Pitkäikäisyyden viimeaikainen kehitys

Perustuu III Gerontologian päivillä 30.1.1998 pidettyyn esitelmään

Eri formaatissa olevan tiedon yhdistäminen verkostoituneen yrityksen tietojärjestelmässä sekä yhdistämisen vaikutus yrityksen tietojohtamiseen

Päättötyössäni tutkin, kuinka yritys voi yhdistää monimuotoista tietoa tietojärjestelmässään sekä millainen vaikutus yhdistämisellä on yrityksen tietojohtamiseen. Työni perustuu ongelman ratkaisuun. Selvitän alussa eri muotoisen tiedon yhdistämisen teoriaa ja käsitteitä sekä yritysten verkostoitumisen periaatetta, tietovirtoja, tietojohtamista, tietopääomaa. Keskeisin seikka yhdistämisessä on konvertointi. Käsittelen laajasti SGML :n suomia mahdollisuuksia, koska tavoitteena on laite- ja ohjelmistoympäristöistä riippumaton dokumentin esitysmuoto sekä rakenteen ja tulostusasun erottaminen toisistaan. Rakenteisella lähestymistavalla on useita etuja, kuten tiedon organisointi dokumentissa, tiedon uudelleenkäytön mahdollistaminen sekä dokumenttien pitkäikäisyys. Rakenteen merkkaus mahdollistaa dokumentin muuntamisen useisiin eri esitysmuotoihin. Empiirisessä osassa tutkin ja ratkaisen Televirmi Oy:lle tekemäni sovelluksen avulla, kuinka eri muodossa olevat tiedostot yhdistetään relaatiotietokantaan ja otetaan käyttöön tietojärjestelmässä. Yhdistämisen jälkeen analysoin yhdistämisen vaikutuksia yrityksen tietojohtamiseen yleisellä tasolla sekä tiedon hyödyntämisen mahdollisuuksia.

Bonding of Composite Resin to Alumina and Zirconia Ceramics with Special Emphasis on Surface Conditioning and Use of Coupling Agents

Dental oxide ceramics have been inspired by their biocompability and mechanical properties which have made durable all-ceramic structures possible. Clinical longevity of the prosthetic structures is dependent on effective bonding with luting cements. As the initial shear bond strength values can be comparable with several materials and procedures, long-term durability is affected by ageing. Aims of the current study were: to measure the shear bond strength of resin composite-to-ceramics and to evaluate the longevity of the bond; to analyze factors affecting the bond, with special emphasis on: the form of silicatization of the ceramic surface; form of silanization; type of resin primer and the effect of the type of the resin composite luting cement; the effect of ageing in water was studied regarding its effect to the endurance of the bond. Ceramic substrates were alumina and yttrium stabilized zirconia. Ceramic conditioning methods included tribochemical silicatization and use of two silane couplings agents. A commercial silane primer was used as a control silane. Various combinations of conditioning methods, primers and resin cements were tested. Bond strengths were measured by shear bond strength method. The longevity of the bond was generally studied by thermocycling the materials in water. Additionally, in one of the studies thermal cycling was compared with long-term water storaging. Results were analysed statistically with ANOVA and Weibull analysis. Tribochemical treatment utilizing air pressure of 150 kPa resulted shear bond strengths of 11.2 MPa to 18.4 MPa and air pressure of 450 kPa 18.2 MPa to 30.5 MPa, respectively. Thermocycling of 8000 cycles or four years water storaging both decreased shear bond strength values to a range of 3.8 MPa to 7.2 MPa whereas initial situation varied from 16.8. Mpa to 23.0 MPa. The silane used in studies had no statistical significance. The use of primers without 10-MDP resulted spontaneous debonding during thermocycling or shear bond strengths below 5 MPa. As conclusion, the results showed superior long-term bonding with primers containing 10-MDP. Silicatization with silanizing showed improved initial shear bond strength values which considerably decreased with ageing in water. Thermal cycling and water storing for up to four years played the major role in reduction of bond strength, which could be due to thermal fatigue of the bonding interface and hydrolytic degradation of the silane coupled interface.

The way to organizational longevity - Balancing stability and change in Shinise firms

THE WAY TO ORGANIZATIONAL LONGEVITY – Balancing stability and change in Shinise firms The overall purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the secret of longevity in Shinise firms. On the basic assumption that organizational longevity is about balancing stability and change, the theoretical perspectives incorporate routine practice, organizational culture, and organizational identity. These theories explain stability and change in an organization separately and in combination. Qualitative inductive theory building was used in the study. Overall, the empirical data comprised 75 in-depth and semi-structured interviews, 137 archival materials, and observations made over 17 weeks. According to the empirical findings, longevity in Shinise firms is attributable to the internal mechanisms (Shinise tenacity, stability in motion, and emergent change) to secure a balance between stability and change, the continuing stability of the socio-cultural environment in the local community, and active interaction between organizational and local cultures. The contribution of the study to the literature on organizational longevity and the alternative theoretical approaches is first, in theorizing the mechanisms of Shinise tenacity and cross-level cultural dynamism, and second, in pointing out the critical role of: the way firms set their ultimate goal, the dynamism in culture, and the effect of history of the firm to the current business in securing longevity. KEY WORDS Change; Culture; Organizational identity; Organizational longevity; Routines; Shinise firms; Stability; Qualitative research