El papel de Brasil y Venezuela en la construcción de la política de seguridad energética Suramericana

Esta investigación surge de la necesidad de resolver cuestiones importantes en materia de seguridad energética en Suramérica y analizar los atributos de poder de Brasil y Venezuela, buscando exponer el papel protagónico de ambos países, además de estudiar las iniciativas de integración de la región alrededor de la energía y de ver a estos dos actores como motores de dicha integración.

Análisis del papel de Brasil en la Comunidad de Países de Lengua Portuguesa (CPLP) en África y su incidencia dentro del proyecto de liderazgo global. Periodo 2003-2011

Este trabajo pretende hacer un análisis del papel que juega Brasil dentro de la CPLP, con el fin de confirmar su papel de liderazgo dentro de esta organización. Así mismo, da cuenta de como mediante esta comunidad Brasil ha tenido un mayor acercamiento con el continente africano y esto le ha permitido fortalecer su proyecto de liderazgo global y su injerencia en asuntos internacionales.

El papel de Brasil en la geografía del comercio internacional y la efectividad del Sistema Multilateral de Comercio (Tema Central)

La Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC) ha fortalecido y mejorado el sistema multilateral de comercio, surgido en los años siguientes al final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, con el fin de garantizar la libre competencia entre los países miembros, eliminar las barreras al comercio internacional y permitir cada vez más el acceso de las empresas y de los consumidores a los mercados extranjeros de bienes y servicios.

Evolução setorial e trajetórias tecnológicas em nível de empresas na indústria de celulose e papel no Brasil (1970 - 2004): contexto da política de substituição de importações à competição globalizada

Accordingly, a variety of firms's technological capabilities studies, the literature recently is still lacking about the dynamic of sector evolution and technological development in inter-firm and their implication for technical and economical financial performance. More lacking is the research catching up the evolution of industrial sectors after the institutional reforms in the 90. For that, the focus of the dissertation is to analyze the main of the evolution of the pulp and paper industry from 1970 to 2004, using as reference points the import-substitution policy and the economic deregulation of the 1990s. Futhermore, the work tries to evaluate how such changes at industry level have been perceived from a firm point of view in terms of accumulation of technological capabilities and improvement of economic financial performance. This linkage is tested and examined in the following firms: Aracruz (Barra do Riacho establishment ), Klabin (Monte Alegre establishment) e Votorantim Celulose e Papel ¿ VCP (Jacareí establishment), defining the same time period of sectoral level. As far as the industry level study is concerned, it is based on the average rate of annual growth of some selected variables, given that the technological capabilities test is performed according to the methodology already existing in the literature, but properly adapted to the pulp and paper case. Similarly, the analysis regarding the improvement of the economic financial performance is based on a set of industry specific indicators. Hence, the work is built upon multiple case studies, taking into account both the qualitative and quantitative evidence, i.e. interviews, direct observations, as well as firm reports. Finally, it is worth emphasizing as the analysis of the changes in the sector, in conjunction with the above mentioned methodology used to measure the technological capabilities in the context of an evolving industrial regime, is still lacking in emerging economies as well as in Brazil. According to the empirical evidence, the reforms of the 1990s had a positive impact on the industrial development, from both the national and international viewpoint. Such a transformation was evident at firm level in terms of accumulation of technological capabilities and improvement of economic financial indicators. Indeed, the results show that the speed of accumulation of technological capabilities within the firms influences positively the performance indicators. On the other hand, these are also related to external factors, such as the macroeconomic conditions, which as such have not been considered in details.

Trajetórias De Acumulação De Capacidades Inovadoras, Mecanismos De Aprendizagem E Fatores Organizacionais Relativos A Atividades Em Gestão De Projetos: Estudo De Caso Comparativo Inter-Empresarial Na Indústria De Bens De Capital E De Celulose E Papel No Brasil

Over the last 40 years there has been a profusion of studies about the ccumulation of technological capacities in firms from developing economies. However, there remain few studies that examine, on a combined basis, the relationship among: the trajectories of technological capacities accumulation; the underlying learning mechanisms; and, the implications of organizational factors for these two variables. Still scarcer are the studies that examine the relationship among these variables along time and based on a comparative case study. This dissertation examines the relationship among the trajectory of accumulation of innovative capacities in complex project management, the learning mechanisms underlying these technological capacities and the intra-organizational factors that influence these learning echanisms. That set of relationships is examined through a comparative and a long-term (1988-2008) case study in a capital goods firm (for the pulp and paper industry) and a pulp mill in Brazil. Based on first-hand quantitative and qualitative empiric evidence, gathered through extensive field research, this dissertation found: 1. Both firms accumulated innovative capacity in project management at the international frontier level (Level 6). However, there was variability between the firms in terms of the nature and speed of accumulation of those capacities. It was also observed that, at this level of innovation, the innovative capacities of both firms are not confined to their organizational boundaries, but they are distributed beyond their boundaries. 2. So that these companies could accumulate those levels of innovative capacities it was necessary to manage several learning mechanisms: leveraging of external knowledge and its internalization in terms of internal apacities of the firm. In other words, as the companies accumulated more innovative levels of capacities for project management, it was necessary to manage different cycles of technological learning. 3. Further, the relationship between the ccumulation of technological capacities and learning was affected positively by intra-organizational factors, such as 'authority disposition', 'mutability of work roles' and 'intensity of internal crises', and negatively by the factor 'singularity of goals'. This dissertation revealed divergent results between firms in two of the four factors studied. These results contribute to advance our understanding of the complexity and variability involved in the process of accumulation of innovative capacities in firms from developing economies. This highlights the growing importance of the organizational and the human resource dimensions of innovation and technological capacity as the company approaches the international frontier. The results suggest to managers that: (i) the good performance in project management in the two firms studied did not occur simply as a result of the pulp and paper Brazilian industry growth, rather as a result of the deliberate construction and accumulation of the capacities through an intensive and coordinated cyclical process of technological learning, (ii) to develop innovative capabilities in project management, besides looking for learning mechanisms they should also look at the organizational factors that influence the learning mechanisms directly, (iii) performance of pulp mill¿s projects is better when projects are implemented together with technology suppliers than when performed only by the mill. This dissertation concludes that capital goods firms have been having a fundamental role for the innovative capabilities accumulation in project management of pulp mills in Brazil (and vice-versa) for a long time. This contradicts some authors' propositions that affirm that: a) equipment suppliers for the pulp and paper industry have been creating little, if any, development of processes or engineering projects in Brazil; b) firms in the pulp and paper industry have little capacity for machinery and equipments projects only taking place in few technological activities, being internal or external to the firm. Finally, some studies are proposed for future research.

O impacto da abertura comercial sobre o setor de papel e celulose

O presente trabalho pretende contribuir para a avaliação e o acompanhamento da implementação do programa de abertura comercial ao investigar o seu impacto sobre um setor que apresenta competitividade internacional e é exportador, o setor de papel e celulose. A pesquisa concentrou a atenção em dois aspectos: i) os efeitos sobre o setor das medidas de política comercial e industrial ligadas à abertura comercial, divulgadas a partir de março de 1990; ii) as expectativas e o comportamento esperado das empresas quanto à continuidade da implementação do programa.

Análise da perenidade do modelo de Wibe para previsão de demanda para papel para imprimir e escrever

A indústria de papel e celulose no mundo e no Brasil é de notável importância pela geração de empregos, faturamento e peso estratégico. Sendo uma indústria de base florestal tem sua cadeia produtiva verticalizada dependente de um longo ciclo de plantio, crescimento e colheita florestal que pode, nas melhores das condições, tomar de cinco a sete anos e, para casos mais extremos, demandar de 20 a 40 anos. O intenso capital empregado aliado à baixa mobilidade de curso faz da previsão de demanda para a indústria papeleira um ponto de extrema atenção. Esta pesquisa se propõe a estudar se um modelo proposto na década de 80, aplicado a dados da década de 70, se mantém válido até os dias atuais. Para tal, este trabalho levanta breve bibliografia relacionada aos conceitos de previsão de demanda e como a previsão de demanda foi aplicada para produtos de base florestal – dentre os quais, papel e celulose. O estudo segue com a escolha do modelo de Wibe (1984), sua reprodução e extrapolação para dados da década de 60, 70, 80 e 90. A função de demanda originalmente proposta por Wibe (1984) associa o cunsumo de papel à renda, preço e a um índice de substituição. Para teste de sua perenidade este trabalho mede a acurácia do modelo original para cada década e testa variações e simplificações de tal modelo.

As teorias de criação e desvio de comércio : Brasil e Argentina : um estudo de caso

O presente “paper” tem por objetivo dar uma visão global das principais formulações, elaboradas no campo teórico, a respeito de uniões aduaneiras. Conquanto seja bastante extensa a literatura existente, acha-se ela espalhada por um sem número de artigos de revistas e periódicos, existindo poucos compêndios específicos sobre o assunto. O trabalho será dividido em duas partes na primeira ocupar-nos-emos dos aspectos teóricos da integração, e na segunda tentaremos mensurar os principais efeitos econômicos da integração. A primeira parte deste trabalho consta de sete seções. Nas duas primeiras nos ocuparemos da apresentação dos postulados da teoria pura do comércio internacional e dos efeitos da introdução das tarifas. Estas seções objetivam facilitar a compreensão do problema da abolição das barreiras. A terceira tratará das reduções tarifárias em bases discriminatórias e não discriminatórias, para em seguida, na quarta seção, analisarmos a estrutura teórica de Viner. As duas seções seguintes preocupar-se-ão com problemas que têm recebido grande atenção dos diversos estudiosos: a complementaridade e similaridade (ou rivalidade), e o dimensionamento da união. E finalmente, a última, apresentará algumas conclusões teóricas.

Amazônia, UNASUL e desenvolvimento sustentável: o papel do Brasil (2003-2010)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Paraguai 2012: o papel do Brasil e a ação da Unasul

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)