Aproximaciones y Procedimientos Creativos en los Procesos de Aprendizaje-Des_aprendizaje Proyectual

Se aborda como objetivo una reflexión operativa sobre los actos creativos en el proyecto de arquitectura investigando los procedimientos que intervienen recurrentemente en los procesos del aprendizaje y proyectación. Aprendizaje entendido como actitud ininterrumpida en el discurso del creador, estado inacabado, en constante evolución, continuo, no suscrito al momento particular, como situación connatural al hecho creativo. El marco epistemológico de la Creatividad y sus técnicas asociadas en constante aplicación en otras disciplinas se desvela como un sustrato gnoseológico referencial para el entendimiento de los procesos de génesis y producción del proyecto y su aprendizaje. Se inscribe la investigación de la tesis en una doble línea de pensamiento lógico-racional y lógico-intuitivo, mediante inferencias de naturaleza deductiva, inductiva y abductiva. Se busca suscitar un interés por la creatividad que contribuya a extender el campo de investigación sobre cómo se genera y se produce la arquitectura y su aplicación al aprendizaje. Proponemos la elaboración de una cartografía taxonómica de procedimientos creativos en el proyectar, de tal manera que nos conduzca hacia la enunciación de una Metaheurística de la Creatividad. Metaheurística que contenga el mapa operativo de Procedimientos y de sus Metaprincipios de aplicación a distintos entornos y problemas, con capacidad de respuesta adaptativa en todos los estados divergentes del proceso. Cartografía, en definitiva, de relaciones más que de sistematizaciones. Este mapa creativo estará formado por 9 Procedimientos resultado de 9 aproximaciones que constituyen 9 Lógicas de acción y razonamiento, en unas condiciones de campo hologramáticas. Enfocadas hacia una nueva actitud creativa, desprejuiciada, atenta a los flujos transdisciplinares, regida indistintamente por el azar y el rigor, expansiva y condensadora, múltiple y poliédrica, abierta e inconclusa, lúdica y frívola, automática e impredecible. Actitud creativa que actúa con lógicas procedimentales relacionales, siempre en constante redefinición, alejadas de toda teorización, sin constituir un meta-relato, más como gestión de información que como dispositivo disciplinar: abductiva, analógica, sinéctica, metafórica, difusa, azarosa, suspendida, divergente y des_aprendida. ABSTRACT Abstract: An operative reflection is approached as aim on the creative acts in the project of architecture, investigating the procedures involved recursively in the processes of learning and project. Learning understood as uninterrupted attitude in the speech of the creator, in unfinished condition, in constant evolution, continuous, not signed to the particular moment, as inherent to the creative fact. The epistemological framework of the Creativity and its techniques associated in constant application in other disciplines is revealed as a referential gnoseologic substratum for the understanding of the processes of genesis and production of the project and his learning. The investigation of the thesis registers in a double line of logical - rational and logical - intuitive thought, by means of inferences of deductive, inductive and abductive nature. One seeks to arouse an interest in the creativity that will help to extend the field of investigation on how it is generated and produces the architecture and its application to the learning. We propose the elaboration of a taxonomic mapping creative procedures in the project, in such a way to lead us towards the enunciation of a Metaheuristic of creativity. Metaheuristic that contains containing the operative map of Procedures and their Metaprinciples of application to different environments and problems, with capacity of adaptive response in all the divergent conditions of the process. Cartography, definitively, of relationships rather than of systematizings. The map of procedures will be formed by 9 procedures as result of 9 approaches that constitute 9 logics of action and reasoning, in hologramatics conditions of field. Focused on a new creative attitude, ideologically unbiased, attentive to transdisciplinary flows, governed either by random and rigor, expansive and condenser, multiple and multifaceted, open and unfinished, playful and frivolous, automatic and unpredictable. Creative attitude that acts with procedural relational logics, always in constant redefinition, away from all theorizing, without being a meta-relate, more like information that discipline as device management: abductive, analogical, synectical, metaphorical, diffuse, randomness, suspended, divergent and mis_learnt.

Performance of a transmutation advanced device for sustainable energy application

Preliminary studies have been performed to design a device for nuclear waste transmutation and hydrogen generation based on a gas-cooled pebble bed accelerator driven system, TADSEA (Transmutation Advanced Device for Sustainable Energy Application). In previous studies we have addressed the viability of an ADS Transmutation device that uses as fuel wastes from the existing LWR power plants, encapsulated in graphite in the form of pebble beds, cooled by helium which enables high temperatures (in the order of 1200 K), to generate hydrogen from water either by high temperature electrolysis or by thermochemical cycles. For designing this device several configurations were studied, including several reflectors thickness, to achieve the desired parameters, the transmutation of nuclear waste and the production of 100 MW of thermal power. In this paper new studies performed on deep burn in-core fuel management strategy for LWR waste are presented. The fuel cycle on TADSEA device has been analyzed based on both: driven and transmutation fuel that had been proposed by the General Atomic design of a gas turbine-modular helium reactor. The transmutation results of the three fuel management strategies, using driven, transmutation and standard LWR spent fuel were compared, and several parameters describing the neutron performance of TADSEA nuclear core as the fuel and moderator temperature reactivity coefficients and transmutation chain, are also presented

An online e-Learning authoring tool to create interactive multi-device learning objects using e-Infrastructure resources

Education can take advantage of e-Infrastructures to provide teachers with new opportunities to increase students' motivation and engagement while they learn. Nevertheless, teachers need to find, integrate and customize the resources provided by e-Infrastructures in an easy way. This paper presents ViSH Editor, an innovative web-based e-Learning authoring tool that aims to allow teachers to create new learning objects using e-Infrastructure resources. These new learning objects are called Virtual Excursions and are created as reusable, granular and interoperable learning objects. This way they can be reused to build new ones and they can be integrated in websites or Learning Management Systems. Details about the design, development and the tool itself are explained in this paper as well as the concept, structure and metadata of the new learning objects. Lastly, some real examples of how to enrich learning using Virtual Excursions are exposed.

Application of low cost technology for the management of irrigation in organic orchards

Throughout history, humans have cyclically return to their old traditions such as the organic orchards. Nowadays, these have been integrated into the modern cities and could supply fresh vegetables to the daily food improving human health. Organic orchards grow crops without pesticides and artificial fertilizers thus, they are respectful with the environment and guarantee the food's safety . In modern society, the application of new technology is a must, in this case to obtain an efficient irrigation. In order to monitor a proper irrigation and save water and energy, soil water content probes are used to measure soil water content. Among them, capacitive probes ,monitored with a specific data logger, are typically used. Most of them, specially the data loggers, are expensive and in many cases are not used. In this work, we have applied the open hardware Arduino to build and program a low cost datalogger for the programming of irrigation in an experimental organic orchard. Results showed that the application of such as low cost technology, which is easily available in the market and easy to understand, everyone can built and program its own device helping in managing water resources in organic orchards .

Contribution towards intelligent service management in wearable and ubiquitous devices

Hoy en día asistimos a un creciente interés por parte de la sociedad hacia el cuidado de la salud. Esta afirmación viene apoyada por dos realidades. Por una parte, el aumento de las prácticas saludables (actividad deportiva, cuidado de la alimentación, etc.). De igual manera, el auge de los dispositivos inteligentes (relojes, móviles o pulseras) capaces de medir distintos parámetros físicos como el pulso cardíaco, el ritmo respiratorio, la distancia recorrida, las calorías consumidas, etc. Combinando ambos factores (interés por el estado de salud y disponibilidad comercial de dispositivos inteligentes) están surgiendo multitud de aplicaciones capaces no solo de controlar el estado actual de salud, también de recomendar al usuario cambios de hábitos que lleven hacia una mejora en su condición física. En este contexto, los llamados dispositivos llevables (weareables) unidos al paradigma de Internet de las cosas (IoT, del inglés Internet of Things) permiten la aparición de nuevos nichos de mercado para aplicaciones que no solo se centran en la mejora de la condición física, ya que van más allá proponiendo soluciones para el cuidado de pacientes enfermos, la vigilancia de niños o ancianos, la defensa y la seguridad, la monitorización de agentes de riesgo (como bomberos o policías) y un largo etcétera de aplicaciones por llegar. El paradigma de IoT se puede desarrollar basándose en las existentes redes de sensores inalámbricos (WSN, del inglés Wireless Sensor Network). La conexión de los ya mencionados dispositivos llevables a estas redes puede facilitar la transición de nuevos usuarios hacia aplicaciones IoT. Pero uno de los problemas intrínsecos a estas redes es su heterogeneidad. En efecto, existen multitud de sistemas operativos, protocolos de comunicación, plataformas de desarrollo, soluciones propietarias, etc. El principal objetivo de esta tesis es realizar aportaciones significativas para solucionar no solo el problema de la heterogeneidad, sino también de dotar de mecanismos de seguridad suficientes para salvaguardad la integridad de los datos intercambiados en este tipo de aplicaciones. Algo de suma importancia ya que los datos médicos y biométricos de los usuarios están protegidos por leyes nacionales y comunitarias. Para lograr dichos objetivos, se comenzó con la realización de un completo estudio del estado del arte en tecnologías relacionadas con el marco de investigación (plataformas y estándares para WSNs e IoT, plataformas de implementación distribuidas, dispositivos llevables y sistemas operativos y lenguajes de programación). Este estudio sirvió para tomar decisiones de diseño fundamentadas en las tres contribuciones principales de esta tesis: un bus de servicios para dispositivos llevables (WDSB, Wearable Device Service Bus) basado en tecnologías ya existentes tales como ESB, WWBAN, WSN e IoT); un protocolo de comunicaciones inter-dominio para dispositivos llevables (WIDP, Wearable Inter-Domain communication Protocol) que integra en una misma solución protocolos capaces de ser implementados en dispositivos de bajas capacidades (como lo son los dispositivos llevables y los que forman parte de WSNs); y finalmente, la tercera contribución relevante es una propuesta de seguridad para WSN basada en la aplicación de dominios de confianza. Aunque las contribuciones aquí recogidas son de aplicación genérica, para su validación se utilizó un escenario concreto de aplicación: una solución para control de parámetros físicos en entornos deportivos, desarrollada dentro del proyecto europeo de investigación “LifeWear”. En este escenario se desplegaron todos los elementos necesarios para validar las contribuciones principales de esta tesis y, además, se realizó una aplicación para dispositivos móviles por parte de uno de los socios del proyecto (lo que contribuyó con una validación externa de la solución). En este escenario se usaron dispositivos llevables tales como un reloj inteligente, un teléfono móvil con sistema operativo Android y un medidor del ritmo cardíaco inalámbrico capaz de obtener distintos parámetros fisiológicos del deportista. Sobre este escenario se realizaron diversas pruebas de validación mediante las cuales se obtuvieron resultados satisfactorios. ABSTRACT Nowadays, society is shifting towards a growing interest and concern on health care. This phenomenon can be acknowledged by two facts: first, the increasing number of people practising some kind of healthy activity (sports, balanced diet, etc.). Secondly, the growing number of commercial wearable smart devices (smartwatches or bands) able to measure physiological parameters such as heart rate, breathing rate, distance or consumed calories. A large number of applications combining both facts are appearing. These applications are not only able to monitor the health status of the user, but also to provide recommendations about routines in order to improve the mentioned health status. In this context, wearable devices merged with the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm enable the proliferation of new market segments for these health wearablebased applications. Furthermore, these applications can provide solutions for the elderly or baby care, in-hospital or in-home patient monitoring, security and defence fields or an unforeseen number of future applications. The introduced IoT paradigm can be developed with the usage of existing Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) by connecting the novel wearable devices to them. In this way, the migration of new users and actors to the IoT environment will be eased. However, a major issue appears in this environment: heterogeneity. In fact, there is a large number of operating systems, hardware platforms, communication and application protocols or programming languages, each of them with unique features. The main objective of this thesis is defining and implementing a solution for the intelligent service management in wearable and ubiquitous devices so as to solve the heterogeneity issues that are presented when dealing with interoperability and interconnectivity of devices and software of different nature. Additionally, a security schema based on trust domains is proposed as a solution to the privacy problems arising when private data (e.g., biomedical parameters or user identification) is broadcasted in a wireless network. The proposal has been made after a comprehensive state-of-the-art analysis, and includes the design of a Wearable Device Service Bus (WDSB) including the technologies collected in the requirement analysis (ESB, WWBAN, WSN and IoT). Applications are able to access the WSN services regardless of the platform and operating system where they are running. Besides, this proposal also includes the design of a Wearable Inter-Domain communication Protocols set (WIDP) which integrates lightweight protocols suitable to be used in low-capacities devices (REST, JSON, AMQP, CoAP, etc...). Furthermore, a security solution for service management based on a trustworthy domains model to deploy security services in WSNs has been designed. Although the proposal is a generic framework for applications based on services provided by wearable devices, an application scenario for testing purposes has been included. In this validation scenario it has been presented an autonomous physical condition performance system, based on a WSN, bringing the possibility to include several elements in an IoT scenario: a smartwatch, a physiological monitoring device and a smartphone. In summary, the general objective of this thesis is solving the heterogeneity and security challenges arising when developing applications for WSNs and wearable devices. As it has been presented in the thesis, the solution proposed has been successfully validated in a real scenario and the obtained results were satisfactory.