La structure de marché dans l'industrie brassicole au Canada.

Rapport de recherche

Vertical R&D Sprillovers, Cooperation, Market Structure, and Innovation.

This paper studies vertical R&D spillovers between upstream and downstream firms. The model incorporates two vertically related industries, with horizontal spillovers within each industry and vertical spillovers between the two industries. Four types of R&D cooperation are studied : no cooperation, horizontal cooperation, vertical cooperation, and simultaneous horizontal and vertical cooperation. Vertical spillovers always increase R&D and welfare, while horizontal spillovers may increase or decrease them. The comparison of cooperative settings in terms of R&D shows that no setting uniformly dominates the others. Which type of cooperation yields more R&D depends on horizontal and vertical spillovers, and market structure. The ranking of cooperative structures hinges on the signs and magnitudes of three competitive externalities (vertical, horizontal, and diagonal) which capture the effect of the R&D of a firm on the profits of other firms. One of the basic results of the strategic investment literature is that cooperation between competitors increases (decreases) R&D when horizontal spillovers are high (low); the model shows that this result does not necessarily hold when vertical spillovers and vertical cooperation are taken into account. The paper proposes a theory of innovation and market structure, showing that the relation between innovation and competition depends on horizontal spillovers, vertical spillovers, and cooperative settings. The private incentives for R&D cooperation are addressed. It is found that buyers and sellers have divergent interests regarding the choice of cooperative settings and that spillovers increase the likelihood of the emergence of cooperation in a decentralized equilibrium.

Evaluation des campagnes de prévention contre le SIDA en Suisse : rapport sur la vente des préservatifs : novembre 1987

L'évolution du chiffre de vente des préservatifs et de la structure du marché des préservatifs en Suisse ont été choisis comme mesures des effets des campagnes de prévention de l'OFSP. préservatifs en Suisse.

L'épreuve du dopage. Sociologie du cyclisme professionnel

Du cyclisme professionnel des années 1980-2000, on retient d'abord les scandales, sans connaître le rôle exact joué par la question du dopage dans la culture professionnelle des cyclistes. L'intention des auteurs n'est pas de dénoncé les coureurs consommateurs de pharmacologies ni de justifier le dopage mais d'adopter un regard sociologique sur une pratique constante dans ce milieu professionnel. Cet ouvrage s'intéresse aux acteurs et institutions qui en fixant les normes du dopage transforment les conditions d'exercice de ce métier, il montre les premières initiations, des premières compétitions à l'entrée dans le milieu professionnel. En s'appuyant sur les récits de cyclistes, les auteurs identifient les étapes d'une carrière autant physique que morale et montrent que la dynamique de la profession échappe aux cyclistes. Celle-ci dépend du cadre normatif imposé aux coureurs, de la structure du marché et des parcours individuels.

The Transformation Problem : an Aleternative Solution with an Identical Aggregate Profit Rate in the Labor value and the Monetary Space.

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that, even if Marx's solution to the transformation problem can be modified, his basic conclusions remain valid. the proposed alternative solution which is presented hare is based on the constraint of a common general profit rate in both spaces and a money wage level which will be determined simultaneously with prices.

The Wage Rate and the Profit Rate in the Price of Production Equation: a New Solution to an Old Problem

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that, even if Marx's solution to the transformation problem can be modified, his basic concusions remain valid.