We close towns for a living : spatial transformation and the Tour de France

This paper explores the ways in which the passage of the Tour de France bicycle race through France produces a distinctive cultural cartography or social map of France. Drawing on Lefebvre's (1991) conceptual triad of spatial practice, representations of space and representational spaces, the paper argues that the Tour de France both represents and is a space that is annually reordered and structured by very particular cultural practices. Through an analysis of the process (and politics) of route selection, the incorporation of iconic landscape and the transformation of civic space as the race moves across the country, the paper foregrounds the socially constructed nature of map making and the role of human intervention in producing and reproducing key cultural cartographies of France through the Tour de France.

Making space and place for knowledge production : socio-spatial development of knowledge community precincts

In the knowledge era the importance of making space and place for knowledge production is clearly understood worldwide by many city administrations that are keen on restructuring their cities as highly competitive and creative places. Consequently, knowledge-based urban development and socio-spatial development of knowledge community precincts have taken their places among the emerging agendas of the urban planning and development practice. This chapter explores these emerging issues and scrutinizes the development of knowledge community precincts that have important economic, social and cultural dimensions on the formation of competitive and creative urban regions. The chapter also sheds light on the new challenges for planning discipline, and discusses the need for and some specifics of a new planning paradigm suitable for dealing with 21st Century’s socio-economic development and urbanization problems.

Spatial epidemiology of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in a municipality of west Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Context-sensitive synaptic plasticity and temporal-to-spatial transformations in hippocampal slices

Hippocampal slices are used to show that, as a temporal input pattern of activity flows through a neuronal layer, a temporal-to-spatial transformation takes place. That is, neurons can respond selectively to the first or second of a pair of input pulses, thus transforming different temporal patterns of activity into the activity of different neurons. This is demonstrated using associative long-term potentiation of polysynaptic CA1 responses as an activity-dependent marker: by depolarizing a postsynaptic CA1 neuron exclusively with the first or second of a pair of pulses from the dentate gyrus, it is possible to “tag” different subpopulations of CA3 neurons. This technique allows sampling of a population of neurons without recording simultaneously from multiple neurons. Furthermore, it reflects a biologically plausible mechanism by which single neurons may develop selective responses to time-varying stimuli and permits the induction of context-sensitive synaptic plasticity. These experimental results support the view that networks of neurons are intrinsically able to process temporal information and that it is not necessary to invoke the existence of internal clocks or delay lines for temporal processing on the time scale of tens to hundreds of milliseconds.

Novel spatial scanning technique for surface roughness measurement

We present the first spatial scanning system using wavelength-spatial transformation of chromatic dispersion device. Optical probe used in fiber optic interferometer for surface measurement is demonstrated by using diffraction grating and wavelength scanning technique.

Architecture, memory and historical continuity in Old Cairo

The hawari (local communities) of Old Cairo resemble a unique societal context whose history is actively involved in the contemporary everyday production of local habits, traditions and social practice. By the virtue of its durability and ability to survive, Architecture brings events and traditions of the past alive into the present through the spatial transformation, social practice and the value of the historical-fabric. The presence of buildings and houses from different historical periods has helped the local community’s memory to carry social practices over from one generation to another. This article explores the relationship between architecture, memory and everyday social practices through determining the way architecture moderates community experiences and communicates narratives among generations in haret al-Darb al-Asfar in old Cairo. Architecture emerges as a moderator of cross-time communication and as physical elements that help visualize history, situate values and materialize local traditions in old Cairo. Architecture, as process and product this article reports, works as agent of continuity, which in conjunction with the narrators, brings the full experience of the past alive in the present and helps guide future generations.

A reafirmação do bairro:um estudo geo-histórico do bairro do Alecrim na cidade de Natal-RN

By the end of the 21st Century, economy globalization trends to show a velocity process through which market being expanded characterized by an intense going on of the internationalization of finance, after that marginalizing the periphery of the social spaces. It is clear to see that this process occurred in those less developed countries happens in an accentuated way just because income distribution that is so regressive and also because the insufficient enclosing of the social programs, we find this situation in a big part of Brazilian cities. The marginalizing social economical process observed in Natal, a city located in the east coast part of Northeast region in Brazil and that owns a population upper to 778 thousand in habitants is nearly linked to the extension of goods and services commerce. The installation of new urban activities in the city pointed out tourist activity as the greater impulsive thing in the phenomenon promotion, most of them aiming to promote Natal to the national and international scenery. It privilege strongly in the South zone with economical implementations such as shopping s centers, supermarkets, and home buildings condominiums leading to a loss of functionality of some traditional district located in central areas of the city. Notwithstanding, some spaces, for instance Alecrim district officially created in 1911, has notably resisted to the expansion of the urban process pointed out in Natal in the last years. So that this put Alecrim District as a district with originally characteristics reaffirmed along the historical process form old times. The predominance of some residential characteristics such as the incidence of some villages and a concentration of a big and confuse popular commerce distributed along streets puts Alecrim District as a resistant space in Natal. The same way analyze Alecrim District under the prism of Historic Geography because we understand this way it accomplishes a fundamental role in the theoretical methodological development of our work, just when we analyze the time as a variant in our object of study. It is still inside this theoretical field that we carry out a brief reviewing about quarter/district definition, under the optic from several registered and scientific resources taken into account along this work, because we understand that it was necessary to think this important spatial unit especially to know exactly what we are referring to as a district and so we can reaffirm Alecrim as an important and traditional district to Natal and it has been resisting to spatial transformation verified in the last years in Natal city. To give support to our reflection we used methodological tools related to inhabitants lifestyles knowledge and also the study of Alecrim District as a space that promote a certain centrality in Natal as some indicators to keep original characteristics in the district in Natal

Uma leitura sobre a praia de Iracema - Fortaleza (CE): transformação socioespacial do lugar e suas representações

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Território e economia política - uma abordagem a partir do novo processo de industrialização no Ceará

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Visão geográfica integrada das estratégias de controle das leishmanioses no município de Teodoro Sampaio, SP, com o apoio do geoprocessamento

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Transformaciones en el hábitat rural. Los planos topográficos de Chascomús, 1826 - 1854

Este artículo pretende exponer la influencia que las nuevas estrategias de organización territorial para la campaña bonaerense, materializadas durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX, pudieron ejercer sobre la estructura urbana y social de los pueblos de la región. Partimos del supuesto, desarrollado en otros trabajos, de que dichas estrategias definieron, en parte, la transformación espacial del territorio a partir de tres premisas: la consolidación de los poblados existentes, la fundación de nuevos poblados y el desarrollo de la colonización ejidal (1). Para poder examinar en profundidad dichas estrategias tomamos como base el análisis del espacio urbano de Chascomús y sus alrededores considerando dos momentos de su conformación: 1826 y 1855. Estas fechas se corresponden con la existencia de documentos que representan espacialmente el lugar: los planos de Saubidet de 1826 y el plano de Arrufó de 1855. A partir de estos documentos intentaremos determinar cuáles son las estrategias oficiales en relación a la organización espacial, cómo se materializa el poblado, qué tipo de entramado social presenta y cuáles son las diferencias que encontramos entre una época y otra, teniendo en consideración que la primera corresponde al inicio de la expansión de la frontera bonaerense y la segunda al auge de la etapa lanera que tiene en Chascomús uno de sus centros.

Transformaciones en el hábitat rural. Los planos topográficos de Chascomús, 1826 - 1854

Este artículo pretende exponer la influencia que las nuevas estrategias de organización territorial para la campaña bonaerense, materializadas durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX, pudieron ejercer sobre la estructura urbana y social de los pueblos de la región. Partimos del supuesto, desarrollado en otros trabajos, de que dichas estrategias definieron, en parte, la transformación espacial del territorio a partir de tres premisas: la consolidación de los poblados existentes, la fundación de nuevos poblados y el desarrollo de la colonización ejidal (1). Para poder examinar en profundidad dichas estrategias tomamos como base el análisis del espacio urbano de Chascomús y sus alrededores considerando dos momentos de su conformación: 1826 y 1855. Estas fechas se corresponden con la existencia de documentos que representan espacialmente el lugar: los planos de Saubidet de 1826 y el plano de Arrufó de 1855. A partir de estos documentos intentaremos determinar cuáles son las estrategias oficiales en relación a la organización espacial, cómo se materializa el poblado, qué tipo de entramado social presenta y cuáles son las diferencias que encontramos entre una época y otra, teniendo en consideración que la primera corresponde al inicio de la expansión de la frontera bonaerense y la segunda al auge de la etapa lanera que tiene en Chascomús uno de sus centros.

Transformaciones en el hábitat rural. Los planos topográficos de Chascomús, 1826 - 1854

Este artículo pretende exponer la influencia que las nuevas estrategias de organización territorial para la campaña bonaerense, materializadas durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX, pudieron ejercer sobre la estructura urbana y social de los pueblos de la región. Partimos del supuesto, desarrollado en otros trabajos, de que dichas estrategias definieron, en parte, la transformación espacial del territorio a partir de tres premisas: la consolidación de los poblados existentes, la fundación de nuevos poblados y el desarrollo de la colonización ejidal (1). Para poder examinar en profundidad dichas estrategias tomamos como base el análisis del espacio urbano de Chascomús y sus alrededores considerando dos momentos de su conformación: 1826 y 1855. Estas fechas se corresponden con la existencia de documentos que representan espacialmente el lugar: los planos de Saubidet de 1826 y el plano de Arrufó de 1855. A partir de estos documentos intentaremos determinar cuáles son las estrategias oficiales en relación a la organización espacial, cómo se materializa el poblado, qué tipo de entramado social presenta y cuáles son las diferencias que encontramos entre una época y otra, teniendo en consideración que la primera corresponde al inicio de la expansión de la frontera bonaerense y la segunda al auge de la etapa lanera que tiene en Chascomús uno de sus centros.

Methodology for registration of distended recutms in pelvic CT studies

Purpose: Accurate delineation of the rectum is of high importance in off-line adaptive radiation therapy since it is a major dose-limiting organ in prostate cancer radiotherapy. The intensity-based deformable image registration (DIR) methods cannot create a correct spatial transformation if there is no correspondence between the template and the target images. The variation of rectal filling, gas, or feces, creates a noncorrespondence in image intensities that becomes a great obstacle for intensity-based DIR. Methods: In this study the authors have designed and implemented a semiautomatic method to create a rectum mask in pelvic computed tomography (CT) images. The method, that includes a DIR based on the demons algorithm, has been tested in 13 prostate cancer cases, each comprising of two CT scans, for a total of 26 CT scans. Results: The use of the manual segmentation in the planning image and the proposed rectum mask method (RMM) method in the daily image leads to an improvement in the DIR performance in pelvic CT images, obtaining a mean value of overlap volume index = 0.89, close to the values obtained using the manual segmentations in both images. Conclusions: The application of the RMM method in the daily image and the manual segmentations in the planning image during prostate cancer treatments increases the performance of the registration in presence of rectal fillings, obtaining very good agreement with a physician's manual contours.