Efficacy and safety of adalimumab in patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: Results of a randomised placebo-controlled trial (ABILITY-1)

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of adalimumab in patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA). Methods: Patients fulfilled Assessment of Spondyloarthritis international Society (ASAS) criteria for axial spondyloarthritis, had a Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) score of ≥ 4, total back pain score of ≥ 4 (10 cm visual analogue scale) and inadequate response, intolerance or contraindication to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs); patients fulfilling modified New York criteria for ankylosing spondylitis were excluded. Patients were randomised to adalimumab (N=91) or placebo (N=94). The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients achieving ASAS40 at week 12. Efficacy assessments included BASDAI and Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS). MRI was performed at baseline and week 12 and scored using the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) index. Results: Significantly more patients in the adalimumab group achieved ASAS40 at week 12 compared with patients in the placebo group (36% vs 15%, p<0.001). Significant clinical improvements based on other ASAS responses, ASDAS and BASDAI were also detected at week 12 with adalimumab treatment, as were improvements in quality of life measures. Inflammation in the spine and sacroiliac joints on MRI significantly decreased after 12 weeks of adalimumab treatment. Shorter disease duration, younger age, elevated baseline C-reactive protein or higher SPARCC MRI sacroiliac joint scores were associated with better week 12 responses to adalimumab. The safety profile was consistent with what is known for adalimumab in ankylosing spondylitis and other diseases. Conclusions: In patients with nr-axSpA, adalimumab treatment resulted in effective control of disease activity, decreased inflammation and improved quality of life compared with placebo. Results from ABILITY-1 suggest that adalimumab has a positive benefit-risk profile in active nr-axSpA patients with inadequate response to NSAIDs.

Uso de lisados bacterianos en la prevención de la infección respiratoria recurrente en pediatría. Revisión sistemática de la literatura

Las infecciones respiratorias altas y bajas son una causa común de morbimortalidad infantil. Se ha propuesto el uso de los lisados bacterianos para prevenir las infecciones recurrentes sin embargo su uso aún se considera controversial. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura. La búsqueda se realizó a través de las bases de datos PUBMED, Embase, Ovid, LiLaCS y Cochrane library plus. Se incluyeron metanálisis publicados en idiomas inglés y español, entre los años 1998 y 2012. Se realizó una evaluación de calidad siguiendo la estrategia Quorum y un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de los resultados. Resultados: Se incluyeron 4 revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura con metanálisis. Fue apreciable la disminución de las recurrencias de las infecciones respiratorias relacionadas con el uso de los lisados bacterianos. Los lisados bacterianos disminuyen la necesidad de uso de antibióticos. No se encontró evidencia sobre el uso de los lisados sobre desenlaces como la necesidad de intervenciones adicionales, tiempo de hospitalización, costo relacionado con la atención en salud. No se reportaron eventos adversos de importancia. Conclusión: Los lisados bacterianos son eficaces en disminuir la recurrencia de las infecciones respiratorias en pacientes en edad pediátrica.

Relação entre poluição do ar e internações hospitalares por doenças respiratórias e cardiovascular em uma cidade do interior do Estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Fisioterapia - FCT