The Role of the Subthalamic Nucleus in L-DOPA Induced Dyskinesia in 6-Hydroxydopamine Lesioned Rats

14 p.

Programa fomento de la deportividad y prevención de la violencia en el deporte escolar

La presente documentación recoge una propuesta de intervención, complementaria al programa “Deportividad y Violencia en el Fútbol Base” del Consejo Superior de Deportes (03/SAL30/04 y 03/SAL30/05) que durante cuatro años se ha realizado en la Provincia de Álava. En este proyecto, gracias al apoyo de la Diputación Foral de Álava, se ha pretendido implicar a la mayoría de agentes (profesores de Educación Física, entrenadores, padres/madres, árbitros, representantes institucionales, deportistas de élite, medios de comunicación) que de manera directa o indirecta rodean a los jóvenes deportistas en los contextos deportivos escolares. Además, señalar que las actuaciones propuestas en el programa que se presenta, se fundamentan en el Programa multicomponente “Juguemos Limpio en el Deporte Base”, dirigido desde el Departamento de Psicología y Sociología de la Universidad de Zaragoza.

Deportividad y violencia en el fútbol base: un programa de evaluación y de prevención de partidos de riesgo

Este trabajo ha recibido el “Primer Premio Delegación del Gobierno en Aragón a las buenas prácticas contra la delincuencia juvenil” (Convocatoria 2007).

Las empresas españolas ante la innovación

El objetivo de este artículo es identificar las principales dificultades a las que se enfrentan las empresas españolas a la hora de realizar actividades de innovación, para con posterioridad tratar de determinar qué características tienen aquellas empresas que mayores dificultades muestran a la hora de emprender dichas actividades. Para realizar este estudio se han utilizado estadísticas basadas en la Encuesta sobre Innovación de las Empresas del año 2009 pertenecientes al Panel de Investigación Tecnológica (PITEC). De entre las dificultades a las que han de hacer frente las empresas destacan el factor coste y el de la financiación. Del análisis realizado se puede concluir que existen características comunes entre aquellas empresas que encuentran mayores dificultades a la hora de emprender actividades innovadoras y serían las siguientes: empresas que operan en un mercado local o autonómico, que no pertenecen a ningún grupo empresarial y que no son de nueva creación.

Localización gráfica de los expedientes patrimoniales de Vitoria en el AHPA

Direcciones de correo electrónico de las autoras: amaya999@hotmail.com ; nagores@hotmail.es

ATP Antagonizes Thrombin-Induced Signal Transduction through 12(S)-HETE and cAMP

15 p.

Papel de las GTPasas de la familia rho en la señalización mediada por el receptor P2X7

El objetivo de este proyecto es estudiar la señalización del receptor P2X7 en respuesta a ATP en macrófagos J774A.1 y en células CHO K1. Para ello, se subclonó el gen que codifica para la proteína P2X7 en el vector PMT2 HA AA. Este plásmido fue transfectado a células CHO K1, J774.A1 y HEK 293T para distintas pruebas como la movilización de calcio intracelular para comprobar si ambos tipos celulares muestran la misma señal, y además se miró la expresión de este receptor y si su activación mediada por ATP se traduce en la activación de proteínas de la familia Rho. Se ha visto que las J774A.1 expresan funcionalmente el receptor P2X7, mientras que las CHO K1 muestran una respuesta funcional diferente que no se corresponde con la clásica señalización del P2X7 asociado a la apertura del canal y posterior poro. Además, al expresar el receptor en celúlas HEK 293T, se ha visto de una manera indirecta, midiendo la fosforilación de PAK, que la ruta de rac se regula de forma positiva cuando se activa el receptor P2X7 en macrófagos.

Inventario Digital de Cartografía Histórica de Álava

A través de este inventario se pretende facilitar la información y el acceso de los investigadores a la documentación cartográfica antigua de cualquier parte del territorio histórico alavés.

Activación de aldehídos a,b-insaturados mediante aminocatálisis en procesos enantioselectivos. Cicloadiciones (3+2) y reacciones en cascada Michael/Henry

During the research that it is summarized in the present memory, the activation of enals via iminium ion catalysis in different transformations has been studied. Firstly, a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between stable azomethine ylides and a,b-unsaturated aldehydes catalyzed by a chiral imidazolidinone derivative has been optimized. Employing this methodology we have synthesized a large range of densely substituted pyrroloisoquinolines and pyrrolophthalazines with good yields and high values of diastereo- and enantioselectivity. Moreover, a mechanistic study has been carried out based on DFT calculations and experimental data which have allowed us to propose that the (3+2) cycloaddition reaction follows a sequential Michael addition/Mannich cyclization pathway. The formation of the iminium ion as a result of the condensation between the a,b-unsaturated aldehyde and the catalyst plays an essential role, regarding both reactivity and stereoselectivity. On the other hand we have developed a methodology to carry out a cascade Michael/Henry reaction followed by a sequential dehydration. Starting from simple substrates (2-nitromethylacrilates and a,b-unsaturated aldehydes) and employing a prolinol-derivative catalyst a series of quiral nitrocyclohexadienes have been synthesized.

Role of G protein coupled inwardly rectifier K+ channels (GIRK) on the neurobiology depression

353 págs.

Downscaling of surface moisture flux and precipitation in the Ebro Valley (Spain) using analogues and analogues followed by random forests and multiple linear regression

In this paper, reanalysis fields from the ECMWF have been statistically downscaled to predict from large-scale atmospheric fields, surface moisture flux and daily precipitation at two observatories (Zaragoza and Tortosa, Ebro Valley, Spain) during the 1961-2001 period. Three types of downscaling models have been built: (i) analogues, (ii) analogues followed by random forests and (iii) analogues followed by multiple linear regression. The inputs consist of data (predictor fields) taken from the ERA-40 reanalysis. The predicted fields are precipitation and surface moisture flux as measured at the two observatories. With the aim to reduce the dimensionality of the problem, the ERA-40 fields have been decomposed using empirical orthogonal functions. Available daily data has been divided into two parts: a training period used to find a group of about 300 analogues to build the downscaling model (1961-1996) and a test period (19972001), where models' performance has been assessed using independent data. In the case of surface moisture flux, the models based on analogues followed by random forests do not clearly outperform those built on analogues plus multiple linear regression, while simple averages calculated from the nearest analogues found in the training period, yielded only slightly worse results. In the case of precipitation, the three types of model performed equally. These results suggest that most of the models' downscaling capabilities can be attributed to the analogues-calculation stage.

The locus coeruleus Is Directly Implicated in L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinsonian Rats: An Electrophysiological and Behavioural Study

Despite being the most effective treatment for Parkinson's disease, L-DOPA causes a development of dyskinetic movements in the majority of treated patients. L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia is attributed to a dysregulated dopamine transmission within the basal ganglia, but serotonergic and noradrenergic systems are believed to play an important modulatory role. In this study, we have addressed the role of the locus coeruleus nucleus (LC) in a rat model of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Single-unit extracellular recordings in vivo and behavioural and immunohistochemical approaches were applied in rats rendered dyskinetic by the destruction of the nigrostriatal dopamine neurons followed by chronic treatment with L-DOPA. The results showed that L-DOPA treatment reversed the change induced by 6-hydroxydopamine lesions on LC neuronal activity. The severity of the abnormal involuntary movements induced by L-DOPA correlated with the basal firing parameters of LC neuronal activity. Systemic administration of the LC-selective noradrenergic neurotoxin N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine did not modify axial, limb, and orolingual dyskinesia, whereas chemical destruction of the LC with ibotenic acid significantly increased the abnormal involuntary movement scores. These results are the first to demonstrate altered LC neuronal activity in 6-OHDA lesioned rats treated with L-DOPA, and indicate that an intact noradrenergic system may limit the severity of this movement disorder.

Clinical factors associated with a Candida albicans Germ Tube Antibody positive test in Intensive Care Unit patients

Background: Poor outcomes of invasive candidiasis (IC) are associated with the difficulty in establishing the microbiological diagnosis at an early stage. New scores and laboratory tests have been developed in order to make an early therapeutic intervention in an attempt to reduce the high mortality associated with invasive fungal infections. Candida albicans IFA IgG has been recently commercialized for germ tube antibody detection (CAGTA). This test provides a rapid and simple diagnosis of IC (84.4% sensitivity and 94.7% specificity). The aim of this study is to identify the patients who could be benefited by the use of CAGTA test in critical care setting. Methods: A prospective, cohort, observational multicentre study was carried out in six medical/surgical Intensive care units (ICU) of tertiary-care Spanish hospitals. Candida albicans Germ Tube Antibody test was performed twice a week if predetermined risk factors were present, and serologically demonstrated candidiasis was considered if the testing serum dilution was >= 1: 160 in at least one sample and no other microbiological evidence of invasive candidiasis was found. Results: Fifty-three critically ill non-neutropenic patients (37.7% post surgery) were included. Twenty-two patients (41.5%) had CAGTA-positive results, none of them with positive blood culture for Candida. Neither corrected colonization index nor antifungal treatment had influence on CAGTA results. This finding could corroborate that the CAGTA may be an important biomarker to distinguish between colonization and infection in these patients. The presence of acute renal failure at the beginning of the study was more frequent in CAGTA-negative patients. Previous surgery was statistically more frequent in CAGTA-positive patients. Conclusions: This study identified previous surgery as the principal clinical factor associated with CAGTA-positive results and emphasises the utility of this promising technique, which was not influenced by high Candida colonization or antifungal treatment. Our results suggest that detection of CAGTA may be important for the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis in surgical patients admitted in ICU.

Los glacis de la cuenca de Miranda de Ebro (Burgos): significado climático y evolución geomorfológica

[ES] En este trabajo se analizan los glacis de la Cuenca de Miranda, en la que constituyen una de las morfologías de mayor relevancia paisajística. Se han establecido dos niveles de glacis cuyas características topográficas, morfológicas y sedimentológicas se integran plenamente dentro de los rasgos propios de estas morfologías. El significado ambiental de estas formaciones y su correlación con los depósitos aluviales del Ebro, han permitido establecer un marco cronológico para ambos niveles, asociando su génesis a los estadios isotópicos 2 y 4, y todo ello dentro de un marco regional coherente.