Para uma abordagem enunciativa no ensino de língua estrangeira: paráfrase e atividade epilingüística

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

The Rhetorical Construction of Corporate Logos

This research is set in the context of today’s societies, in which the corporate visual symbology of a business, corporation or institution constitutes an essential way to transmit its corporate image. Traditional discursive procedures can be discovered in the development of these signs. The rhetorical strategies developed by the great classical authors appear in the logo-symbols expressing the corporate values of today’s companies. Thus, rhetoric is emerging once again in the sense it had many centuries ago: A repertory of rules that, paradoxically, standardizes the deviations of language and whose control is synonymous with power. The main objective of this study is to substantiate the rhetorical construction of logos using as a model of analysis the classical process of creating discourse. This involves understanding logos as persuasive discourses addressed to a modern audience. Our findings show that the rhetorical paradigm can be considered as a creative model for the con­struction of an original logo consistent with a company’s image.

Roberto Benjamin (org.), A fala e o gesto: ensaios de folkcomunicação sobre narrativas populares, Recife, Imprensa Universitária, 1996, 152 pp.

Apresentando como título uma paráfrase da famosa obra de Leroi-Gourham, este primeiro número da colecção “Pesquisa Académica” é uma colectânea de nove artigos/comunicações resultantes da investigação levada a cabo por Roberto Benjamim e seus alunos do curso de mestrado em comunicação rural da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Os estudos abrangem um vasto leque de assuntos que vão desde a preocupação das metodologias de recolha, transcrição e análise de narrativas orais, à apresentação de exemplos de cartas populares pernambucanas analisadas com essa utensilagem.

Jornalismo e comportamento : os valores presentes no discurso da revista Veja

As reportagens de comportamento da revista Veja são o foco desta pesquisa, que busca definir que valores a revista destaca como centrais para nortear o comportamento contemporâneo. A amostragem reuniu 56 revistas, do período entre setembro de 2003 e setembro de 2004. Foram analisadas as 22 reportagens de capa sobre comportamento. O objetivo é responder como Veja constrói comportamentos contemporâneos e institui sentidos sobre os valores que os norteiam. Para isso, mapeamos os principais valores representados nas matérias, identificando as marcas discursivas desses valores e como elas constroem um efeito de paráfrase ao longo de textos diversos. O trabalho está inserido na perspectiva construcionista, que considera o poder do jornalismo na construção da realidade. A Análise de Discurso serve como suporte metodológico. Os principais autores utilizados para conduzir a pesquisa são Bauman, Giddens, Lipovetsky, Sennett, Traquina e Schwartz. Os valores encontrados na revista são representados pelas marcas discursivas que permitem evidenciá-los e demonstrar a freqüência com que são reiterados por Veja. Entre nossas conclusões, ganha destaque o fato de que saúde está presente em 77,27% de nosso corpus, enquanto os valores prazer, beleza e inteligência aparecem em 54,54% do total. Concluímos que os valores dominantes no discurso de Veja são os que defendem um indivíduo saudável, belo, inteligente e que viva com prazer.

Auto-exclusão discursiva : um estudo de produção de sentidos de professores em formação mediado por tecnologias intelectuais

Inicio com a argumentação dicotômica entre sujeito e objeto para compreender o gesto de interpretação das professoras no relato teórico de suas experiências estudantil e profissional, explícito nas duas formas de registros tecnológicos: o Memorial de Formação e o Forchat (Ambiente telemático). Ambos são tecnologias intelectuais de escrita, potenciadores da relação cognitiva entre sujeito/instituição no processo de construção do conhecimento. O percurso analítico da argumentação tem como pressuposto teórico a análise de discurso francesa que trabalha o acontecimento no entrecruzamento discursivo: paráfrase e polissemia, objetivando compreender o movimento de tensão das professoras em relação às teorias que se apropriam e identificar as conseqüências teóricas dessa apropriação no relato da prática pedagógica refletidas no Memorial e no Forchat. No jogo tenso entre paráfrase (repetição do mesmo) e polissemia (o diferente), expõe-se o olhar/leitor a presença de três acontecimentos discursivos: a sistematização escrita do memorial, a auto-exclusão discursiva e o discurso outro. Assim, na interseção, entre eles, torna visíveis os seguintes pontos conclusivos de análise: a compreensão do gesto leitor/escritor das professoras e seus efeitos de sentidos, bem como, suas implicações na vida prática, levando a reflexão de que as conseqüências teóricas na experiência discursiva não acontecem numa interlocução ideologicamente institucionalizada, cujos sentidos sempre lá, estabilizados, esvaziando a possibilidade do sujeito criar um espaço pessoal de múltiplas interpretações.

A reformulação parafrástica na fundamentação teórica de trabalhos de conclusão de curso de Letras

In this work, we study the types of paraphrases used by the students of the Language and Literature Course when they reformulate a source text in the theoretical section of the monographs produced as texts for the conclusion of the course. Our main goal is to know how the process of textual reformulation takes place in the production of the monographic gender. From the used theoretical orientation (Fuchs,1982; 1994; Charaudeau and Maingueneau, 2006; Fávero et al, 2007; Hilgert, 1997, 2002, 2006; among others) we have worked with the paraphrase notion as an activity of discoursive reformulation, considering as the basic groundings the situation of communication and the subjects, or the wider context. In a more specific way, we have considered that the paraphrase performs alterations in the formal level, in the semantic level and in the functional level. Besides that, we sought to articulate the practice of paraphrasing to the gender of discourse in which it appears and to the contextual implications involved in the producing of the gender in question, and in doing so we were grounded in Baktin´s (2003) and Maingueneau´s (1998; 2001) postulates. For the analysis of the corpus that consists of 19 monographs, we have used the three categories defined by Hilgert (2002, 2006):expansion, condensation and parallelism as a way of identifying, describing and characterizing the types of paraphrases used by the students who produced the monographs when they take up Travaglia´s (1996) text about the language conceptions. The results show that the use of the paraphrastic parallelism (with 69.45 % in relation to only 18.41% of condensation and 12.13 % of expansion) was the most recurrent in the reformulations performed by the students who produced the monographs and this manifestation was characterized mainly by the lexical-semantic repetition of fragments of the source text. We have concluded that the high incidence of paraphrastic parallelism is an indication that the student does not have a command of the ways of production and circulation of the discoursive genders uttered in the academic-scientific realm

O ritual simbólico do Ctrl+C (copiar ) e Ctrl+V (colar) no ensino médio

Nowadays, technology has a direct influence on the relationship student and teacher have with language. The internet is a powerful tool in helping work with the language and, through it, the knowledge comes to the student easily and intensely. Furthermore, this facility has enhanced and made visible what has been called, within the University community, "plagiarism generation." This work assumes that this generation has, in their written texts, symbolic movements similar to those of "copy and paste" applied to research work carried out by high school students. Taking this as starting point, this dissertation aims to analyze how high school students of the 1st year from a school in Natal (RN) construct texts, under the movements known as "Ctrl + c" and "Ctrl + v", with reference to the text of the "other". More specific issues are behind the general objective, namely: 1. how the student appropriates the source-text when he copies and pastes? 2. What are the categories of analysis that allow us to look analytically and theoretically for the "ctrl + c / ctrl + v" practice made by the student? 2. how the studies developed in the fields of "Genetic Criticism" (Grésillon, 1987), the "school manuscripts" (Calil, 2004) and "paraphrase" (Fuchs, 1982) may help in working with writing in the classroom standing as a possible way to minimize the copy and paste effects in the students texts? Thus, we observe the categories of analysis that allow us to look, theoretically and analytically, for the symbolic ritual of the "ctrl + c" (copy) and "ctrl + v" (paste) in high school. Our study shows that the student text is a "hybrid body" whose writing is a drawing entanglement because of the presence of the foreign text, verbatim, and the presence of linguistic elements to paraphrase the original text.This textual embodiment has, behind it, certain operations, namely: replacing, moving, adding and deleting statements. Given the specificity of the data and the research objectives, this study aligns with qualitative research methods (SILVERMAN, 2009) and falls within the knowledge field of Applied Linguistics, which is characterized especially by investigating problems, phenomena in which language in a real situation is taken as central (BRUMFIT, 1995).Theoretically, our work follows the approach of studies on the paraphrase (Fuchs, 1982, 1994a, 1994b; DAUNAY, 1997, 1999, 2002a, 2002b), the studies developed in the field of Genetic Criticism (Grésillon, 1987, 1994, 1992, 2008 ) and those developed by Eduardo Calil (2004) on "school manuscripts"

A escrita do texto acadêmico na graduação: modos de utilização de conceitos teóricos de uma área de conhecimento

In this study we have developed a discussion about academic text production in the undergraduate course of Literature and Languages. Specifically, we are going to analyze the monographic text writing in order to verify the meaning effects created from the ways of showing other s discourses that constitute a written production. As a means to do that, we are going to answer the following question: How does a young researcher make use of a theory in order to be part of a particular scientific community? We aim to: 1) analyze the linguistic resources, like quotations and signs of cohesion that demonstrate the other s voice presence in academic writing; 2) observe the meaning effects produced through the ways that the one who writes shows the other s voice in the written text. Firstly, we have selected 23 (twentythree) monographs produced in the last five years by students from a Literature and Languages undergraduate course in a determined public university. However, in this study, we have analyzed just 02 (two) different monographic texts. To develop such an investigation, we have inquired Kuhn s concept of science, which shows the existence of different meanings of science production in the course of the centuries. It allows us to define academic writing as science production that develops and contributes to knowledge production. With the purpose of restricting the meaning of writing conception, we have relied on Coracini, who assumes that all writing production is the registration of the self, in other words, writing comes from the subject s intervention, it is to say that only an imposition of the self guarantees the subject as author of what he writes. We have as theoretical basis the following concepts: 1-) Authier-Revus s enunciative heterogeneity, that allowed us to analyze the written marks of the other in the monographic writing; 2-) Pêcheux s reformulation-paraphrase and Orlandi s polysemy and paraphrase, concepts that present notions of productivity and creativity as ways of meaning production, and allows us to observe how the process of language production in academic writing is established; 3-) Rossi-Landi s concept of exchange-value and use-value, which consider language as a linguistic work, allowing us to verify the differences between use and social functionality in a determined theory; and 4-) Possenti s notion of authorship indicia, with which we have identified attitudes that make the one who writes author of his own text. We have verified that writing characterized for repetition and reproduction may develop a meaning effect that constructs the idea that writing production promotes an author, a concept or a theory. We have also realized that a written text that restricts itself to reproduce other authors discourses and does not articulate a theory with data analysis or with work methodology, when evaluated is approved and legitimates itself as scientific production. That demonstrates the existence of academic productions that do not develop any functionality of the employed theory. The text works as a means to promote its theoretical concepts, and theory. It is to say that the theoretical foundantion, which usually is a way to argue and sustain scientific production, does not have any function. Thus, we consider that the way someone shows the other s discourse in academic writing may work as a way to underline what the other asserts to the detriment of the researcher s words. This fact allows us to comprehend that a way of writing may evidence a meaning effect of the author s, theory s or theoretical concepts promotion

A realidade-ficção do discurso televisivo

Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos - IBILCE

Diacronia dos processos constitutivos do texto relativos a assim: um novo enfoque da gramaticalização

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Intertextualidade e reescrita: uma análise descritiva

Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos - IBILCE

A recorrência da informação como fator de coesão no diálogo

O artigo destaca a recuperação de uma informação já dada, com base nos recursos da repetição e da paráfrase, como uma estratégia de articulação textual no discurso oral dialogado. Examina algumas das funções coesivas mais freqüentes desses dois recursos, pelo enfoque de sua atuação na estrutura da organização tópica.

Tradução intralingua e produção de texto

Este trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar a importância da tradução intralingual para aprodução de microuniversos discursivos. Para tanto, parte-se do pressuposto de que o texto se constróicomo uma seqüência de paráfrases definicionais/denominativas.

Diacronia dos processos constitutivos do texto relativos a assim: um novo enfoque da gramaticalização

Lúcia Regiane Lopes-Damasio propõe aqui uma análise da palavra assim e suas formas correlatas - assim como, mesmo, ainda assim, assim que - no que diz respeito aos processos de repetição, correção, paráfrase, parêntese, hesitação e metadiscurso. Ao mesmo tempo, a autora verifica o funcionamento tópico destes termos - classificados linguisticamente como marcadores discursivos - dentro de diferentes tradições discursivas, faladas ou escritas, no período que abrange do século XVIII aos nossos dias, a fim de apreender e iluminar aspectos relativos ao seu processo de gramaticalização. A hipótese geral que conduz o trabalho de Lopes-Damasio - que deve já ser considerado uma importante contribuição para o levantamento da história do português paulista - baseia-se na aceitação de que a adoção de novas tradições discursivas tem servido, na história da língua, como motor para inovações. Isto, segundo a autora, leva ao pressuposto de que, a cada tradição estabelecida, se dá uma busca de meios linguísticos apropriados, ainda que seja conservado o que já faz parte do sistema.

Jornalismo econômico como exercício da cidadania: uma análise da divulgação econômica na mídia oficial e nos veículos Universo Online e O Estado de São Paulo

The present study had the intention to demonstrate how the language used by official sources of economy helps to keep the limitation and lack of accessibility of economic journalism to non-specialist readers. Over two weeks, we compared the disclosures in the economics editorial office of the site Universo Online and the newspaper O Estado de S. Paulo to those cited in official reports. From this analysis of more than 50 issues selected for the sample, was observed how the technical language used by the official press makes more difficult the access to information and citizenship. Besides the comparison and description of the reports, the study involved the content analysis employed in the media. It was noted the presence of biased approaches and materials poorly cleared. The language used in many cases was not appropriate to the type of audience for which the news was heading. One of the most serious problems, perhaps, was the copy and paraphrase of press releases. The reports, most are limited to the specialist showed, contrary to the duty of public transparency, while highlighting the problems, the study also showed well-written texts that indicate a promising future for citizen and economic journalism