Estructuras espaciales desmontables y desplegables. Estudio de la obra del arquitecto Emilio Pérez Pinero.

La presente tesis estudia las realizaciones del arquitecto Emilio Pérez Pinero, todas dentro de las estructuras espaciales de barras desmontables y desplegables, elabora la documentación que hace transmisible su investigación y generaliza el estudio del comportamiento en la parcela de las desplegables. La obra de este arquitecto forma un conjunto original, atractivo y sin continuadores, y por otra parte, no abundan las" investigaciones sobre este tipo de estructuras ( mucho menos las realizaciones), en las que hay que resolver tanto su definición como su movilidad y comportamiento estructural. El contenido de la parte correspondiente a las estructuras desmontables se limita a las cúpulas reticuladas de una capa, con el sistema de reticulado y montaje ideado por Pinero, por considerar que se debe documentar su aportación pero no incidir mas en un campo de investigación que cuenta con abundantes estudios. Se aporta la solución matemática y un programa de ordenador para la definición geométrica completa del reticulado empleado. Las estructuras desplegables se caracterizan por el empleo de barras dispuestas en "x" en el espesor de la estructura, con generación de superficies tanto planas como curvas. En ambos casos se analiza la movilidad en fase de mecanismo, tanto a las soluciones de Pinero como a las complementarlas que se exponen. Se estudian las relaciones geométricas que deben de cumplirse para que sea posible el movimiento de las barras, relaciones particularmente complejas en las desplegables según superficies esféricas, y que determinan su definición geométrica. En la fase de estructura, además de analizar lo realizado por Pinero, documentando y definiendo sus componentes, se proponen varias estructuras posibles para cada mecanismo, y se desarrolla en detalle el tipo de los emparrillados de canto constante, donde se incluye un estudio comparativo de nueve variantes distintas. Se muestra el amplio campo de uso posible para estas estructuras. ABSTRACT The • present doctoral dissertation studies the work of de spanish architect Emilio Pérez Pinero, all of it within de field of spatial demountable and deployable structures. This contribution compiles the necessary documentation for research in this field and, besides, generalizes the theoretical background for the analysis of this type of structures. Pérez Pinero's contributions are original and attractive, but, so far, he has not any followers ; on the other hand research in this field is scarce (much less actual realizations). In the part corresponding to demountable structures the research is limited to reticulated domes of only one layer, following Pérez Pinero's sys~ tem, trying to give a comprehensive documentation of it. The mathematical solution is given and so is a computer program for the complete definition of the geometry of the structure. One characteristic of deployable structures is the use of struts placed - formix "X" in the thickness of the structure, making possible the generation of plañe as well as curved surfaces. In both cases, the operation in the phase of mechanism is studied, both fot Pinero's solution and for the other schemes presented. The geometrical relationships that must be maintained in order to guarantee strut's movements, are studied; these relationships are particularly complex in the case of spherical surfaces, and, in this last casey determine completely its geometrical definition. In regard of the structure behaviour, besides analysing Pinero's works, a variety of solutions are proposed for each mechanism. Particularly, the configuration for double layer grids of constant thickness is developed with great detall, and a comparative study of nine different solutions of this special case is included. A wide range of the possible applications of this structural type is shown.

Estudio sobre el Urbanismo moderno: Adolfo Blanco y Pérez del Camino, pensionado por la JAE en 1927

Recuperación de la memoria realizada por el arquitecto Adolfo Blanco sobre las Ideas Modernas del Urbanismo redactada durante sus viajes por Europa y África en 1927

CDAPubMed: a browser extension to retrieve EHR-based biomedical literature

Over the last few decades, the ever-increasing output of scientific publications has led to new challenges to keep up to date with the literature. In the biomedical area, this growth has introduced new requirements for professionals, e.g., physicians, who have to locate the exact papers that they need for their clinical and research work amongst a huge number of publications. Against this backdrop, novel information retrieval methods are even more necessary. While web search engines are widespread in many areas, facilitating access to all kinds of information, additional tools are required to automatically link information retrieved from these engines to specific biomedical applications. In the case of clinical environments, this also means considering aspects such as patient data security and confidentiality or structured contents, e.g., electronic health records (EHRs). In this scenario, we have developed a new tool to facilitate query building to retrieve scientific literature related to EHRs. Results: We have developed CDAPubMed, an open-source web browser extension to integrate EHR features in biomedical literature retrieval approaches. Clinical users can use CDAPubMed to: (i) load patient clinical documents, i.e., EHRs based on the Health Level 7-Clinical Document Architecture Standard (HL7-CDA), (ii) identify relevant terms for scientific literature search in these documents, i.e., Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), automatically driven by the CDAPubMed configuration, which advanced users can optimize to adapt to each specific situation, and (iii) generate and launch literature search queries to a major search engine, i.e., PubMed, to retrieve citations related to the EHR under examination. Conclusions: CDAPubMed is a platform-independent tool designed to facilitate literature searching using keywords contained in specific EHRs. CDAPubMed is visually integrated, as an extension of a widespread web browser, within the standard PubMed interface. It has been tested on a public dataset of HL7-CDA documents, returning significantly fewer citations since queries are focused on characteristics identified within the EHR. For instance, compared with more than 200,000 citations retrieved by breast neoplasm, fewer than ten citations were retrieved when ten patient features were added using CDAPubMed. This is an open source tool that can be freely used for non-profit purposes and integrated with other existing systems.

Nuevas cubiertas de madera para la iglesia de San Martín en Jiménez de Jamúz (León)

Nuevas cubiertas de madera para a iglesia de San Martín en Jiménez de Jamúz (León)

Building sustainable capacity for health research in africa through cloud computing applications

Access to information and continuous education represent critical factors for physicians and researchers over the world. For African professionals, this situation is even more problematic due to the frequently difficult access to technological infrastructures and basic information. Both education and information technologies (e.g., including hardware, software or networking) are expensive and unaffordable for many African professionals. Thus, the use of e-learning and an open approach to information exchange and software use have been already proposed to improve medical informatics issues in Africa. In this context, the AFRICA BUILD project, supported by the European Commission, aims to develop a virtual platform to provide access to a wide range of biomedical informatics and learning resources to professionals and researchers in Africa. A consortium of four African and four European partners work together in this initiative. In this framework, we have developed a prototype of a cloud-computing infrastructure to demonstrate, as a proof of concept, the feasibility of this approach. We have conducted the experiment in two different locations in Africa: Burundi and Egypt. As shown in this paper, technologies such as cloud computing and the use of open source medical software for a large range of case present significant challenges and opportunities for developing countries, such as many in Africa.

A MAUT approach for reusing ontologies

Knowledge resource reuse has become a popular approach within the ontology engineering field, mainly because it can speed up the ontology development process, saving time and money and promoting the application of good practices. The NeOn Methodology provides guidelines for reuse. These guidelines include the selection of the most appropriate knowledge resources for reuse in ontology development. This is a complex decision-making problem where different conflicting objectives, like the reuse cost, understandability, integration workload and reliability, have to be taken into account simultaneously. GMAA is a PC-based decision support system based on an additive multi-attribute utility model that is intended to allay the operational difficulties involved in the Decision Analysis methodology. The paper illustrates how it can be applied to select multimedia ontologies for reuse to develop a new ontology in the multimedia domain. It also demonstrates that the sensitivity analyses provided by GMAA are useful tools for making a final recommendation.

SiGe/Si nanowire axial heterostructures grown by LPCVD using Ga-Au

The use of Ga-Au alloys of different compositions as metal catalysts for the growth of abrupt SiGe/Si nanowire axial heterostructures has been investigated. The heterostructures grown in a continuous process by just switching the gas precursors, show uniform nanowire diameters, almost abrupt compositional changes and no defects between the different sections. These features represent significant improvements over the results obtained using pure Au.

Spatial domain mitigation of out of band strong interferers in HF wide band acquisition using analog beamforming principles

We envision that dynamic multiband transmissions taking advantage of the receiver diversity (even for collocated antennas with different polarization or radiation pattern) will create a new paradigm for these links guaranteeing high quality and reliability. However, there are many challenges to face regarding the use of broadband reception where several out of band (with respect to multiband transmission) strong interferers, but still within the acquisition band, may limit dramatically the expected performance. In this paper we address this problem introducing a specific capability of the communication system that is able to mitigate these interferences using analog beamforming principles. Indeed, Higher Order Crossing (HOCs) joint statistics of the Single Input ? Multiple Output (SIMO) system are shown to effectively determine the angle on arrival of the wavefront even operating over highly distorted signals.

Experimental results on multicarrier SIMO HF communications

Achieving reliable communication over HF channels is known to be challenging due to the particularly hostile propagation medium. To address this problem, diversity techniques were shown to be promising. In this paper, we demonstrate through experimental results the benefits of different diversity strategies when applied to multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) multicarrier systems. The performance gains of polarisation, space and frequency diversities are quantified using different measurement campaigns.

Caracterización de la acción colectiva para la gestión de los recursos hídricos en la Región Central de Nicaragua.

Este estudio analiza la acción colectiva entorno al recurso hídrico en dos microcuencas de características geográficas similares ubicadas en los departamentos de Jinotega y Matagalpa, en el norte de Nicaragua. Para ello, se examinan 185 encuestas de hogares realizadas en 13 comunidades con el objetivo de caracterizar las distintas acciones colectivas existentes según los usos múltiples del recurso identificados en la zona. El hogar ha sido considerado como la unidad de análisis debido a que se pretende estudiar la acción colectiva desde la visión que las propias familias tienen de la misma. El estudio muestra que la acción colectiva en la zona de estudio se concentra fundamentalmente en torno al uso de agua para consumo humano y preparación de alimentos. Para este uso, el nivel de participación que se observa en la puesta en marcha de los sistemas colectivos es en general bastante bajo y ésta no se relaciona necesariamente con un mayor grado de formalidad de la acción colectiva. La muestra del estudio refleja la escasa acción colectiva en torno al agua para actividades agropecuarias , lo cual es relevante en un contexto de incertidumbre respecto a la disponibilidad de recurso.

A fuzzy MCDA framework for safety assessment in the remediation of a uranium mill tailings site in Ukraine

The Pridneprovsky Chemical Plant was one of the largest uranium processing enterprises in the former USSR, producing a huge amount of uranium residues. The Zapadnoe tailings site contains most of these residues. We propose a theoretical framework based on multicriteria decision analysis and fuzzy logic to analyze different remediation alternatives for the Zapadnoe tailings, which simultaneously accounts for potentially conflicting economic, social and environmental objectives. We build an objective hierarchy that includes all the relevant aspects. Fuzzy rather than precise values are proposed for use to evaluate remediation alternatives against the different criteria and to quantify preferences, such as the weights representing the relative importance of criteria identified in the objective hierarchy. Finally, we suggest that remediation alternatives should be evaluated by means of a fuzzy additive multi-attribute utility function and ranked on the basis of the respective trapezoidal fuzzy number representing their overall utility.

A Maut aprroach for reusing domain ontologies on the basis of the NeOn Methodlogy

Knowledge resource reuse has become a popular approach within the ontology engineering field, mainly because it can speed up the ontology development process, saving time and money and promoting the application of good practices. The NeOn Methodology provides guidelines for reuse. These guidelines include the selection of the most appropriate knowledge resources for reuse in ontology development. This is a complex decision-making problem where different conflicting objectives, like the reuse cost, understandability, integration workload and reliability, have to be taken into account simultaneously. GMAA is a PC-based decision support system based on an additive multi-attribute utility model that is intended to allay the operational difficulties involved in the Decision Analysis methodology. The paper illustrates how it can be applied to select multimedia ontologies for reuse to develop a new ontology in the multimedia domain. It also demonstrates that the sensitivity analyses provided by GMAA are useful tools for making a final recommendation.

Raman spectroscopy in Group IV nanowires and nanowire axial heterostructures

The control of the SiGe NW composition is fundamental for the fabrication of high quality heterostructures. Raman spectroscopy has been used to analyse the composition of SiGe alloys. We present a study of the Raman spectrum of SiGe nanowires and SiGe/Si heterostructures. The inhomogeneity of the Ge composition deduced from the Raman spectrum is explained by the existence of a Ge-rich outer shell and by the interaction of the NW with the electromagnetic field associated with the laser beam.

Determinación de mecanismos de deslizamientosa en áreas urbanizadas de la Sierra de las Apretaderas, término de Alcuzcuz, Benahavís, Málaga

La naturaleza intrínseca del material mantiene una estrecha relación con el tipo de inestabilidad. El trabajo recoge la experiencia en la determinación de mecanismo de deslizamientos en el área de la Sierra de Las Apretaderas, término de Alcuzcuz, en Benahavís, Málaga. La intensa urbanización de amplias áreas serranas conlleva la transformación del medio a través de la construcción de infraestructuras de comunicación y extensas áreas residenciales y la interacción de dichas construcciones con el medio provoca a menudo el desencadenamiento de siniestros relacionados con los deslizamientos de ladera en ocasiones poco sospechosos. El trabajo que se presenta recoge la experiencia de un siniestro acaecido bajo estas circunstancias y provocando numerosos daños materiales en edificaciones de lujo e infraestructuras anejas.