El mundo del trabajo en la Argentina : Estrategias productivistas y resistencia obrera. El caso de la empresa metalúrgica Siam Di Tella [1935-1955]

El objetivo de la tesis es estudiar el mundo del trabajo y la dinámica de las relaciones sociales en las etapas 1935-1945 y 1945-1955, -especialmente en los años del peronismo- en la cual estuvieron involucrados empresarios y trabajadores de la actividad industrial. Se tomó como unidad de análisis la empresa Siam Di Tella; y como problemática principal se escogieron las relaciones/conflictos que el sector obrero estableció con el sector empresarial en aquellos aspectos referidos a las estrategias productivas, políticas e incluso educativas, diseñadas por los diferentes actores sociales participantes en la disputa por el control de la producción en el espacio fabril. Por ello, el eje principal de este trabajo estará centrado en la aplicación (empresarial) y en las resistencias (obreras) de aquellas políticas basadas en el disciplinamiento y control (taylorizacion y fordización) de la producción, así como las iniciativas de formación para los trabajadores en el marco del ámbito fabril, -particularmente en el campo técnico/educativo

The thesis purpose is to study the world of work and the dynamics of social relations in the periods 1935-1955 and 1945-1955, -especially in the years of peronismo- in which employers and workers of the industrial activity were engaged. The company Siam Di Tella was taken as unity of analysis; and as main issue, the relations/conflicts that the worker sector established with the employer sector in those aspects referred to productive, political and even educational strategies, designed by the different social actors involved in the dispute over production control in the industrial field, were chosen. Thus, this work's crux will be centered in the (managerial) application and (worker) resistance on the politics based on disciplining and control (taylorization andfordization) of production, as well as the formative initiatives for workers taken in the industry sphere, particularly in the technical/educative field. Our general hypothesis is based on interpreting that since 1935-45, and particularly during the years of peronismo government (1946-55), the employers' application of a whole of technical, productive and labor formation innovations (taylorism, fordism, industrial education), generated, especially in Argentina's large industrial establishments, a deepening of the workers' unrest. This process was made manifest by different forms of resistance-boycotts, strikes, protests, construction of educational altematives- framed by the struggle for avoiding the loss of production control, and simultaneously, disputing (from multiple dimensions) hegemony in the industrial field. The relation taylorization/fordization-workers conflicts analyzed from a case study- as is the emblematic company Siam Di Tella- entails a different contribution to the multicausal analysis of the working world issues, especially those related to the capital's strategies in the process of work subordination, as productive as formative of a particular work culture, resignified from either employers' and workers' point of view in the framework of the industrial field