More than one language in the brain

Boeckx C., M.C. Horno & J.L. Mendívil (Eds.)

ENEKuS – a key model for managing the transformation of the normalisation of the Basque language in the workplace

The aim of this study is to develop a reference model for intervention in the language processes applied to the transformation of language normalisation within organisations of a socio-economic nature. It is based on the case study of an experience carried out over10 years within a trades’ union confederation, and has pursued a strategy of a basically qualitative research carried out in three stages: 1) undertaking field work through application of action-research methodology, 2) reconstructing experiences following processes of systematisation and conceptualisation of the systematised data, applying methodologies for the Systematisation of Experiences and Grounded Theory, and 3) formulating a model for intervention, applying the Systems Approach methodology. Finally, we identified nine key ideas that make up the conceptual framework for the ENEKuS reference model, which is structured in nine ‘action points', each having an operating sub-model applicable in practice.

Bilingual Dictionary Drafting. The Example of German-Basque, a Medium-density Language Pair

Edited by Andrea Abel, Chiara Vettori, Natascia Ralli.

Experimental Economics Meets Language Choice

Roughly one half of World's languages are in danger of extinction. The endangered languages, spoken by minorities, typically compete with powerful languages such as En- glish or Spanish. Consequently, the speakers of minority languages have to consider that not everybody can speak their language, converting the language choice into strategic,coordination-like situation. We show experimentally that the displacement of minority languages may be partially explained by the imperfect information about the linguistic type of the partner, leading to frequent failure to coordinate on the minority language even between two speakers who can and prefer to use it. The extent of miscoordination correlates with how minoritarian a language is and with the real-life linguistic condition of subjects: the more endangered a language the harder it is to coordinate on its use, and people on whom the language survival relies the most acquire behavioral strategies that lower its use. Our game-theoretical treatment of the issue provides a new perspective for linguistic policies.

On innate and specific aspects of human language

Mixel Aurnague, Kepa Korta and Jesus M. Larrazabal (eds.)

A Brief Grammar of Euskara, the Basque Language

This is a short grammar of the Basque language, or Euskara as it is called by its speakers. What follows is a partial description of the syntax of Euskara. The text has been arranged in the following fashion: there is an index where you can find the distribution of topics. Within each of the topics, an effort has been made to arrange information from general to specific, so that as you read into a given section, you will get into more details about the topic being under discussion. This grammar hopes to be useful to a wide variety of users. Therefore, it will probably not satisfy anyone completely: Those who want a quick 'feel' for the language will be disappointed by the slow and messy details the text dives into. Those who want a detailed, professional description will be disappointed by the lack of depth in the discussion. The text hopes to sit somewhere in the middle, and if it tells too much to those who want to know a little, and too little to those who want to know a lot, then it will have done its job.

The role of syllables in sign language production

The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional role of syllables in sign language and how the different phonological combinations influence sign production. Moreover, the influence of age of acquisition was evaluated. Deaf signers (native and non-native) of Catalan Signed Language (LSC) were asked in a picture-sign interference task to sign picture names while ignoring distractor-signs with which they shared two phonological parameters (out of three of the main sign parameters: Location, Movement, and Handshape). The results revealed a different impact of the three phonological combinations. While no effect was observed for the phonological combination Handshape-Location, the combination Handshape-Movement slowed down signing latencies, but only in the non-native group. A facilitatory effect was observed for both groups when pictures and distractors shared Location-Movement. Importantly, linguistic models have considered this phonological combination to be a privileged unit in the composition of signs, as syllables are in spoken languages. Thus, our results support the functional role of syllable units during phonological articulation in sign language production.

A Game-Theoreteic Analysis of Minority Language Use in Multilingual Societies

This chapter studies multilingual democratic societies with highly developed economies. These societies are assumed to have two languages with official status: language A, spoken by every individual, and language B, spoken by the bilingual minority. We emphasize that language rights are important, but the survival of the minority language B depends mainly on the actual use bilinguals make of B. The purpose of the present chapter is to study some of the factors affecting the bilingual speakers language choice behaviour. Our view is that languages with their speech communities compete for speakers just as fi rms compete for market share. Thus, the con ict among the minority languages in these societies does not take the rough expressions such as those studied in Desmet et al. (2012). Here the con flict is more subtle. We model highly plausible language choice situations by means of choice procedures and non-cooperative games, each with different types of information. We then study the determinants of the bilinguals ' strategic behaviour with regard to language. We observe that the bilinguals' use of B is shaped, essentially, by linguistic conventions and social norms that are developed in situations of language contact.

Frame-level features conveying phonetic information for language and speaker recognition

150 p.

Efecto de la suplementación oral con monohidrato de creatina en la capacidad de sprint en jugadores de fútbol sala

Propósito: Esta investigación examina los efectos de la suplementación con creatina en los esfuerzos de alta intensidad no prolongados en el tiempo, más concretamente en la posible mejora de la capacidad de sprint en jugadores de fútbol sala. Método: el estudio está diseñado con formato doble ciego. Se ha realizado a 10 jugadores varones integrantes de un equipo de fútbol sala, unas mediciones antropométricas (masa total y estatura) y unas pruebas que miden su rendimiento, estrechamente relacionadas con la capacidad de “sprint” (Squat Jump, Counter Movement Jump y Sprint de 20 metros de distancia lanzado).Después de esta primera recogida de datos, los jugadores han sido incluidos en un grupo que ha sido suplementado con CREATINA, o en un grupo PLACEBO. Ambos grupos tomaron durante 6 días, 20 gramos de producto, y una vez finalizado este periodo, se repitieron de nuevo tanto las mediciones antropométricas, como las pruebas de rendimiento. Concluidas estas segundas mediciones, comenzaron a tomar únicamente 5 gramos diarios durante 28 días, y de nuevo, una vez acabado este periodo, se repitieron las pruebas y mediciones. Resultados: No ha habido diferencias significativas que muestren cambios del IMC en ninguno de los dos grupos. Si existen mejoras significativas en las pruebas de rendimiento de las segundas mediciones respecto a las primeras, pero no son achacables a la ingesta de monohidrato de creatina, ya que sujetos de ambos grupos han mejorado. Conclusión: la creatina no ha mejorado la capacidad de sprint de estos deportistas. IDIOMA: ESPAÑOL.

Intercultural Management and Leadership in the Context of Language Academies

Throughout this undergraduate thesis, a study of intercultural management and leadership will be carried out with a special focus on language academies. We begin by analyzing the importance of cultural values and their effects on the perception of a leader. We then study the role of Strategic Human Resources Management in an intercultural environment. Finally, as an original contribution to this thesis, an investigation is performed that examines three local language academies and their management practices. After reviewing the findings, we hope to propose a sort of ‘best practices’ for language academies that could lead to a more harmonious relationship between teachers and their managers.

El perfil criminológico en las fases de investigación y juicio oral. Un estudio de caso filicidio

Posibilidades de ayuda del perfil criminológico en el descubrimiento, identificación y captura del delincuente en el ámbito policial y forense judicial. Realización de un perfil criminológico acerca de un caso enjuiciado en la Audiencia Provincial de Gipuzkoa.

Aproximación al lenguaje femenino en la prensa escrita (revistas del corazón) y en el registro oral

Inmersión en el uso femenino del lenguaje a través del análisis de diversos artículos (bibliográficos, periodísticos), documentos y encuestas.