Las mujeres adultas en España como mercado potencial de clientas y usuarias de servicios deportivos

Antes del inicio de la actual crisis económica, en Europa y España, se constataba la existencia de 2 mundos deportivos diferentes (EC, 2011): las mujeres practican principalmente en organizaciones privado-comerciales actividades dirigidas (EC, 2011) dentro de un modelo de práctica wellness (Martínez del Castillo et al., 2005), mientras que los hombres preferían la práctica auto-organizada de deportes de resistencia, equipo o extremos (EC, 2011). Sin embargo, en España, durante la actual crisis económica, la práctica autónoma es mayoritaria en ambos sexos. Esta se ha incrementado en hombres y mujeres, pero de manera más importante entre las mujeres adultas entre 30 y 64 años (Martín, 2014).

Alternativas de conciliación e innovaciones en la oferta deportiva dirigidas a disminuir las barreras para la práctica de actividad física de las personas adultas en España: diferencias de género

En la actualidad, debido a los cambios demográficos acaecidos en las últimas décadas, las personas adultas constituyen aproximadamente la mitad de la población española. En España, aunque se han reducido las desigualdades en el acceso a la práctica deportiva, las mujeres (31%) practican menos deporte que los hombres (49.1%) y las personas adultas continúan siendo uno de los grupos de edad que, junto con los mayores, menos deporte practica (36%)(García y Llopis, 2011). Esta situación impide a un importante segmento de población acceder a los beneficios sociales y de salud que se obtienen con la práctica de actividades físico-deportivas, además de poder afectar negativamente a la práctica deportiva de las futuras generaciones y al gasto sanitario español.

The effects of economic situation in sporting habits of spanish adult population:Gender differences

Proyecto I+D+i DEP19801: The effects of economic situation in sporting habits of spanish adult population: Gender differences

New QR Survey Methodologies to Analyze User Perception of Service Quality in Public Transport: The Experience of Madrid

Customer Satisfaction Surveys (CSS) have become an important tool for public transport planners, as improvements in the perceived quality of service lead to greater use of public transport and lower traffic pollution. Until now, Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) enhancements in public transport have traditionally included fleet management systems based on Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) technologies, which can be used to optimize routing and scheduling, and to feed real-time information into passenger information channels. However, surveys of public transport users could also benefit from the new information technologies. As most customers carry their smartphones when traveling, Quick Response (QR) codes open up the possibility of conducting these surveys at a lower cost.This paper contributes to the limited existing literature by developing the analysis of QR codes applied to CSS in public transport and highlighting their importance in reducing the cost of data collection and processing. The added value of this research is that it provides the first assessment of a real case study in Madrid (Spain) using QR codes for this purpose. This pilot experience was part of a research project analyzing bus service quality in the same case study, so the QR code survey (155 valid questionnaires) was validated using a conventional face-to-face survey (520 valid questionnaires). The results show clearly that, after overcoming a few teething troubles, this QR code application will ultimately provide transport management with a useful tool to reduce survey costs

Trust and Privacy Solutions Based on Holistic Service Requirements

The products and services designed for Smart Cities provide the necessary tools to improve the management of modern cities in a more efficient way. These tools need to gather citizens’ information about their activity, preferences, habits, etc. opening up the possibility of tracking them. Thus, privacy and security policies must be developed in order to satisfy and manage the legislative heterogeneity surrounding the services provided and comply with the laws of the country where they are provided. This paper presents one of the possible solutions to manage this heterogeneity, bearing in mind these types of networks, such as Wireless Sensor Networks, have important resource limitations. A knowledge and ontology management system is proposed to facilitate the collaboration between the business, legal and technological areas. This will ease the implementation of adequate specific security and privacy policies for a given service. All these security and privacy policies are based on the information provided by the deployed platforms and by expert system processing.

A Novel Ground Fault Identification Method for 2 x 5 kV Railway Power Supply Systems

The location of ground faults in railway electric lines in 2 × 5 kV railway power supply systems is a difficult task. In both 1 × 25 kV and transmission power systems it is common practice to use distance protection relays to clear ground faults and localize their positions. However, in the particular case of this 2 × 25 kV system, due to the widespread use of autotransformers, the relation between the distance and the impedance seen by the distance protection relays is not linear and therefore the location is not accurate enough. This paper presents a simple and economical method to identify the subsection between autotransformers and the conductor (catenary or feeder) where the ground fault is happening. This method is based on the comparison of the angle between the current and the voltage of the positive terminal in each autotransformer. Consequently, after the identification of the subsection and the conductor with the ground defect, only the subsection where the ground fault is present will be quickly removed from service, with the minimum effect on rail traffic. This method has been validated through computer simulations and laboratory tests with positive results.