantea eta suspentsio triangelua diseinatu eta optimizatuko dira. Diseinuak ahalik eta pisu txikiena izatea ahalbidetzen duten makinen elementuak (errotulak eta errodamenduak) aukeratuko dira. Lanaren garapenerako Motostudent izeneko lehiaketatik hartutako datu errealak erabiliko dira. Suspentsio sistemaren diseinua Creo2.0 (lehengo Pro-Engineer) software-arekin egingo da. Bestalde, beste software batzuk ere erabiliko dira, hala nola, Working Model 2D eta ANSYS, sistemaren analisia errazteko.

Cogeneración con gas natural en una empresa de tratamientos térmicos

[ES]Diseño de una instalación de cogeneración basada en un motor de combustible gas natural para una empresa de tratamientos térmicos y superficiales. Para satisfacer las necesidades energéticas de la planta, la potencia eléctrica la suministrará un alternador conectado al motor y, a su vez, la entalpía de los humos de escape del motor se aprovechará para la producción de vapor de agua, necesario para la actividad industrial de la empresa. Por otro lado, el calor que es necesario disipar de dicho motor se recuperará para el calentamiento de agua de red, con la finalidad de limpiar la taladrina de las piezas tratadas.

Comparison of marketing policies applied by the same company in different countries and analysis of the reasons for the differences

The focus of this project is going to be, as the title indicates, on the comparison of marketing policies applied by the same company in different countries and analysis of the reasons for the differences. In order to do that, I have selected the company Nestlé to analyze the marketing decisions it makes across national boundaries to market the brand of Kit Kat and keep it as a leader snack worldwide. After having analyzed the brand in all continents, I can say the execution of the strategy used by Nestlé with Kit Kat really matches the planning of the strategy which is to think globally and act locally. Nestlé uses global brand identity but, from the internal point of view, it uses local ingredients and gives autonomy to its local branches based in different countries to make pricing and distributions decisions and therefore satisfy different consumers’ needs and preferences in local environments where changes happen very rapidly. The “glocal” approach to marketing is an effective way for Nestlé Kit Kat to stay focused on the consumer in worldwide markets.

La innovación empresarial y el emprendimiento: un análisis empírico

[ES]Este es un Trabajo Fin de Grado interdisciplinar que aúna la Innovación y el Emprendimiento con la Econometría. En la parte teórica, se sintetiza la literatura relacionada con la innovación y el emprendimiento, los tipos y medidas de innovación, los factores que influyen tanto positiva como negativamente en la innovación, y se explica la importancia de innovar en las empresas. Se analizan también las bases de datos sobre innovación disponibles en Internet. Mientras que en la parte empírica, se analiza el impacto del Producto Interior Bruto sobre la actividad emprendedora total y por motivos de necesidad u oportunidad de 67 países a nivel mundial. Los países están divididos en tres tipos, dependiendo de cual es el motor impulsor de su economía: los factores tradicionales de producción, los factores que mejoran su eficiencia y las economías basadas en la sofisticación de sus empresas y la innovación. Así mismo, se analiza la influencia del PIB y otras variables macroeconómicas como el nivel de educación superior, la inversión pública y privada en I+D+i y el número de patentes PCT con el emprendimiento innovador. Para ello, se han teniendo en cuenta los datos aportados en los Informes Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) y Innovation Union Scoreboard (IUS) para el año 2012.

Lehiaketa motor baten kate bidezko transmisioaren diseinua

[EU]Lan honen helburu nagusia, bi denborako lehiaketa motor baten kate bidezko transmisioaren diseinua egitea da, hau da, pinoi-kate-koroa multzoaren diseinua. Horretarako pinoia eta koroaren dimentsionaketa egingo da eta aplikazio honetarako kate mota egokiena aukeratuko da. Diseinua egin aurretik, metodologia desberdinak aztertuko dira eta eskuragarri dauden datuen arabera metodologia egokiena aukeratuko da. Lanaren garapenerako Motostudent lehiaketatik hartutako datu errealak erabiliko dira. Gainera, pieza desberdinen CAD eredua egingo da PTC Creo programa erabiliz.

Structural capital, innovation capability, and company performance in technology-based colombian firms

[EN] In today s economy, innovation is considered to be one of the main driving forces behind business competitiveness, if not the most relevant one. Traditionally, the study of innovation has been addressed from different perspectives. Recently, literature on knowledge management and intellectual capital has provided new insights. Considering this, the aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of different organizational conditions i.e. structural capital on innovation capability and innovation performance, from an intellectual capital (IC) perspective. As regards innovation capability, two dimensions are considered: new idea generation and innovation project management. The population subject to study is made up of technology-based Colombian firms. In order to gather information about the relevant variables involved in the research, a questionnaire was designed and addressed to the CEOs of the companies making up the target population. The sample analyzed is made up of 69 companies and is large enough to carry out a statistical study based on structural equation modelling (partial least squares approach) using PLS-Graph software (Chin and Frye, 2003). The results obtained show that structural capital explains to a great extent both the effectiveness of the new idea generation process and of innovation project management. However, the influence of each specific organizational component making up structural capital (organizational design, organizational culture, hiring and professional development policies, innovation strategy, technological capital, and external structure) varies. Moreover, successful innovation project management is the only innovation capability dimension that exerts a significant impact on company performance.

Company financial performance: Does board size matter? Case of the EUROSTOXX50 index

[EN] This study analyzes the relationship between board size and economic-financial performance in a sample of European firms that constitute the EUROSTOXX50 Index. Based on previous literature, resource dependency and agency theories, and considering regulation developed by the OECD and European Union on the normative of corporate governance for each country in the sample, the authors propose the hypotheses of both positive linear and quadratic relationships between the researched parameters. Using ROA as a benchmark of financial performance and the number of members of the board as measurement of the board size, two OLS estimations are performed. To confirm the robustness of the results the empirical study is tested with two other similar financial ratios, ROE and Tobin s Q. Due to the absence of significant results, an additional factor, firm size, is employed in order to check if it affects firm performance. Delving further into the nature of this relationship, it is revealed that there exists a strong and negative relation between firm size and financial performance. Consequently, it can be asseverated that the generic recommendation one size fits all cannot be applied in this case; which conforms to the Recommendations of the European Union that dissuade using generic models for all countries.

Sistema de transmisión para vehículo de tracción trasera y motor delantero

El objetivo del proyecto es realizar el diseño de un sistema de transmisión para un vehículo de motor delantero y tracción trasera, haciendo especial hincapié en el diseño del segundo elemento de la transmisión: la caja de cambios. Se deben asegurar las prestaciones dadas por la ficha técnica del vehículo, un Ford Sierra xR4i 2.8, así como la transmisión de potencia máxima (150 CV/110 kW) y de par torsor (216 N·m/22 kg·m) del motor, el número de velocidades y las relaciones de marcha en la caja de cambios, la reducción final en el diferencial y los desarrollos. Para ello, se han estudiado, seleccionado (mediante catálogo comercial) y diseñado los distintos elementos del sistema de transmisión: embrague, caja de cambios, árbol de transmisión y diferencial. La aplicación del proyecto no está enfocada al mercado, es decir, no se va a comercializar la transmisión sino que esta será homologada para su uso particular, no competitivo, dentro de un circuito cerrado. Para llevar a cabo este proyecto se han dejado a un lado el estudio, la selección y el diseño de componentes eléctricos y electrónicos, ya que este se trata de un proyecto mecánico centrado en el diseño de los órganos de transmisión: ejes, rodamientos, elementos de unión, chavetas, engranajes... Los mecanismos desarrollados han sido los siguientes: - Embrague de discos de fricción. Concretamente, un embrague monodisco. - Caja de cambios de cinco velocidades montada sobre tres ejes (primario, intermedio y secundario). - Árbol de transmisión compuesto por un eje de sección circular hueca y dos juntas cardan de elección comercial a cada lado. - Diferencial convencional.

Learning to perceive in the sensor motor approach: Piaget's theory of equilibration interpreted dynamically

Learning to perceive is faced with a classical paradox: if understanding is required for perception, how can we learn to perceive something new, something we do not yet understand? According to the sensorimotor approach, perception involves mastery of regular sensorimotor co-variations that depend on the agent and the environment, also known as the "laws" of sensorimotor contingencies (SMCs). In this sense, perception involves enacting relevant sensorimotor skills in each situation. It is important for this proposal that such skills can be learned and refined with experience and yet up to this date, the sensorimotor approach has had no explicit theory of perceptual learning. The situation is made more complex if we acknowledge the open-ended nature of human learning. In this paper we propose Piaget's theory of equilibration as a potential candidate to fulfill this role. This theory highlights the importance of intrinsic sensorimotor norms, in terms of the closure of sensorimotor schemes. It also explains how the equilibration of a sensorimotor organization faced with novelty or breakdowns proceeds by re-shaping pre-existing structures in coupling with dynamical regularities of the world. This way learning to perceive is guided by the equilibration of emerging forms of skillful coping with the world. We demonstrate the compatibility between Piaget's theory and the sensorimotor approach by providing a dynamical formalization of equilibration to give an explicit micro-genetic account of sensorimotor learning and, by extension, of how we learn to perceive. This allows us to draw important lessons in the form of general principles for open-ended sensorimotor learning, including the need for an intrinsic normative evaluation by the agent itself. We also explore implications of our micro-genetic account at the personal level.

The patents in the introduction of reinforced concrete in Spain: "Alhondiga de Bilbao" case study

Reinforced concrete structures are introduced in Spain mainly by French influence. This happens in the late nineteenth century, following the scheme operating through proprietary systems prevailing in Europe. Systems initially have poor scientific support reaching, even early twentieth century, an impediment to the development of concrete structures, due to the lack of knowledge shown, as well as due to a series of accidents. Therefore, from the end of the first decade of the past century are enacted a series of regulations in many countries, that will change the design and calculation of reinforced concrete structure. The knowledge of the environment of the patent systems, its beginnings and the circumstances of their application allow us to understand the constraints of the early concrete structures, as presented in the Bilbao wine store (1906).

A business plan development: the case of a paint company in Douala Camroon by Bomboy & Friends

This paper presents a business plan to create a new company Bomboy & Friends regarding the Exclusive Distribution of a fully Eco Friendly Water-Soluble Anti- Corrosive Prime named Life Guard Active Rust Primer Paint abbreviated as “L.G.A.R.P Paint” in Douala Cameroon and the C.E.M.A.C Region. The lack of quality paint in Cameroon has given the opportunity for a company like Bomboy & Friends to nurture its existence and be part of a fast growing economy, providing a high quality paint competition, very economical, easy to prepare, environmentally friendly, compatible with other brands and accessible to medium and small size companies.