THE ASSOCIATION OF SOCIAL ANHEDONIA WITH ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIP PROCESSES

Social anhedonia is a deficiency in the capacity to experience pleasure from social interactions. This study examined the implications of social anhedonia for romantic relationship functioning, including the association of social anhedonia with sentiments towards romantic partners that are central to relationship functioning (satisfaction, commitment, regard, and care), analogous perceptions of the partner’s sentiments, hostile behavior during relationship conflict, and perception of the partner’s hostile behavior. Data were collected from 281 participants who were involved in romantic relationships. Support was found for social anhedonia’s hypothesized negative association with satisfaction, regard, and care, as well as all four perceived partner sentiments. These associations were independent of attachment anxiety and avoidance. Additionally, attachment avoidance mediated social anhedonia’s relationship with commitment. However, no support was found for social anhedonia’s hypothesized positive association with actual and perceived partner hostile behavior. Results suggest that social anhedonia may undermine the functioning of interpersonal relationships.

From aesthetic principles to collective sentiments: The logics of everyday judgements of taste

Contemporary research into the sociology of taste has, following Bourdieu (1984), primarily emphasised the role of social position, or more broadly as implicated int he reproduction of social inequality. We argue that although important, such a preoccupation with the social distribution of objectified tastes--for example in music, literature, and art--has been at the expense of investigating the everyday perceptual schemes and resources used by actors to accomplish a judgement of taste. Our argument is traced using a range of classical and contemporary literature which deals with the personal/collective tension in taste, aesthetics and fashion. We use data from a recent national survey to investigate how a sample of ordinary fashion. We use data from a recent national survey to investigate how a sample of ordinary actors understand the categories of 'good' and 'bad' taste. The analysis shows a strong collective strand in everyday definitions of taste, often linked to moral codes of interpersonal conduct. Also, taste is largely defined by people as a strategy for managing relations with others, and as a mode of self-discipline which relies on the mastery of a number of general principles that are resources for people to position their own tastes within an imagined social sphere. This paper proposes a schematic model which accounts for the range of discriminatory resources used to make judgements of taste.

Redistributive taxation with endogenous sentiments

We present a model in which an individual's sentiments towards others are determined endogenously on the basis of how they perform relative to the societal average. This, in turn, affects the individual's own behavior and hence other agents' sentiments toward her. We focus on stationary patterns of utility interdependence. To demonstrate the effects of such endogeneity, we consider an example of a production economy with redistributive taxation. There are two types of stationary equilibria: one in which all agents conform to the societal norm, into two or three groups. The main conclusion is that the tax structure, in that it affects behavior which in turn affects sentiments, plays a crucial role in determining which type of equilibrium occurs and its characteristics as well as the extent of altruism and social cohesion in society.

The Social contract with endogenous sentiments

Moral values infuence individual behavior and social interactions. A specially signif- cant instance is the case of moral values concerning work e¤ort. Individuals determine what they take to be proper behaviour and judge the others, and themselves, accordingly. They increase their esteem -and self-esteem- for those who perform in excess of the standard and decrease their esteem for those who work less. These changes in self-esteem result from the self-regulatory emotions of guilt or pride extensively studied in Social Psychology. We examine the interactions between sentiments, individual behaviour and the social contract in a model of rational voting over redistribution where individual self-esteem and relative es-teem for others are endogenously determined. Individuals di¤er in their productivities. The desired extent of redistribution depends both on individual income and on individual attitudes toward others. We characterize the politico-economic equilibria in which sentiments, labor supply and redistribution are simultaneously determined. The model has two types of equilibria. In "cohesive" equilibria, all individuals conform to the standard of proper behav- iour, income inequality is low and social esteem is not biased toward any particular type. Under these conditions equilibrium redistribution increases in response to larger inequality. In a "clustered" equilibrium skilled workers work above the mean while unskilled workers work below. In such an equilibrium, income inequality is large and sentiments are biased in favor of the industrious. As inequality increases, this bias may eventually overtake the egoistic demand for greater taxation and equilibrium redistribution decreases. The type of equilibrium that emerges crucially depends on inequality. We contrast the predictions of the model with data on inequality, redistribution, work values and attitudes toward work and toward the poor for a set of OECD countries.

Work values, endogenous sentiments and redistribution

We examine the interactions between individual behavior, sentiments and the social contract in a model of rational voting over redistribution. Agents have moral "work values". Individuals' self-esteem and social consideration of others are endogenously determined comparing behaviors to moral standards. Attitudes toward redistribution depend on self-interest and social preferences. We characterize the politico-economic equilibria in which sentiments, labor supply and redistribution are determined simultaneously. The equilibria feature different degrees of "social cohesion" and redistribution depending on pre-tax income inequality. In clustered equilibria the poor are held partly responsible for their low income since they work less than the moral standard and hence redistribution is low. The paper proposes a novel explanation for the emergence of different sentiments and social contracts across countries. The predictions appear broadly in line with well-documented differences between the United States and Europe.

L'educació de la felicitat : valors i sentiments a l'escola

La importància de la intel.ligència emocional en una època de canvi. Valors i sentiments com a font i garantia d'autonomia i felicitat personal i social dins del marc d'una societat consumista i ultratecnificada en procés de canvi.

"C'est l'étiquette État, mais comme une PME !" : hybridation organisationnelle, sentiments d'appartenance et stratégies identitaires des collaborateurs d'une caisse publique de chômage en Suisse

Plusieurs recherches montrent que les réformes de Nouvelle Gestion Publique modifient les repères identitaires actuels des agents publics, notamment sous la forme d'une hybridation des valeurs ou des pratiques managériales. Néanmoins, les travaux existants ont peu traité des sentiments d'appartenance des agents lorsque leur organisation se retrouve à cheval entre une logique de service public et d'entreprise privée et que la frontière entre secteur public et privé se brouille. Le but de cet article consiste justement à étudier ces sentiments d'appartenance en contexte d'hybridation organisationnelle. Pour ce faire, les résultats d'une recherche portant sur les collaborateurs d'une caisse publique de chômage helvétique sont mobilisés. D'une part, l'analyse montre l'hybridité, la multiplicité et la construction par la négative (vis-à-vis de l'État) des registres d'appartenance, tout en indiquant que les pratiques de travail des collaborateurs renvoient à une identité en lien étroit avec le secteur public. D'autre part, l'analyse montre que l'organisation joue stratégiquement de son appartenance étatique, en mobilisant soit son identité publique ou privée en fonction des besoins liés à son image externe. L'article se conclut par une discussion des résultats soulignant la fonctionnalité stratégique de l'identité hybride des acteurs.

Educar en valors és educar sentiments morals

En aquest article presentem una proposta del que significa educar en valors partint d'una concepció activa del subjecte en desenvolupament. Per aquesta raó, considerem que educar en valors consisteix a crear condicions per aprendre èticament. L'aprenentatge ètic és un procés que ateny tant els àmbits d'educació formal com els no formals i informals, ja que la seva naturalesa no descansa exclusivament en un coneixement reglat sinó que es fonamenta en les relacions establertes en els diferents contextos a partir dels quals anem construint, elaborant i reelaborant els nostres esquemes cognitius i també afectius. S'aposta pel cultiu de l'autonomia personal, de la voluntat, del respecte a la diferència, per l'acceptació de la contrarietat i la disponibilitat cap al diàleg com a valor i com a mitjà per afrontar les relacions amb els altres. L'abordatge de tot això ens obliga a considerar, en els plantejaments i en les accions pedagògiques, els raonaments i els sentiments, i més concretament els sentiments morals, amb la mateixa intensitat si volem aconseguir fer real la màxima d'educar en la integralitat i si volem donar una resposta des de la globalitat.