Bakerako hezkuntza: bizikidetza sustatzeko tresna

Nivel educativo: Grado. Duración (en horas): De 21 a 30 horas

Aplicaciones de nanoparticulas de magnetita de origen bacteriano

Uso de nanopartículas magnéticas extraídas de bacterias magnetotácticas para su estudio y aplicación en la hipertermia magnética. Idioma Castellano

Síntesis de catalizadores quirales basados en alcaloides de Cincona

La síntesis de compu estos enantiopuros es de vital importancia en el ámbito de la industria farmacéuti ca y agroquímica. 1 Es mucha la bibliografía que recoge información sobre la importancia de la obtención de compuestos quirales como un único enantiómero especialmente cuando el compuesto es bioactivo . La importancia reside en que los sistemas biológicos (p roteínas, enzimas, aminoácidos, etc.) son entidades quirales capaces de reconocer y diferenciar los miembros de una pareja de enantiómeros, y , en ocasiones , cada uno provoca una respuesta diferente en el cuerpo humano. El principal problema se presenta c uando u no de los enantiómero s tiene una actividad diferente de la esperad

Influencia de la internacionalización en el desempeño social de las empresas

[ES] Recientemente estudios previos han comenzado a plantear la posible relación entre el fenómeno de la internacionalización y responsabilidad social corporativa de las organizaciones. En este trabajo analizamos en qué medida la internacionalización contribuye a una mejora sustancial del desempeño social de las empresas. Usando una muestra de 102 empresas estadounidenses de los sectores químico, energético y de maquinaria industrial, nuestros resultados muestran que no todas las dimensiones de la internacionalización permiten a las empresas adquirir conocimiento valioso que conduzca a una mejora de su desempeño social. Concretamente, comprobamos que, mientras el porcentaje de ventas en mercados extranjeros y la diversificación internacional cultural favorecen la puesta en marcha de prácticas de responsabilidad social corporativa avanzadas que redundan en un mejor desempeño social (cumpliendo con las demandas sociales de los grupos de interés de los distintos mercados donde operan), la diversificación internacional geográfica no tiene efecto directo en el desempeño social de las empresas. Por tanto, no es tan importante el número de mercados donde la empresa actúa, sino el grado de diferenciación cultural existente entre los mismos lo que hace que la propia empresa mejore su desempeño social. El presente trabajo incluye implicaciones relevantes para el mundo académico, directivos y reguladores públicos.

Máster universitario en nutrición y salud. Alimentación y nutrición en las personas mayores

Índice: - Presentación. - 1. Envejecimiento. Concepto de edad cronológica y biológica. Envejecimiento fisiológico y patológico. Gerontología y geriatría. Cambios demográficos. Esperanza de vida (Mª Luisa Martín Miranda). - 2. Interacción nutrición-envejecimiento. Cambios fisiológicos, funcionales y patológicos que afectan al estado nutricional. Condicionantes físicos, psíquicos y socioeconómicos del estado nutricional. La alimentación como condicionante de salud y calidad de vida (Ángeles Carbajal Azcona). - 3. Necesidades de energía y nutrientes. Ingestas recomendadas. Suplementos nutricionales. Hidratación e ingesta líquida (Ángeles Carbajal Azcona). - 4. Dieta equilibrada. Guías alimentarias y pautas dietéticas. Diseño y programación de dietas en personas mayores. Ejemplos de menús (Carmen Cuadrado Vives). - 5. Funcionalidad física, psíquica y social. Importancia de la actividad física. Repercusión en el estado nutricional y en la calidad de vida. Influencia de la nutrición en el deterioro cognitivo (Mª Luisa Martín Miranda y Beatriz Beltrán de Miguel). - 6. Valoración del estado nutricional. Problemática en personas de edad (Beatriz Beltrán de Miguel). - 7. Grupos de riesgo. Malnutrición, sobrepeso y obesidad, estreñimiento, diabetes, ECV, osteoporosis y otras enfermedades crónicas. El anciano institucionalizado. Interacción nutriente-fármaco (Ángeles Carbajal Azcona y Carmen Cuadrado Vives). - 8. Ayudas, iniciativas, educación nutricional, actividades sociales y otras herramientas para la mejora de la nutrición y del estado nutricional (Beatriz Beltrán de Miguel). - 9. Estudios de referencia en personas de edad. Estudio SENECA (Carmen Cuadrado Vives). - Prácticas.

Fast and Efficient Neural Conversion of Human Hematopoietic Cells

Neurons obtained directly from human somatic cells hold great promise for disease modeling and drug screening. Available protocols rely on overexpression of transcription factors using integrative vectors and are often slow, complex, and inefficient. We report a fast and efficient approach for generating induced neural cells (iNCs) directly from human hematopoietic cells using Sendai virus. Upon SOX2 and c-MYC expression, CD133-positive cord blood cells rapidly adopt a neuroepithelial morphology and exhibit high expansion capacity. Under defined neurogenic culture conditions, they express mature neuronal markers and fire spontaneous action potentials that can be modulated with neurotransmitters. SOX2 and c-MYC are also sufficient to convert peripheral blood mononuclear cells into iNCs. However, the conversion process is less efficient and resulting iNCs have limited expansion capacity and electrophysiological activity upon differentiation. Our study demonstrates rapid and efficient generation of iNCs from hematopoietic cells while underscoring the impact of target cells on conversion efficiency.

Complexity and Uniqueness of the Aromatic Profile of Smoked and Unsmoked Herreno Cheese

In this work, the volatile fraction of unsmoked and smoked Herreno cheese, a type of soft cheese from the Canary Islands, has been characterized for the first time. In order to evaluate if the position in the smokehouse could influence the volatile profile of the smoked variety, cheeses smoked at two different heights were studied. The volatile components were extracted by Solid Phase Microextraction using a divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane fiber, followed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. In total, 228 components were detected. The most numerous groups of components in the unsmoked Herreno cheese were hydrocarbons, followed by terpenes and sesquiterpenes, whereas acids and ketones were the most abundant. It is worth noticing the high number of aldehydes and ketones, and the low number of alcohols and esters in this cheese in relation to others, as well as the presence of some specific unsaturated hydrocarbons, terpenes, sesquiterpenes and nitrogenated derivatives. The smoking process enriches the volatile profile of Herreno cheese with ketones and diketones, methyl esters, aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes, hydrocarbons, terpenes, nitrogenated compounds, and especially with ethers and phenolic derivatives. Among these, methylindanones or certain terpenes like a-terpinolene, have not been detected previously in other types of smoked cheese. Lastly, the results obtained suggest a slightly higher smoking degree in the cheeses smoked at a greater height.

Closed G2 forms and special metrics

170 p.

Interaction between the 5-HT system and the basal ganglia: functional implication and therapeutic perspective in Parkinson's disease

The neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) has a multifaceted function in the modulation of information processing through the activation of multiple receptor families, including G-protein-coupled receptor subtypes (5-HT1, 5-HT2, 5-HT4-7) and ligand-gated ion channels (5-HT3). The largest population of serotonergic neurons is located in the midbrain, specifically in the raphe nuclei. Although the medial and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) share common projecting areas, in the basal ganglia (BG) nuclei serotonergic innervations come mainly from the DRN. The BG are a highly organized network of subcortical nuclei composed of the striatum (caudate and putamen), subthalamic nucleus (STN), internal and external globus pallidus (or entopeduncular nucleus in rodents, GPi/EP and GPe) and substantia nigra (pars compacta, SNc, and pars reticulata, SNr). The BG are part of the cortico-BG-thalamic circuits, which play a role in many functions like motor control, emotion, and cognition and are critically involved in diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). This review provides an overview of serotonergic modulation of the BG at the functional level and a discussion of how this interaction may be relevant to treating PD and the motor complications induced by chronic treatment with L-DOPA.

Inventario Digital de "La Cartografía Histórica de Euskadi"

En esta obra aparecen descritos 3.391 mapas y planos, localizados en 76 archivos y bibliotecas anteriores a 1.900. Entre ellos se incluyen también algunos que si bien no han podido ser consultados, el equipo investigador consideró de interés dar a conoce su existencia.

Increased antiparkinson efficacy of the combined administration of VEGF- and GDNF-loaded nanospheres in a partial lesion model of Parkinson's disease

Current research efforts are focused on the application of growth factors, such as glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), as neuroregenerative approaches that will prevent the neurodegenerative process in Parkinson's disease. Continuing a previous work published by our research group, and with the aim to overcome different limitations related to growth factor administration, VEGF and GDNF were encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanospheres (NS). This strategy facilitates the combined administration of the VEGF and GDNF into the brain of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) partially lesioned rats, resulting in a continuous and simultaneous drug release. The NS particle size was about 200 nm and the simultaneous addition of VEGF NS and GDNF NS resulted in significant protection of the PC-12 cell line against 6-OHDA in vitro. Once the poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) NS were implanted into the striatum of 6-OHDA partially lesioned rats, the amphetamine rotation behavior test was carried out over 10 weeks, in order to check for in vivo efficacy. The results showed that VEGF NS and GDNF NS significantly decreased the number of amphetamine-induced rotations at the end of the study. In addition, tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemical analysis in the striatum and the external substantia nigra confirmed a significant enhancement of neurons in the VEGF NS and GDNF NS treatment group. The synergistic effect of VEGF NS and GDNF NS allows for a reduction of the dose by half, and may be a valuable neurogenerative/neuroreparative approach for treating Parkinson's disease.

Piper and Vismia Species from Colombian Amazonia Differentially Affect Cell Proliferation of Hepatocarcinoma Cells

There is an increasing interest to identify plant-derived natural products with antitumor activities. In this work, we have studied the effects of aqueous leaf extracts from Amazonian Vismia and Piper species on human hepatocarcinoma cell toxicity. Results showed that, depending on the cell type, the plants displayed differential effects; thus, Vismia baccifera induced the selective killing of HepG2, while increasing cell growth of PLC-PRF and SK-HEP-1. In contrast, these two last cell lines were sensitive to the toxicity by Piper krukoffii and Piper putumayoense, while the Piperaceae did not affect HepG2 growth. All the extracts induced cytotoxicity to rat hepatoma McA-RH7777, but were innocuous (V. baccifera at concentrations < 75 mu g/mL) or even protected cells from basal death (P. putumayoense) in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. In every case, cytotoxicity was accompanied by an intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These results provide evidence for the anticancer activities of the studied plants on specific cell lines and suggest that cell killing could be mediated by ROS, thus involving mechanisms independent of the plants free radical scavenging activities. Results also support the use of these extracts of the Vismia and Piper genera with opposite effects as a model system to study the mechanisms of the antitumoral activity against different types of hepatocarcinoma.