Laminar flow of soursop juice through concentric annuli: Friction factors and rheology

Laminar axial flow of a pseudoplastic fluid food (soursop, juice) in annular ducts has been experimentally investigated. In the first part of the manuscript, the rheological behavior of soursop juice, being essential for the annular flow analysis, was completely determined from 9.3 to 49.4 degrees Brix and temperatures from 0.4 degrees C to 68.8 degrees C, using a rotational rheometer equipped with coaxial cylinders. In order to test the adequacy of the rheology results, pressure loss data in the laminar pipe flow were collected and then experimental and theoretical friction factors were compared, showing excellent agreement, which indicated the reliability of the Power-Law model for describing the soursop juices. In the second part, pressure loss in annular regions was measured and used to estimate friction factors, which were then compared to those resulted from analytical and semi-analytical equations. The principal contributions of this article are to provide a review on the determination of friction factors-Reynolds number of pseudoplastic fluids in annuli, and also supply extensive new experimental data on the rheological properties and pressure loss of an important shear-thinning fluid food, which is of particular interest for the food engineering process design. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effect of apparent viscosity on the pressure drop during fluidized bed drying of soursop pulp

Pressure drop and minimum fluidization velocity were experimentally studied in a vibro-fluidized bed of inert particles subjected to different vibration intensities during drying of soursop pulp. Maltodextrin was added to the pulp in order to prevent stickiness between particles and the consequent bed collapse. Pulps were initially concentrated, resulting in pastes with different soluble solids content, and a constant fraction of maltodextrin was guaranteed in the final pulp samples. The pulp theological behavior as affected by temperature and total soluble solids content, including maltodextrin, was evaluated and the effect of pulp apparent viscosity on pressure drop and minimum vibro-fluidization velocity were investigated. Two types of inert particles -3.6 mm glass beads and 3 mm Teflon cylinders (length and diameter) - were tested and, due to lower pressure drop presented by Teflon cylinders during operation of the dry vibro-fluidized bed, these particles were adopted for pulp drying process. Increasing pulp apparent viscosity caused a considerable increase in the vibro-fluidized bed pressure drop during pulp drying and, as a consequence resulted in a larger value of minimum vibro-fluidization velocity. on the other hand, the negative effect of increasing apparent viscosity could be attenuated by increasing the fluidized bed vibration intensity, which could prevent stickiness between particles. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Soursop (Annona muricata L.) and sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.): Antioxidant activity, fatty acids profile and determination of tocopherols

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the soursop and sugar apple seeds as to its composition, to evaluate the antioxidant potential of seeds extract and characterize the oil extracted from them, regarding the fatty acids profile and content of tocopherols. Design/methodology/approach: To obtain the extracts, dried and crushed seeds were extracted with ethanol for 30 minutes, at a ratio of 1:3 (m/m, seed: ethyl alcohol) under continuous stirring at room temperature. Then, the mixture was filtered and the supernatants subjected to rotoevaporator at 40°C aiming to determine, by direct weighing, the yields of dry extracts. Findings: According to the results, the soursop and sugar apple seeds constituted significant sources of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates and can therefore be used in food and feed, and offer relevant antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds. The oil seeds are a good source of unsaturated fatty acids, especially oleic and linoleic acids and they have significant amounts of total tocopherol. Research limitations/implications: Implications are the identification of bioactive compounds extracted from seeds of tropical and subtropical fruits, and to prevent certain types of diseases. Practical implications: The information presented might be directly used for developing of functional foods such as fruits. Originality/value: The article tries to identify new source of compounds extracted from fruits. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Manejo da fertilidade do solo e adubacao no pre-plantio e plantio da gravioleira.

2001

Processo para obtencao de graviolas sadias e com qualidade.

2001

Biologia de Tetranychus mexicanus (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) em três espécies de Annonaceae

The mite Tetranychus mexicanus (McGregor) is considered a pest of a variety of plant species in the Americas. Although this mite apparently causes economic damage to Annonaceae, little is known about its biology Here we studied the biology of T. mexicanus on soursop (Annona muricata), sweetsop (Annona squamosa) and araticum (Annona coriaceae). The first two species are the most important economical Annonaceae species in northeast Brazil; araticum is commonly found in the region, but not commercially explored. The mites were collected in the field from leaves of A. muricata and maintained in the laboratory for six months on detached leaves of A. muricata, A.squamosa and A. coriaceae, respectively, before observations started. Tetranychus mexicanus developed more slowly on A. squamosa than on the two other hosts, but oviposition was considerably lower on A. coriaceae. As indicated by the calculated life table parameters, biotic potential was higher on A. muricata than on the other hosts. Despite the observed differences in the T. mexicanus biology on the different evaluated hosts, development and reproduction were satisfactory in all of the hosts used.

Ocorrência de Trichospilus diatraeae (Hym.: Eulophidae) em broca-das-cucurbitáceas, no Brasil

Este trabalho tem como objetivo registrar a primeira ocorrência, no Brasil, do parasitóide de pupas Trichospilus diatraeae (Cherian & Margabandhu, 1942) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) na broca-das-cucurbitáceas, Diaphania hyalinata (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). A espécie T. diatraeae já foi relatada no Brasil em pragas da gravioleira no Distrito Federal e eucalipto nos estados de Minas Gerais e São Paulo. No sistema produtivo da abóbora D. hyalinata é reconhecidamente uma praga importante por causar sérios prejuízos em função das injúrias provocadas em diferentes partes da planta. A ocorrência do parasitóide foi registrada em pupas coletadas no campo, localizado no campus experimental do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), no município de Alegre-ES.

Diagnose foliar da gravioleira (Annona muricata L.): efeito da posição de ramos e folhas

A carência de informações na literatura sobre a amostragem de folhas da gravioleira, particularmente, a definição da posição da folha na copa das árvores e das folhas nos ramos ainda é um fator limitante para a diagnose foliar dessa cultura. Objetivando determinar a parte da planta indicada para a amostragem de folhas e a avaliação do estado nutricional da gravioleira conduziu-se um experimento no Campo Experimental da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Agroindústria Tropical, em Pacajus (CE), no período de março a abril de 2003. Colheram-se folhas de três posições da copa (terço superior, terço médio e terço inferior) e três posições no ramo (folhas da parte apical, mediana e basal) e determinaram-se os teores de P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Cu, Zn e Mn. Os resultados permitem sugerir que os teores de minerais das folhas da parte mediana da copa das árvores e na posição mediana do ramo refletem melhor o estado nutricional da frutífera.

Laminar forced convection to a pseudoplastic fluid food in circular and annular ducts

In this manuscript we investigated experimentally the steady-state heat transfer to an important pseudoplastic fluid food, the soursop juice, flowing in laminar regime through circular and concentric annular ducts. The mean convection heat transfer coefficients, determined by measuring the bulk temperatures before and after the heating sections with constant temperatures of the tube walls, were used to correlate simple new empiric expressions to estimate the average Nusselt number in the thermal entrance of the considered geometries. In addition, the thermophysical properties of the tested fluid food, as well as the rheological behavior, being essential for the heat transfer analyses, were experimentally determined. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Lâminas de irrigação e cobertura do solo na produção e qualidade de frutos da gravioleira

The crop of soursop has been known for presenting great potential for the domestic market and good prospects for export. In this context, an experiment was conducted in the municipality of Remigio in the state of Paraiba, in order to evaluate the effects of irrigation depths applied weekly on the productive behavior and postharvest quality of fruits of soursop 'Morada' in the soil with and without mulching with crop residues. Treatments were arranged in randomized blocks with three replications and three plants per plot, using a factorial arrangement 5×2, referring to the soil with and without mulching with crop residues, and five irrigation depths of 0, 4.3, 8.6, 12.9 and 17.2 mm plant1. Irrigation was performed manually, once a week from September 2008 to March 2009. The presence of mulch on the soil and increasing depths of irrigation elevated the values of mean mass, production per plant and yield of soursop 'Morada', and decreased the levels of soluble solids.

Desenvolvimento de bebida a base de leite de soja acrescida de suco de graviola

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Efeitos da annona muricata (graviola) e de seu componente β-sitosterol, sobre a adiposidade abdominal, resposta glicêmica, metabolismo energético à obesidade experiemental

Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

Perfil de comercialização das Anonáceas nas Ceasas brasileiras

The anonas' quantity at Brazilian main terminal markets is growing and is concentrated at CEAGESP - 61%. SIEM's data has shown a large supply growth of atemoya and soursop, 35% and 32% respectively, and a sweetsop's decrease - 20%, from 2011 to 2012 at CEAGESP. Atemoya (54%), soursop (41%) and sweetsop (5%) are the most important anonnas at CEAGESP terminal market. The origin is concentrated in the state of Bahia - soursop and sweetsop and atemoya from Minas Gerais and São Paulo. The study of the value differentiation causes, comparing atemoya batches of the same grade size, of maximum and minimum value, at the same day, has shown the size homogeneity as the most important characteristic for value differentiation. The best strategy to promote the value differentiation for the grower is to improve size selection - its visual homogeneity.

Uso de extratos vegetais no controle in vitro do Colletotrichum gloeosporioides penz. Coletado em frutos de mamoeiro (Carica papaya L.)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)