Fischereiökonomie im Institut für Seefischerei - Überlegungen für zukünftige Forschungsaktivitäten

With the assignment of the head of the fisheries economics working group at the Institute of Sea Fisheries three from four envisioned positions are now filled. Responsibilities will range from data collection and processing to bio-economic modeling, value adding of the fishing sector, and the assessment of economic consequences of climate change. This also includes general advisory responsibilities on the national and international level.

Verringerung der Dorschbeifänge in der Schleppnetzfischerei auf Plattfische mit einem im Oberblatt reduziertem Grundschleppnetz

Trials with the “topless” version (with reduced upper panel) of the bottom trawl resulted in a 63 % reduction of cod bycatch in numbers, compared to the complete trawl. Flounder catches increased by 120 % on average. Further modification of the net opening height to optimize the trawl performance are underway.

Kommentar zum Worm-et-al.-Artikel„Impacts of Biodiversity Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services“: erschienen im Wissenschaftsmagazin Science, Vol. 314, am 3. November 2006

Folgende Kernbehauptungen bzw. Hypothesen werden in dem Worm-et-al.-Artikel aufgestellt: -Der Verlust an Biodiversität (Artenzahl) in einem Meeresgebiet reduziert tief greifend seine Produktivität und seine Stabilität in Stressperioden, hervorgerufen u.a. durch Überfischung und Klimaänderung. -Die Zahl der kollabierten Arten nimmt zu. Dieser Trend projeziert den Kollaps aller wildlebenden Arten und Bestände, die gegenwärtig befischt werden, auf das Jahr 2048. -Diese Entwicklung ist zum gegenwärtigen Zeitpunkt reversibel, denn das Meer besitzt noch ein großes Potential sich zu regenerieren. Dazu ist aber mehr Umweltschutz notwendig.

Raumordnung in der AWZ: Mittlere Anlandungen der deutschen und internationalen Fischereiflotten aus deutschen Nordseegewässern im Zeitraum von 2000 bis 2004

The pressure of users other than shipping and fishery on the national EEZs for territorial claims has increased in recent years. So it becomes necessary to carry out a spatial planning for which all users have to indicate their recent and planned future activities. For the German waters in the North Sea a first attempt was made to calculate the mean international landings for the commercially important fish and crustacean species on the spatial scale of ICES-rectangles. The relationships between the German and international landings per species are listed in a table and the distribution of the landings for each species within the area are shown in 13 figures.

Zweikampf im Wattenmeer : Wird die heimische Miesmuschel verdrängt?

Since a couple of years, the introduced Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) is spreading out in the Wadden Sea off the German North Sea coast where it competes with the native blue mussel (Mytilus edulis). First catches of the new species have now been observed in fishing surveys.

Evaluierung der historischen Daten der deutschen Larvensurveys im Hauptlaichgebiet des Herings der westlichen Ostsee

The results of the time series of larvae surveys in the main spawning area of the western Baltic Sea spring spawning herring were evaluated. The quality of the recruitment index N 30 was studied. The raw data of 1977 to 1987 have got lost. In 1988 and 1989 the data for the estimation of the recruitment index are biased. Only since 1990 the basic data can be considered reliable.

Die Fischerei im Nordostatlantik im Jahre 2004

Since 1990 North-east Atlantic fish species – arctic cod, saithe, haddock, redfish and Greenland halibut – have been investigated by on-board observers on the German commercial trawler FMS Kiel. These investigations are part of the national data collection regulation established by the European Union in recent years. Collected data are basic data for the scientific assessment of these important fish stocks of the European fisheries. The results of the observed cruises are used by the Arctic Fisheries Working Group of the International Council for the Exploration of the Seas (ICES). Biological investigations were carried out in Norwegian waters and the Barents Sea (ICES Divisions IIa and IIb) on board FMS Kiel in January to March and in August/September 2004. This report presents results of these cruises and an overview about the general fishery situation in 2004.

Bestandskundliche Untersuchungen an wirtschaftlich wichtigen Grundfischbeständen im Nordost-Atlantik

For many years the assessments of the commercially most important demersal fish stocks of cod, haddock, saithe, redfish and Greenland halibut have annually been carried out by the "Arctic Fisheries Working Group" of ICES. The most important results of the actual assessment are given in this report. It shows that the gadoid stocks of cod, haddock and saithe are in good and stable conditions and that the stocks are harvested within safe biological limits. The stocks of redfish and Greenland halibut are still at a low level and outside safe biological limits. Greenland halibut shows a slightly positive trend in spawning stock biomass, several year-classes and recruitment.

Zustand und Entwicklung ausgewählter Fischbestände Einschätzung und Empfehlungen des ICES im Jahr 2004

The state of North Atlantic, Baltic Sea and North Sea commercially exploited fish stocks are assessed annually by the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). Estimates of the stock size (biomass), recruitment, landings, current exploitation rates and of future harvesting possibilities are provided for those stocks where sufficient information is available to conduct a full analytical assessment. For all other stocks, only landings and stock trends can be given. This paper presents the development of north-east Atlantic fish stocks which are of general or specific interest for the German fishery and fish industry. Generally, it may be concluded that most pelagic fish stocks, such as herring, sprat, mackerel, and blue whiting, are in good condition, while the majority of the demersal stocks, like cod, plaice or whiting are in critical state. There are, however, a number of remarkable exceptions to this pattern.

Aktivitäten des nationalen Fischereidatenerhebungsprogramms im Jahr 2004

Based on the EU Regulation 1543/2000 for the improvement of quantity and quality of fishery data the Federal Ministry for Consumer Protection, Food and Agriculture has initiated a national data collection programme, executed by three institutions, Federal Research Centre for Fisheries (BFAFi), Federal Agency for Ariculture and Food and the Federal Research Centre Agriculture, co-ordinated by BFAFi. In 2004 samples have been taken from 943 hauls during 29 commercial fishing trips; 357 000 fish have been measured. From 2002 to 2004 the number of length and weight and measurements, and age determinations could increased by 32, 65 and 156 % resp. Pilot inquiries have been carried out to prepare also the collection of economical date of fishing vessels and of fish processing plants from 2006.

Fischereisituation, Probennahme und Zustand der Nutzfischbestände im Nordostatlantik im Jahre 2002

NE-arctic cod, saithe, haddock, redfish and Greenland halibut are important fish stocks of the European fisheries. In many European countries national data sampling projects on commercial fisheries have been established in recent years. Since 1990 German investigations in the NE-Atlantic have been mainly carried out on the commercial trawler FMS KIEL. The results of these sea samplings are used as German basic data for stock assessments of the “Arctic Fisheries Working Group” of the International Council for the Exploration of the Seas (ICES). Biological investigations were carried out in Norwegian waters, the Svalbard area and the Barents Sea (ICES Divisions I, IIa and IIb) on board FMS KIEL in March and October/November 2002. This report presents results of these cruises and an overview over the general fishery situation in 2002. Finally, results and recommendations on the scientific stock assessments of cod, saithe, haddock, redfishand Greenland halibut are reported.

Die Fangmengen an Nordseegarnelen und fischereilicher Aufwand im europäischen Vergleich - Langzeitserien und saisonale Übersicht

Among other tasks the “Working Group on Crangon Fisheries and Life Cycle” of the “International Council for the Exploration of the Sea” collects data on landings and effort in the North Sea brown shrimp fisheries by country. Landings per unit effort data are calculated and all are compared on basis of long-term series as well as on seasonal basis. The development for each country is described and compared for the year 2001 to the ten-year average from 1992 to 2001 were possible, as some data are missing especially for the Netherlands. While the Dutch and British fleets increased their landings substantially in 2001 compared to the previous years, Danish,German and Belgian fishermen had reduced landings. There are regional differences in fishing pattern between the countries, especially Denmark versus the rest of Europe. Effort measures remain incomparable between the countries, and fluctuations in landings per unit effort data seem to be in a normal biological range, giving no reason for concern at present for the situation of brown shrimp stocks in the North Sea. An improvement of the data basis is required and possibly achievable by the EU logbook system being in force for brown shrimp fisheries as well.

Entweicht Radioaktivität aus den Abfallfässern im nordostatlantischen Versenkungsgebiet?

Radioactivity measured in samples from the NEA-Dumping-Site not only emanated from dumped barrels. Just as everywhere on the world also fallout from former nuclear weapon tests can be found there. Radionuclides which can emanate from different sources do not tell anything about their origin. To assess the fractions from various sources activity ratios from radionuclides can be used. There are different activity ratios for fallout and for waste from peaceful nuclear power engeneering. The comparison of the ratios of the plutonium isotopes Pu-238 and the sum of Pu-239 and Pu-240 (Pu-238/Pu-239,240) in benthic samples from the dumping site and from reference sites without waste dumping gives a clear hint. In the sampling period from 1980 to 2000 for samples from the dumping site this ratio increases significantly from 1986 on. Radioactivity emanating from the dumped barrels is regarded as causing this.

Farbstoffgehalte in Lachsersatzprodukten aus Seelachs und Alaska-Seelachs und Veränderungen bei Lagerung im Kühlschrank

Heavy salted and brightly red coloured slices and cuttings of saithe and Alaska pollock (in German called: Lachsersatz) have a long tradition on the German market and a high consumer acceptability. The food colours E 110 and E 124 are used to produce the typical red colour of these products. An allowable limit of 500 mg/kg has been set for the sum of both colours but data on the actual concentrations are missing. In this study the results of colour measurements of various market samples are presented. Furthermore a study was undertaken to determine possiblechanges in colour concentrations during storage of typical products thereof in an house hold refrigerator.

Zustand und Entwicklung ausgewählter Fischbestände: Einschätzung des ICES im Frühjahr 2003

During the spring session of the ICES Advisory Committee for Fisheries Management (ACFM) 48 stocks assessed by 7 Working Groups have been analyzed and reviewed, among these all herring stocks in the ICES area, blue whiting and most demersal stocks in the Baltic, Arctic and North-Western area. As in previous years, ICES recommends a reduction in fishing mortality for a number of stocks or even the establishment of recovery and management plans, to safeguard a continuous development of the stocks towards safe biological limits. ICES recommended a 90% reduction of the cod fishery in the Baltic Sea, while most of the herring stocks are in good condition.