Análise de SNPs do DNA mitocondrial em indivíduos residentes no estado do Espírito Santo para aplicação na Identificação Humana

Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - IQ

Perfil de suscetibilidade, genes de resistência aos aminoglicosídeos e similaridade genética em amostras de Acinetobacter baumannii isoladas em um Hospital Terciário

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia - IBILCE

Genetic heterogeneity of Escherichia coli isolated from pasteurized milk in State of Paraná, Brazil

Food contamination caused by enteric pathogens is a major cause of diarrheal disease worldwide, resulting in high morbidity and mortality and significant economic losses. Bacteria are important agents of foodborne diseases, particularly diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. The present study assessed the genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of E. coli isolates from pasteurized milk processed in 21 dairies in northwestern State of Parana, Brazil. The 95 E. coli isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing according to the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute and assessed genotypically by Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR). The highest rate of resistance was observed for cephalothin (55.78%). ERIC-PCR revealed high genetic diversity, clustering the 95 bacterial isolates into 90 different genotypic patterns. These results showed a heterogeneous population of E. coli in milk samples produced in the northwestern region of Parana and the need for good manufacturing practices throughout the processing of pasteurized milk to reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses.

Evaluation of Xylella fastidiosa genetic diversity by fAFPL markers

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo da diversidade genética do MycobacteriUm leprae em pacientes com hanseníase no município de Rondonópolis (MT): uma contribuição para o melhor entendimento da sua transmissão

Pós-graduação em Doenças Tropicais - FMB

Epidemiologia molecular e estudo dos fatores de virulência de Staphylococcus aureus resistentes à oxacilina isolados de feridas em pacientes atendidos em unidades básicas de saúde da cidade de Botucatu

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Epidemiologia da colonização e infecção microbiana em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal: abordagem clínica e molecular

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Caracterização genética e distribuição espacial dos isolados de Mycobacterium leprae em região de baixa prevalência no Brasil

Pós-graduação em Doenças Tropicais - FMB

Cross-reactivity of antipneumococcal surface protein C (PspC) antibodies with different strains and evaluation of inhibition of human complement factor H and secretory IgA binding via PspC

Pneumococcal surface protein C (PspC) is an important candidate for a cost-effective vaccine with broad coverage against pneumococcal diseases. Previous studies have shown that Streptococcus pneumoniae is able to bind to both human factor H (FH), an inhibitor of complement alternative pathway, and human secretory IgA (sIgA) via PspC. PspC was classified into 11 groups based on variations of the gene. In this work, we used three PspC fragments from different groups (PspC3, PspC5, and PspC8) to immunize mice for the production of antibodies. Immunization with PspC3 induced antibodies that recognized the majority of the clinical isolates as analyzed by Western blotting of whole-cell extracts and flow cytometry of intact bacteria, while anti-PspC5 antibodies showed cross-reactivity with the paralogue pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), and anti-PspC8 antibodies reacted only with the PspC8-expressing strain. Most of the isolates tested showed strong binding to FH and weaker interaction with sIgA. Preincubation with anti-PspC3 and anti-PspC5 IgG led to some inhibition of binding of FH, and preincubation with anti-PspC3 partially inhibited sIgA binding in Western blotting. The analysis of intact bacteria through flow cytometry showed only a small decrease in FH binding after incubation of strain D39 with anti-PspC3 IgG, and one clinical isolate showed inhibition of sIgA binding by anti-PspC3 IgG. We conclude that although anti-PspC3 antibodies were able to recognize PspC variants from the majority of the strains tested, partial inhibition of FH and sIgA binding through anti-PspC3 antibodies in vitro could be observed for only a restricted number of isolates.

Estágio Sanduiche na Noruega: relato de experiência

O Programa de Doutorado no Brasil com Estágio no Exterior, conhecido como Doutorado Sanduíche, visa a contribuir para intercâmbios dos cursos de Pós-Graduação no País com seus congêneres no exterior. O objetivo deste artigo foi relatar a experiência vivida durante o estágio realizado na Noruega, em unidades hospitalares, laboratórios de microbiologia, órgãos federais e serviços de saúde de Oslo e Região Metropolitana. Foram desenvolvidas atividades de vigilância epidemiológica, técnicas laboratoriais de identificação e tipagem molecular de Staphylococcus aureus e políticas públicas e institucionais de prevenção e controle dessas bactérias, quando multirresistentes. O estágio, além de subsidiar e fortalecer a análise dos dados do projeto da tese, permitiu refletir sobre a importância de políticas públicas e diretrizes definidas, e fornecer condições para ações de prevenção e controle de agravos, tendo a saúde e o bem-estar da pessoa como valores de Estado.

Molecular typing of Clostridium perfringens isolated from swine in slaughterhouses from São Paulo State, Brazil

Clostridium perfringens is an anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium known as common pathogen for humans, for domestic and wildlife animals. Although infections caused by C. perfringens type C and A in swine are well studied, just a few reports describe the genetic relationship among strains in the epidemiological chain of swine clostridioses, as well as the presence of the microorganism in the slaughterhouses. The aim of the present study was to isolate C. perfringens from feces and carcasses from swine slaughterhouses, characterize the strains in relation to the presence of enterotoxin, alpha, beta, epsilon, iota and beta-2 toxins genes, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and comparing strains by means of Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Clostridium perfringens isolation frequencies in carcasses and finishing pig intestines were of 58.8% in both types of samples. According to the polymerase chain reaction assay, only alfa toxin was detected, being all isolates also negative to enterotoxin and beta2 toxin. Through PFGE technique, the strains were characterized in 35 pulsotypes. In only one pulsotype, the isolate from carcass sample was grouped with fecal isolate of the same animal, suggesting that the risk of cross-contamination was low. Despite the high prevalence of C. perfringens in swine carcasses from the slaughterhouses assessed, the risk of food poisoning to Brazilian pork consumers is low, since all strains were negative to cpe-gene, codifying enterotoxin.

Vipp1 deletion mutant of Synechocystis: A connection between bacterial phage shock and thylakoid biogenesis?

Plant chloroplasts originated from an endosymbiotic event by which an ancestor of contemporary cyanobacteria was engulfed by an early eukaryotic cell and then transformed into an organelle. Oxygenic photosynthesis is the specific feature of cyanobacteria and chloroplasts, and the photosynthetic machinery resides in an internal membrane system, the thylakoids. The origin and genesis of thylakoid membranes, which are essential for oxygenic photosynthesis, are still an enigma. Vipp1 (vesicle-inducing protein in plastids 1) is a protein located in both the inner envelope and the thylakoids of Pisum sativum and Arabidopsis thaliana. In Arabidopsis disruption of the VIPP1 gene severely affects the plant's ability to form properly structured thylakoids and as a consequence to carry out photosynthesis. In contrast, Vipp1 in Synechocystis appears to be located exclusively in the plasma membrane. Yet, as in higher plants, disruption of the VIPP1 gene locus leads to the complete loss of thylakoid formation. So far VIPP1 genes are found only in organisms carrying out oxygenic photosynthesis. They share sequence homology with a subunit encoded by the bacterial phage shock operon (PspA) but differ from PspA by a C-terminal extension of about 30 amino acids. In two cyanobacteria, Synechocystis and Anabaena, both a VIPP1 and a pspA gene are present, and phylogenetic analysis indicates that VIPP1 originated from a gene duplication of the latter and thereafter acquired its new function. It also appears that the C-terminal extension that discriminates VIPP1 proteins from PspA is important for its function in thylakoid formation.

Macroglossia como manifestação de amiloidose : caso clínico

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2014

Desenvolvimento de um Produto para Determinação do Tipo Sanguíneo de Humanos

Esta dissertação relata o desenvolvimento de um produto para determinação do tipo san-guíneo de humanos. A necessidade de criar um produto eficiente e capaz de determinar o tipo sanguíneo em situações de emergências surge da possibilidade das análises serem realizadas em momentos críticos, onde se pretende eliminar o erro humano e minimizar os riscos de incompatibi-lidade nas transfusões sanguíneas. A proposta pretende resolver problemas dos procedimentos realizados na análise do tipo sanguíneo em situações de emergência, que são realizados pelos técnicos da saúde, em ambien-tes da saúde, fixos ou móveis. Atualmente, o processo de análise de grupo sanguíneo, nestas si-tuações, ocorre manualmente através do procedimento de teste em lâmina. Este consiste na reco-lha de sangue e respectiva mistura com os reagentes específicos, a fim de determinar a aglutina-ção do sangue. Os resultados são observados macroscopicamente. Com base na técnica da tipagem manual, desenvolveu-se um produto com os mesmos princípios, semiautomático e com um rápido tempo de resposta, sem interferência humana na in-terpretação dos resultados, eliminando possíveis erros. Para solucionar os aspetos técnicos e me-cânicos, incorporaram-se tecnologias inovadoras, sendo elas resultado do trabalho interdisciplinar com das áreas do Design Industrial e as Engenharias Eletrónica e Mecânica. O sistema eletrónico incorporado utiliza o sistema de controlo Lilliput. Este sistema processa a informação recorrendo a processamento de imagem (através do software LabVIEW) e deteta automaticamente a ocorrência de aglutinação. O tipo sanguíneo é assim determinado num curto intervalo de tempo (aproxima-damente, dois minutos), o que viabiliza a utilização da técnica em situações de emergências. O projeto mecânico do sistema foi desenvolvido com recurso ao software Solidworks. Fo-ram realizadas simulações e testes com um rotary motor para viabilizar o funcionamento do meca-nismo. O sistema mecânico de agitação das amostras é simples, inovador e possui um elevado valor acrescentado, sendo nesse caso uma mais-valia na segurança dos utilizadores. O produto desenvolvido consegue atingir o objetivo do trabalho, realizando a determinação do tipo sanguíneo dos humanos em 5 minutos, sendo eficaz e funcional. É um produto com aspec-to formal que atribui a sua ergonomia adaptada ao utilizador, sendo assim portátil, de fácil uso e manuseio.

Co-circulação dos vírus dengue tipo 1, 2 e 4 nos Estados do Rio Grande do Norte e Paraíba, 2013

Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by female mosquitoes from genus Aedes, the principal urban vector is Aedes aegypti. Actually dengue has caused, in global scale, substantial morbidity and mortality. Four serotypes (antigenically distinct) are known: DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4. The objective of this study was described the epidemiological profile dengue in the states of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) and Paraíba (PB), 2013. For that, suspected cases of dengue were studied, received for Laboratory of Molecular Biology of infectious disease and cancer (LADIC-UFRN) from different Health Units from RN and PB between January and December of 2013. The viral RNA was obtained from serum samples of patient from health units from RN and PB. It were studied 478 suspected cases of dengue , 252 (52,7%) from Rio Grande do Norte and 226 (47,3%) from Paraíba, showeds a global rate of infection global prevalence of 29,7% (142/478). The co-circulation of three serotypes was observed: DENV-1 (9,8% [14/142]), DENV-2 (3,5% [5/142]) and DENV-4 (86,7% [123/142]). People between 21-30 years old were the most affected by the disease during all the period of the study, representing 63,7% of the cases in both states. The genus most affected was female, representing 63,3% of cases in both states. Pau dos Ferros, Rio Grande do Norte, had the highest circulation of disease, with 8,2% (8/97) of cases. In Paraíba, the city most affected was João Pessoa, with (80% (36/45) of cases. The months with the biggest viral circulation in RN and PB were March and August, respectively. These results are very important to understanding the dengue viral activity in RN and PB, providing data that can guide control actions of this disease in support to local control programs