De l'original au remake : l'évolution de la représentation du mal et de la violence dans les slashers

Depuis le début du nouveau millénaire, le cinéma s’est vu envahi par une pratique qui n’avait jamais atteint une telle ampleur : le remake. Lorsque comparée à son film source, la nouvelle version est à tout coup semblable, mais différente à la fois; ont-ils plus de points en commun qu’ils en ont avec les films de leurs époques respectives? En utilisant cette vague de remakes des années 2000, la présente étude propose une analyse comparative afin de démontrer l’évolution de la représentation du mal et de la violence retrouvée dans les remakes d’horreur de type slashers. En guise de première partie, ce mémoire débute avec l’élaboration de la fonction du genre ainsi que celle du remake. Puis, un second chapitre est dédié à la constitution des premiers cycles des slashers afin de comprendre le cheminement du sous-genre. L’étude se conclut par la comparaison de ces informations avec les résultats de l’analyse des remakes de slashers.

Sessão dupla: o original e a cópia (o remake, a sátira, a paródia)

Sessão Dupla é um livro de caráter coletivo no qual os colaboradores escolheram o título de um filme de sua preferência, a partir de uma lista com 1300 filmes, e escreveram a crítica de pelo menos duas versões da obra selecionada, a original e um de seus remakes. O livro ainda conta dois ensaios: o primeiro sobre a relação entre cinema, arte e comércio; e o segundo acerca da prática de produção de continuações, remakes e reboots no mundo cinematográfico.

Sessão dupla: o original e a cópia (o remake, a sátira, a paródia)

Sessão Dupla é um livro de caráter coletivo no qual os colaboradores escolheram o título de um filme de sua preferência, a partir de uma lista com 1300 filmes, e escreveram a crítica de pelo menos duas versões da obra selecionada, a original e um de seus remakes. O livro ainda conta dois ensaios: o primeiro sobre a relação entre cinema, arte e comércio; e o segundo acerca da prática de produção de continuações, remakes e reboots no mundo cinematográfico.

Cinéma, machine à mondes : essai sur les films à univers multiples

Dans cet ouvrage, l'auteur propose une conceptualisation théorique de la coprésence en un même film de mondes multiples en abordant différents paramètres (hétérogénéité de la facture de l'image, pratiques du montage alterné, typologie des enchâssements, expansion sérielle, etc.) sur la base d'un corpus de films de fiction récents qui appartiennent pour la plupart au genre de la science-fiction (Matrix, Dark City, Avalon, Resident Evil, Avatar,...). Issue de la filmologie, la notion de « diégèse » y est développée à la fois dans le potentiel d'autonomisation dont témoigne la conception mondaine qui semble dominer aujourd'hui à l'ère des jeux vidéo, dans ses liens avec le récit et dans une perspective intermédiale. Les films discutés ont la particularité de mettre en scène des machines permettant aux personnages de passer d'un monde à l'autre : les modes de figuration de ces technologies sont investigués en lien avec les imaginaires du dispositif cinématographique et les potentialité du montage. La comparaison entre les films (Tron et son récent sequel, Totall Recall et son remake) et entre des oeuvres filmiques et littéraires (en particulier les nouvelles de Philip K. Dick et Simlacron 3 de Galouye) constitue un outil d'analyse permettant de saisir la contemporanéité de cette problématique, envisagée sur le plan esthétique dans le contexte de l'imagerie numérique.

Explaining rapid transitions in the practice of flood risk management

This article draws on empirical material to reflect on what drives rapid change in flood risk management practice, reflecting wider interest in the way that scientific practices make risk landscapes and a specific focus on extreme events as drivers of rapid change. Such events are commonly referred to as a form of creative destruction, ones that reveal both the composition of socioenvironmental assemblages and provide a creative opportunity to remake those assemblages in alternate ways, therefore rapidly changing policy and practice. Drawing on wider thinking in complexity theory, we argue that what happens between events might be as, if not more, important than the events themselves. We use two empirical examples concerned with flood risk management practice: a rapid shift in the dominant technologies used to map flood risk in the United Kingdom and an experimental approach to public participation tested in two different locations, with dramatically different consequences. Both show that the state of the socioenvironmental assemblage in which the events take place matters as much as the magnitude of the events themselves. The periods between rapid changes are not simply periods of discursive consolidation but involve the ongoing mutation of such assemblages, which could either sensitize or desensitize them to rapid change. Understanding these intervening periods matters as much as the events themselves. If events matter, it is because of the ways in which they might bring into sharp focus the coding or framing of a socioenvironmental assemblage in policy or scientific practice irrespective of whether or not those events evolve the assemblage in subtle or more radical ways.

Target audience analysis in cyber domain

This thesis aims to find an effective way of conducting a target audience analysis (TAA) in cyber domain. There are two main focal points that are addressed; the nature of the cyber domain and the method of the TAA. Of the cyber domain the object is to find the opportunities, restrictions and caveats that result from its digital and temporal nature. This is the environment in which the TAA method is examined in this study. As the TAA is an important step of any psychological operation and critical to its success, the method used must cover all the main aspects affecting the choice of a proper target audience. The first part of the research was done by sending an open-ended questionnaire to operators in the field of information warfare both in Finland and abroad. As the results were inconclusive, the research was completed by assessing the applicability of United States Army Joint Publication FM 3-05.301 in the cyber domain via a theory-based content analysis. FM 3- 05.301 was chosen because it presents a complete method of the TAA process. The findings were tested against the results of the questionnaire and new scientific research in the field of psychology. The cyber domain was found to be “fast and vast”, volatile and uncontrollable. Although governed by laws to some extent, the cyber domain is unpredictable by nature and not controllable to reasonable amount. The anonymity and lack of verification often present in the digital channels mean that anyone can have an opinion, and any message sent may change or even be counterproductive to the original purpose. The TAA method of the FM 3-05.301 is applicable in the cyber domain, although some parts of the method are outdated and thus suggested to be updated if used in that environment. The target audience categories of step two of the process were replaced by new groups that exist in the digital environment. The accessibility assessment (step eight) was also redefined, as in the digital media the mere existence of a written text is typically not enough to convey the intended message to the target audience. The scientific studies made in computer sciences and both in psychology and sociology about the behavior of people in social media (and overall in cyber domain) call for a more extensive remake of the TAA process. This falls, however, out of the scope of this work. It is thus suggested that further research should be carried out in search of computer-assisted methods and a more thorough TAA process, utilizing the latest discoveries of human behavior. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tämän opinnäytetyön tavoitteena on löytää tehokas tapa kohdeyleisöanalyysin tekemiseksi kybertoimintaympäristössä. Työssä keskitytään kahteen ilmiöön: kybertoimintaympäristön luonteeseen ja kohdeyleisöanalyysin metodiin. Kybertoimintaympäristön osalta tavoitteena on löytää sen digitaalisesta ja ajallisesta luonteesta juontuvat mahdollisuudet, rajoitteet ja sudenkuopat. Tämä on se ympäristö jossa kohdeyleisöanalyysiä tarkastellaan tässä työssä. Koska kohdeyleisöanalyysi kuuluu olennaisena osana jokaiseen psykologiseen operaatioon ja on onnistumisen kannalta kriittinen tekijä, käytettävän metodin tulee pitää sisällään kaikki oikean kohdeyleisön valinnan kannalta merkittävät osa-alueet. Tutkimuksen ensimmäisessä vaiheessa lähetettiin avoin kysely informaatiosodankäynnin ammattilaisille Suomessa ja ulkomailla. Koska kyselyn tulokset eivät olleet riittäviä johtopäätösten tekemiseksi, tutkimusta jatkettiin tarkastelemalla Yhdysvaltojen armeijan kenttäohjesäännön FM 3-05.301 soveltuvuutta kybertoimintaympäristössä käytettäväksi teorialähtöisen sisällönanalyysin avulla. FM 3-05.301 valittiin koska se sisältää kokonaisvaltaisen kohdeyleisöanalyysiprosessin. Havaintoja verrattiin kyselytutkimuksen tuloksiin ja psykologian uusiin tutkimuksiin. Kybertoimintaympäristö on tulosten perusteella nopea ja valtava, jatkuvasti muuttuva ja kontrolloimaton. Vaikkakin lait hallitsevat kybertoimintaympäristöä jossakin määrin, on se silti luonteeltaan ennakoimaton eikä sitä voida luotettavasti hallita. Digitaalisilla kanavilla usein läsnäoleva nimettömyys ja tiedon tarkastamisen mahdottomuus tarkoittavat että kenellä tahansa voi olla mielipide asioista, ja mikä tahansa viesti voi muuttua, jopa alkuperäiseen tarkoitukseen nähden vastakkaiseksi. FM 3-05.301:n metodi toimii kybertoimintaympäristössä, vaikkakin jotkin osa-alueet ovat vanhentuneita ja siksi ne esitetään päivitettäväksi mikäli metodia käytetään kyseisessä ympäristössä. Kohdan kaksi kohdeyleisökategoriat korvattiin uusilla, digitaalisessa ympäristössä esiintyvillä ryhmillä. Lähestyttävyyden arviointi (kohta 8) muotoiltiin myös uudestaan, koska digitaalisessa mediassa pelkkä tekstin läsnäolo ei sellaisenaan tyypillisesti vielä riitä halutun viestin välittämiseen kohdeyleisölle. Tietotekniikan edistyminen ja psykologian sekä sosiologian aloilla tehty tieteellinen tutkimus ihmisten käyttäytymisestä sosiaalisessa mediassa (ja yleensä kybertoimintaympäristössä) mahdollistavat koko kohdeyleisöanalyysiprosessin uudelleenrakentamisen. Tässä työssä sitä kuitenkaan ei voida tehdä. Siksi esitetäänkin että lisätutkimusta tulisi tehdä sekä tietokoneavusteisten prosessien että vielä syvällisempien kohdeyleisöanalyysien osalta, käyttäen hyväksi viimeisimpiä ihmisen käyttäytymiseen liittyviä tutkimustuloksia.

Invprest

Invprest es la primera plataforma de préstamos entre personas en Colombia y Latinoamérica dirigida exclusivamente para Millenials; es decir conectamos a personas que necesitan financiamiento con personas que están dispuestas a prestar a una tasa justa, equitativa y más rentable que la del mercado financiero. Se tiene en cuenta un estudio de crédito diferente al tradicional donde se revisan factores de la personalidad y comportamentales del solicitante de crédito para conocer su riesgo. Actualmente una gran parte de los usuarios financieros se sienten insatisfechos con los servicios que prestan las entidades bancarias. La tecnología y nuevos modelos de economía colaborativa han abierto el espacio a nuevas formas de consumo, entre ellos la innovación en los servicios bancarios que han funcionado por mucho tiempo de la misma forma. La falta de un excelente servicio, unas tasas de interés que no reflejan las condiciones del mercado, la falta de un servicio que incluya las necesidades de los clientes en una economía digital son problemas que se resuelven con este emprendimiento. Se busca llegar a un mercado potencial de 170.000 personas en Bogotá y en Colombia de 638.000 aproximadamente. El mercado en Colombia es nuevo, naciente y con potencial de crecimiento. Actualmente hay más de 70 países que cuentan con plataformas de este estilo y se espera que las inversiones en estos modelos de negocio sean mayores a $14.000 Millones de dólares en el 2.015. Así mismo en Colombia cada vez se conoce más sobre los cambios de la industria financiera mundial. Invprest se diferencia en otros aspectos relacionados con el seguimiento de la cartera, los requerimientos relacionados a la posesión de activos fijos que en este modelo no son necesarios si la persona tiene buenos ingresos y la utilización de firmas electrónicas para que todos los procesos se puedan hacer electrónicamente. Yohan Florez es un apasionado por el tema de finanzas que ha logrado contactar e incluir a personas de Fiduciarias, Brigard & Urrutia, Certicamara y otros expertos financieros en la creación de las soluciones que se le pueden dar a los problemas de este proceso y que ayudan con su conocimiento y experiencia para el desarrollo del proyecto. 3 En el corto plazo la empresa se va a consolidar en Colombia y en el mediano- largo plazo se van a realizar las acciones para expandir el modelo a otros países de Latinoamérica. Se espera que en el tercer año se cuente con ingresos superiores a los $1.700 millones de pesos con una ganancia de $98 millones, el punto de equilibrio se alcanza en el mes 11. El medio para llegar a los clientes es usando redes sociales con publicidad dirigida, así mismo el Ceo será el principal vendedor de la compañía al inicio de la operación. La inversión inicial requerida para el proyecto empresarial es de $201.000.000.

Impegno nero: Italian intellectuals and the African-American struggle

In the aftermath of the Second World War, Italian intellectuals participated in Italy’s reconstruction with an ideological commitment inspired by the African-American struggle for equal rights in the United States. Drawing on the work of many of the leading figures in postwar Italian culture, including Italo Calvino, Giorgio Caproni, Cesare Pavese, and Elio Vittorini, this essay argues that Italian intellectual impegno—defined as the effort to remake Italian culture and to guide Italian social reform—was united with a significant investment in the African-American cause. The author terms this tendency impegno nero and traces its development in the critical reception of African-American writers including W.E.B. DuBois, Langston Hughes, and Richard Wright. Postwar impegno nero is then contrasted with the treatment of African-American themes under Fascism, when commentators had likewise condemned American racism, but had paradoxically linked their laments for the plight of African Americans with defenses of the racial policies of the Fascist regime. Indeed, Fascist colonialism and anti-Semitism were both justified through references to what Fascist intellectuals believed to be America’s greater injustices. After 1945, in contrast, Italian intellectuals advocated an international, interdependent campaign for justice, symbolizing national reforms by projecting them onto an emblematic America. In this way, impegno nero revived and revised the celebrated "myth of America" that had developed in Italy between the world wars. Advancing a new, postwar myth, Italian intellectuals adopted the African-American struggle in order to reinforce their own efforts in the ongoing struggle for justice in Italy.

Object-love at the Science Museum: cultural geographies of museum storerooms

The field of museum geography is taking on new significance as geographers and museum-studies scholars make sense of the spatial relations between the people, things, practices and buildings that make and remake museums. In order to strengthen this spatial interest in museums, this paper makes important connections between recent work in cultural geography and museum studies on love, materiality and the museum effect. This paper marks a departure from the preoccupation with the public spaces of museums to go behind the scenes of the Science Museum in London to explore its rarely visited, but nonetheless lively, small-to-medium-sized object storerooms at Blythe House. Incorporating field diary entries and interview extracts from two research projects based upon the museum storerooms at Blythe House, this paper brings to life the social interactions that take place between museum curators and conservators and the objects they care for. This focus on object-love enables scholars to consider anew what museums are and what they are for, the life of the museum object in the storeroom, and the emotional practices of professional curatorship and conservation. This journey into the storeroom at Blythe House makes explicit how object-love shapes museum space.

A proposta do estado empregador de ultima instância e o experimentalismo democrático: uma reflexão teórica sobre a compatibilidade desses dois programas

This paper aims to make a theoretical reflection on the theoretical compatibility between the program State Employer of Last Resort (ELR) and the Democratic experimentalism (ED). The ED arises in political thought as an alternative to neo-liberal and social democratic programs in order to rescue the discussion about the institutional organization of society and the market economy. About the involuntary unemployment, it proposes tax changes incidents on payroll and proposes work fronts to the most vulnerable or poorly trained. The hypothesis of this paper is that this approach is compatible with the ELR program, the post- Keynesian line. The ELR is presented as transgression of the mainstream of economic thought by proposing that the State acts as guarantor of employment, working as a stabilizing anchor for the economy. On the edge, the ELR proposes eliminate completely involuntary unemployment. The implementation of the ELR, however, requires the construction of institutions that aim to remake the market economy, as well as deepen and energize politics and democracy, goals that are part of the ED program. Thus, the ED would, in theory, an environment conducive to innovative policies guarantors of training and occupation of the individual, essential for their emancipation institutional environment. In Brazil, which has serious infrastructure problems and qualification of manpower, such a program has enormous potential benefit. However when transposed to the Northeast of Brazil through the Plan for the region based on the principles of the ED and the hypothetical coupling to the ELR could not confirm or reject the hypothesis sub-compatibility of these two theoretical frameworks. The findings point to a partial convergence between these two programs

Shear bond strength of metal-ceramic repair systems

Statement of problem. When clinical fractures of the ceramic veneer on metal-ceramic prostheses can be repaired, the need for remake may be eliminated or postponed. Many different ceramic repair materials are available, and bond strength data are necessary for predicting the success of a given repair system.Purpose. This study evaluated the shear bond strength of different repair systems for metal-ceramic restorations applied on metal and porcelain.Material and methods. Fifty cylindrical specimens (9 X 3 mm) were fabricated in a nickel-chromium alloy (Vera Bond 11) and 50 in feldspathic porcelain (Noritakc). Metal (M) and porcelain (P) specimens were embedded in a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ring and received I of the following bonding and resin composite repair systems (n=10): Clearfil SE Bond/Clearfil AP-X (CL), Bistite II DC/Palfique (BT), Cojet Sand/Z100 (Q), Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus/Z100 (SB) (control group), or Cojet Sand plus Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus/Z100 (CJSB). The specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37 degrees C, thermal cycled (1000 cycles at 5 degrees C to 55 degrees C), and stored at 37 degrees C for 8 days. Shear bond tests between the metal or ceramic specimens and repair systems were performed in a mechanical testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Mean shear bond strength values (MPa) were submitted to 1-way ANOVA and Tukey honestly significant difference tests (alpha=.05). Each specimen was examined under a stereoscopic lens with X 30 magnification, and mode of failure was classified as adhesive, cohesive, or a combination.Results. on metal, the mean shear bond strength values for the groups were as follows: MCL, 18.40 +/- 2.88(b); MBT, 8.57 +/- 1.00(d); MCJ, 25.24 +/- 3.46(a); MSB, 16.26 +/- 3.09(bc); and MCJSB, 13.11 +/- 1.24(c). on porcelain, the mean shear bond strength values ofeach group were as follows: PCL, 16.91 +/- 2.22(b); PBT, 18.04 +/- 3.2(ab); PCJ, 19.54 +/- 3.77(ab); PSB, 21.05 +/- 3.22(a); and PCJSB, 16.18 +/- 1.71(b). Within each substrate, identical superscript letters denote no significant differences among groups.Conclusions. The bond strength for the metal substrate was significantly higher using the Q system. For porcelain, SB, Q, and BT systems showed the highest shear bond strength values, and only SB was significantly different compared to CL and CJSB (P <.05).

A formação científica do conceito de consciência em Hegel

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O Testamento de Dona Balbina: um estudo de caso sobre escravidão e propriedade em Guarapuava (1851-1865)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Refletindo uma prática pedagógica no ensino de ciências baseada na alfabetização científica: relato de uma parceria entre professora e pesquisador

A alfabetização científica vem se destacando já há alguns anos como tendência metodológica no ensino de ciências. Seu principal objetivo é educar cidadãos para participarem dos rumos da ciência através de uma compreensão mais clara de seus fins. Todavia, para que isso ocorra é necessário que professores reflitam sobre as limitações que se impõem à prática docente antes de se aventurarem em adotar alguma nova metodologia. Nesse sentido, parcerias entre pesquisadores e professores podem se mostrar mais eficientes na condução do processo de mudança no ensino tradicional. A eficiência dessas parcerias encontra-se nos momentos de reflexão ocorridos durante a prática conjunta de pesquisadores e professores. Além disso, as transformações no ensino tendem a ser mais duradouras e eficientes quando os conhecimentos dos professores são levados em consideração, possibilitando um refazer pedagógico mais autônomo aos professores. Neste trabalho, apresentamos, discutimos e analisamos as reflexões de uma professora de ciências em torno de uma proposta pedagógica baseada na alfabetização científica. Utilizamos a pesquisa-ação como meio de efetivar uma parceria entre professora e pesquisador. Para isso, inicialmente resgatamos a formação inicial da professora e o perfil de seu cotidiano escolar. Posteriormente, destacamos as reflexões da professora sobre a atividade pedagógica. Nosso objetivo é ressaltar a importância de parcerias entre professores e pesquisadores na busca do desenvolvimento da prática de professores por meio da reflexão. Constatamos que a parceria efetuada foi útil nos termos de possibilitar à professora um olhar mais investigativo sobre sua prática, no sentido de questioná-la e propor novos encaminhamentos.