54MeV/u~8B+Si反应总截面的测量

能量为75MeV/u的~(12)C初级束轰击2mm厚的初级Be靶,兰州放射性束流线从弹核碎片中分离出54 MeV/u的质子滴线核束~8B,再注入到Si靶上,用透射法测量了~8B与Si的反应总截面σR.对于~8B,如果用正常的核物质密度分布代入Glauber模型中,计算得到的反应截面值比实验值小得多,而用扩展的质子密度分布代入该模型中进行计算,则计算值与实验值符合很好.

中能~8B和~9C与Si反应总截面的测量

能量为 75MeV/u的12 C初级束轰击 2mm厚的初级Be靶 ,并利用RIBLL从弹核碎片中分离出 54 2MeV/u质子滴线核束8B和 61 1MeV/u的9C ,再轰击Si靶 ,用透射法测量了它们与Si的反应总截面σR.并应用Glauber模型进行理论计算 ,分析结果表明8B和9C都可能具有质子晕结构

同中子素核9C、8B、7Be和6Li在中能区与28Si反应总截面的测量

放射性束流(RIB)装置拓广了实验核物理在同位旋(T_z)自由度上从稳定核直到滴线核的广袤空间。通常，位于β-稳定线及其附近的核，N／Z在1－1.5范围变化，其分离能E_s无论对于质子还是中子，总是在6-8 MeV之间；对于远离稳定线的非稳定核，N／Z可在0.5-4范围变化，如~9C的N／Z = 0.5，~(10)He的N／Z = 4，而且分离能E_s是在0-40 MeV之间变化的，开展对这些远离β-稳定线非稳定核性质、结构的研究是目前核物理的前沿之一。核反应总截面σ_R是表征原子核性质特征的一个基本物理量，从实验测得的核反应总截面中可以得到有关核结构和核内核子分布的信息。在由放射性束流所产生奇异核的结构与各种反应机制研究中，反应总截面的测量更是有其特殊的重要性，具有奇异核结构如晕核的一个典型的物理特征就是其反应总截面要比稳定核大得多，Tanihata等人最早就是通过对放射性束流的相互作用截面的测量发现了具有奇异结构的核，即中子晕核。由于反应总截面的测量对探测器的要求不高，而且数据分析过程相对较为简单，因而反应总截面的测量已经成为放射性束核物理的研究的一个非常重要实验手段。中子晕核以及中子皮核的发现促使人们去寻找质子晕核和质子皮核，由于最后一个质子的结合能非常小只有136，keV，并且有较大的电四极矩，因而使得~8B成为质子晕的最大热门候选核，有关~8B是否具有质子晕核结构的问题，许多实验科学家得出了相互矛盾的回答；而目前有关另外一个质子晕候选核~9C的实验数据非常少，目前还没有人从实验上对~9C是否为质子晕核这一问题进行肯定或否定的回答。因此非常有必要测量~9C和~8B的反应总截面。对反应总截面进行研究的一个非常有用理论就是Glauber模型，该模型考虑了库伦效应的多次散射理论。它是一种基于自由核子-核子(N-N)碰撞的与核物质密度相关的理论，因而能够从实验测量到的反应总截面中提取核物质分布的信息。该理论对中低能区的反应总截面描述却有一个缺憾：理论值比实验值都要小。本论文主要描述了利用透射法测量了中能区同中子素核~9C、~8B、~7Be及~6Li与~(28)Si的反应总截面，并介绍了重离子碰撞以及描述重离子性质的几种常用理论。在论文里对实验测量得到的结果进行了理论分析，这些理论包括半经验的Shen公式、Glauber模型、BUU模型以及SHF理论。如果将~9C和~8B当成具有正常核结构来处理，半经验的Shen公式和Glauber模型(HO密度分布)的理论计算值总是比实验值要小得多；对于Glauber模型的理论计算值和实验值的差异，Ozawa等定义了一个差值因子d，方德清等人对轻核系统的d值进行了详细的分析。一般认为，正常核的d值在20％以内，而对于具有晕或皮奇异结构的核，其d值则超过30％，甚至可达50％，因此可根据一个核的d值是否超过30％而且比相邻核的d值明显大这种半经验的方法来判断一个核是否具有奇异结构；利用d值的分析结果，我们认为：~9C和~8B都具有奇异核结构；对于BUU模型用同样的方法引进差值因子d值，对于~9C和~8B有相同的结论。用SHF理论计算得到B和C同位素的密度分布结果显示，~9C和~8B的密度分布比相邻的同位素扩展都要大得多。为减小Glauber模型计算的反应截面与实验值的差别，本论文还对Glauber模型的输入密度形式进行了修改，在原单一HO分布基础上加一个高斯分布的尾巴，并对丰质子的同中子素核~9C、~8B、~7Be及~6Li与~(28)Si靶以及~(12)C和丰中子的C同位素核~(13-16)C与~(12)C靶的反应截面重新进行了计算，结果显示在中能区的计算值比原来单一密度分布的计算结构有明显改善。

8B的库仑离解和天体物理学S17因子的测量

对太阳中微子问题，即在地球上观测到的太阳中微子通量同标准太阳模型理论预言之间的巨大差异的解释，依赖于~7Be(p,γ)~8B反应在低能区的反应截面，即S_(17)因子，而目前测量结果中过大的不确定性(>20%)，使得有必要对这一因子重新给予精确的测定。作为对直接质子俘获截面测量的替代，库仓离解方法被利用以获取S_(17)因子。采用入射能量E(~8B) = 254MeV/u的放射性~8B次级束流，并利用其大接收度磁谱仪KaoS，我们在GSI进行的实验通过对反应事例的逐个鉴别和不变质量分析，得到对应于S_(17)因子的质子俘获反应~7Be(p,γ)~8B的时间反演过程~8B(p,γ)~7Be的反应总截面σ_(CD) = 287 ± 15mb，以及作为反应碎片间相对动能函数的微分反应截面(dσ_(CD))/(dE_(rel))(E_(rel))。通过对微分反应截面中各种多级跃迁成份的分离，并经由细致平衡原理，我们计算得到了S_(17)因子，并在理论计算的帮助下，将其外推到太阳能区：S_(17)(0) = 21.2 ± 0.9eV·b及S_(17)(20KeV) = 20.6 ±0.9eV·b。

WASP-8b: a retrograde transiting planet in a multiple system

We report the discovery of WASP-8b, a transiting planet of 2.25 ± 0.08 MJup on a strongly inclined eccentric 8.15-day orbit, moving in a retrograde direction to the rotation of its late-G host star. Evidence is found that the star is in a multiple stellar system with two other companions. The dynamical complexity of the system indicates that it may have experienced secular interactions such as the Kozai mechanism or a formation that differs from the “classical” disc-migration theory.

The spin-orbit angles of the transiting exoplanets WASP-1b, WASP-24b, WASP-38b and HAT-P-8b from Rossiter-McLaughlin observations

We present observations of the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect for the transiting exoplanets WASP-1b, WASP-24b, WASP-38b and HAT-P-8b, and deduce the orientations of the planetary orbits with respect to the host stars’ rotation axes. The planets WASP-24b, WASP-38b and HAT-P-8b appear to move in prograde orbits and be well aligned, having sky-projected spin-orbit angles consistent with zero: λ=−4°.7 ± 4°.0, 15°+33−43 and Graphic, respectively. The host stars have Teff < 6250 K and conform with the trend of cooler stars having low obliquities. WASP-38b is a massive planet on a moderately long period, eccentric orbit so may be expected to have a misaligned orbit given the high obliquities measured in similar systems. However, we find no evidence for a large spin-orbit angle. By contrast, WASP-1b joins the growing number of misaligned systems and has an almost polar orbit, λ=Graphic. It is neither very massive, eccentric nor orbiting a hot host star, and therefore does not share the properties of many other misaligned systems.

Experiences applying OVM 2.0 to an 8B/10B RTL design

The SystemVerilog implementation of the Open Verification Methodology (OVM) is exercised on an 8b/10b RTL open core design in the hope of being a simple yet complete exercise to expose the key features of OVM. Emphasis is put onto the actual usage of the verification components rather than a complete verification flow aiming at being of help to readers unfamiliar with OVM seeking to apply the methodology to their own designs. A link that takes you to the complete code is given to reinforce this aim. We found the methodology easy to use but intimidating at first glance specially for someone with little experience in object oriented programming. However it is clear to see the flexibility, portability and reusability of verification code once you manage to give some first steps.

Ric-8B interacts with G alpha olf and G gamma 13 and co-localizes with G alpha olf, G beta 1 and G gamma 13 in the cilia of olfactory sensory neurons

Olfactory sensory neurons are able to detect odorants with high sensitivity and specificity. We have demonstrated that Ric-8B, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), interacts with G alpha olf and enhances odorant receptor signaling. Here we show that Ric-8B also interacts with G gamma 13, a divergent member of the G gamma subunit family which has been implicated in taste signal transduction, and is abundantly expressed in the cilia of olfactory sensory neurons. We show that G beta 1 is the predominant GP subunit expressed in the olfactory sensory neurons. Ric-8B and G beta 1, like G alpha olf and G gamma 13, are enriched in the cilia of olfactory sensory neurons. We also show that Ric-8B interacts with G alpha olf in a nucleotide dependent manner, consistent with the role as a GEF. Our results constitute the first example of a GEF protein that interacts with two different olfactory G protein subunits and further implicate Ric-8B as a regulator of odorant signal transduction. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.