Bioética e biodireito: interfaces e confluências

This thesis addresses the development of technoscience in times of transnational globalization and highlights the vulnerability of the discourse of social progress, which may be replaced by evidence of social risk before the artificiality of nature and humanity. That demands an ethical and legal responses to events that impose the necessity of an ethical control in biotechnology research involving human beings contributing to the rise of Bioethics and Biolaw as fields of knowledge. This theme is studied from a multidisciplinary perspective seeking a dynamic dimension in the interpretation of research data reconnecting Social Sciences to Legal Sciences (Biolaw) and to Philosophy (Bioethics), in order to obtain answers to the problems posed. The objective delimited is to examine the interfaces between Biolaw and Bioethics, in order to observe the confluence of these areas of knowledge. Biolaw is considered as a new legal branch derived from the paradigmatic transition of Law and wonders how it will stand before questions resulting of social transformations caused by biotechnological development that endangers humans and society. It is concluded that the relationship between Bioethics and Biolaw is recursive and inseparable and it contributed to the "unthink" of traditional legal model of linear view/reductionist allowing that the "certainties" will be replaced by "possibilities", which comes to enable Biolaw to confront the issues caused by the development of biotechnology that violates physically and morally the human person. It is perceived, therefore, that Biolaw is driven and aided by bioethical reflections and it positions itself before the dilemmas caused by biotechnology in creating, interpreting and applying coercive rules which aims to protect the human being, his offspring and society

Bioética e odontologia: um perfil dos problemas éticos vividos por cirurgiões-dentistas

Bioethics studies human behavior in the fields ofbiological sciences and health care. Tt strives for humanization in health services along with promoting the rights of patients. In view of the lack of dental research dealing with this topic, the present study was undertaken to identify, from the viewpoint of dental surgeons, ethical problems experienced in dental practice,understand how they occur and how professionals deal with them. It is a descriptive exploratory investigation within a qualitative approach. Empirical material was collected through semi-structured interviews performed with 15 dental surgeons who work both in private and public practice in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The content of the interviews was systemized and organized, resulting in the identification of topics, from which were grouped the ethical problems reported by the participants. The resu1ts indicate that many of the ethical problems coincide with infringements of the norms and mIes of the Dental Code of Ethics, confirming a dental ethic acquired during professional formation and therefore, inadequate for solving the problems that emerge in professional practice. Other questions stand out such as low salaries, competition and poor working conditions. Associated to these problems are lack of commitment and professional responsibility with the patients. Concem with maintaining user autonomy, guaranteeing access to specialized services, and the need for performing only procedures for which they are technically qualified arise in the responses, leading to difficulties in consolidating the principIes proclaimed by bioethics: autonomy, justice, nonmaleficence and beneficence. We concluded that the ethical problems identified in professional practice need to be understood beyond the dental dimension, towards a human approach. It is therefore necessary to incorporate health care management technologies into health practices, including dentistry, which implies recognizing the difTerent dimensions that surround individuaIs, that is, social, economic, political and cultural

Periódicos de bioética. ¿Hay muchos? ¿Hay pocos? ¿Cuál es la situación?

This work presents a bibliometric profile of Bioethics Journal according to the following journal databases: MEDLINE, LILACS, The Philosopher' s Index, Ulrich's, SciELO and Qualis classification system (Brazil). We found that: from 38 titles indexed in MEDLINE, 25 (66%) still exist; the country with the highest number is the U. S. A (36%); most Bioethics journals appeared in the 1990's (47%), and 36% have less than 10 years of existence. From those that disappeared (34%), the average survival time was about 4 years. There are only 12 countries with indexed journals. In Brazil, from 3 Bioethics journals, only one is (partially) indexed. English is the preponderant language (45%). Only 3% of journals are monthly. LILACS has two additional publications (Acta Bioethica, Chile, and Revista Latino Americana, Colombia). SciELO has only Acta Bioethica. In Ulrich's database, there are eight additional publications. In "Qualis" classification system there are four journals.

Análise qualitativa do conteúdo ministrado na disciplina de bioética nas faculdades de odontologia brasileiras

The study consists on a qualitative analysis of content ministered by Bioethical discipline on Brazilian Dental Schools. Data collect occurred by semi-structured questioners send by e-mail and correspondence. It was used content analysis by categorical analysis technique, according to Bardin. Among 182 Schools, just 57 (31.3%) shows Bioethical Discipline. It was observed that the discipline is ministered on the first or last year of course generally. Principal subjects broached are bioethical dilemma (76.3%) with polemics questions and others actual like abortion, clone, organs transplant, attendance of patient porter of HIV and bioethical historic (65.8%), bioethical fundaments, principles and models (57.9%). 84.4% researched professors, said that bioethical discipline awake interesting on students because it actual and it's face to patient-professional relation too. It was possible to conclude that bioethical discipline treat in its content some actual and polemic themes that influence dental surgeon formation because promote him conscience and responsibility of him role front attention at oral health, and so, this discipline should be implanted, specifically in the first year of all Dentistry graduation courses.

Evaluación de las metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la bioética en las facultades de odontología Brasileñas

Introduction. Bioethics is present in Dentistry and other health areas, as scientific research that results on profession progress, as in proper clinical attendance. The study consists on valuation of teaching-learning methods of Bioethical on Brazilian Dental Schools. Materials and methods. Data collect occurred by semi-structured questioners send by e-mail and correspondence. It was realized descriptive analysis of quantitative answers, and for qualitative answers, it was used content analysis, by categorical analysis technique in according to Bardin. Results. Among 182 Dental Schools actives in Brazil, only 57 (31.3%) showed bioethical discipline in its curricular grid. It was observed the discipline is teaching on theoretical form (77.8%). Principal forms of evaluation are: writing prove (100%) and seminaries (75%). Just 6.4% of professors use bibliographic references about bioethical faced to Odontology specifically. The majority of interviewed person (74.2%) considered that bioethics is related on the direct and indirect form with all others disciplines. In relation to importance of Bioethical on dental surgeon formation, 64.7% emphasized it in professional-patient relation. Conclusion. The Bioethics show teaching and practice method of conserver evaluation, and so, it's necessary others methods directed to reflection of actual problems in odontology area that contribute significantly on integral formation of dental surgeon. © Viguera Editores SL 2009.

Bioética-sociobiologia. Neologismos oportunos? Interface da tecnociência com as ciências humanas e sociais

The article focuses on the creation of the neologisms Bioethics and Sociobiology, analyzing these two words which due to their composition evoke relations between biological sciences and human studies (ethics and sociology). Highlights that these two neologisms, in fact, were born already loaded by deep meanings, but in different senses. Emphasizes the importance of bioethics in the integration of scientific and humanistic cultures, beyond university statuary regulations. Concludes that Bioethics conveys also a suggestive message about how to create mechanisms and conditions for facing the challenges which scientific advancements, in their inexorability, present.

O papel da bioética na formação do médico

Pós-graduação em Educação - FCT

O estado puerperal e suas interseções com a bioética

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Acidente do trabalho e reparação moral não pecuniária: uma perspectiva bioética

Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS