Nucleotide and phylogenetic analysis of human papillomavirus types 6 and 11 isolated from recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in Brazil

There are few studies about the distribution of natural molecular variants of low-risk HPVs. Our aim was to evaluate the E6 early gene variability among HPV-6 and HPV-11 isolates detected in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) samples obtained in a cohort of Brazilian patients. We also performed a phylogenetic analysis in order to compare nucleotide sequences identified in our study with previously reported isolates from different anatomic sites (laryngeal papillomas, genital warts, cervical cancer and anal swabs) obtained from other parts of the world to determine the phylogenetic relationships of variants detected in Brazil. The complete coding region of the E6 gene of 25 samples was cloned and sequenced: 18 isolates of HPV-6 (72%) and 7 isolates of HPV-11 (28%). A total of four different HPV-6 genomic variants and two HPV-11 genomic variants was identified. It was not possible to correlate specific variants with disease severity. Phylogenetic trees for both HPV types were constructed enclosing both E6 sequences detected in our study and formerly published sequences. In both phylogenetic trees, the sequences from Brazil did not group together. We could not establish a geographical association between HPV-6 or HPV-11 variants, unlike HPV-16 and HPV-18. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Differences in transcriptional activity of human papillomavirus type 6 molecular variants in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Powered microdebridement treatment for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis

Laryngeal papillomatosis is a benign disease of lhe larynx caused by human papilloma virus. The disease has u variable clinical course and treatment focuses on debridement until clinical remission. The most common technique for removing the papilloma is by carbon dioxide laser ublution. Powered microdebridement. which is more familiar to endoscopic sinus surgeons, has been adapted for use in the larynx. We would like to report on this technique for removal of respiratory papillomas that we believe to be safer for both patients and staff. The cases of seven paediatric patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis treated with microdebridement of their papillomas have been retrospectively reviewed.

Estucoqueratosis. A propósito de un caso

La estucoqueratosis es una patología dérmica que cursa con tumoraciones queratósicas asintomáticas, benignas, blanco-grisáceas y de pequeño tamaño. Éstas suelen localizarse en las extremidades (especialmente en las inferiores) en torno al tobillo. Su etiología es desconocida y su diagnóstico se realiza mediante una correcta anamnesis y exploración física ya que la morfología, localización y edad de presentación son claves para poder establecer un diagnóstico diferencial con otras afecciones aunque en caso necesario también se puede recurrir a la biopsia. Constituye una entidad clínica con especial interés podológico dada su frecuente aparición en las extremidades inferiores, de ahí la necesidad de conocerla y de saber realizar un correcto diagnóstico diferencial. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 45 años sin antecedentes dermatológicos que presenta estucoqueratosis en la extremidad inferior y que acude al Servicio de Dermatología del Hospital Naval de Ferrol.

Images in clinical urology. Nail of glans penis.

A 56-year-old man presented with a "nail" growing at the base of his glans penis. The tumor was locally excised, and microscopic examination revealed papillomatosis and hyperkeratosis of the malpighian epithelium, with a strong inflammatory reaction of the chorion and signs of local microinvasion, as well as the presence of well-differentiated squamous epithelial cells. The surgical margins were negative. The differential diagnosis was made between a benign papillomatous proliferation and verrucous carcinoma.

Facteurs de risque de sévérité de la papillomatose respiratoire juvénile

La papillomatose respiratoire récurrente (PRR) juvénile est causée par les génotypes 6 et 11 du virus du papillome humain (VPH). Cette maladie est caractérisée par des verrues récurrentes généralement au larynx. La forme sévère peut avoir un impact dévastateur sur la santé et la qualité de vie de l’enfant atteint et de sa famille en raison des conséquences des multiples chirurgies nécessaires et du risque d'obstruction des voies respiratoires. Objectif: Examiner les facteurs de risque associés aux manifestations sévères de la PRR. Méthode: Étude rétrospective des 31 cas diagnostiqués entre janvier 1995 et décembre 2008. Les données démographiques, cliniques, génétiques et virologiques ont été évaluées. Des régressions logistiques furent effectuées afin d'évaluer le rôle des variables indépendantes sur la sévérité de la maladie. Résultats: Nos données suggèrent que les facteurs de risque de sévérité de la PRR seraient associés au genre féminin (Rapport de cotes (RC)=2.60, intervalles de confiance (IC) 95% : 0.44-15.44), au fait d’être premier-né (RC=3.51, IC 95% : 0.17-72.32), à un statut économique faible (RC=5.31, IC 95% : 0.17-164.19), à un jeune âge (RC=0.83, IC 95% : 0.68-1.01), à une charge virale élevée (RC=3.81, IC 95% : 0.23-63.16) et aux condylomes chez la mère pendant la grossesse (RC=12.05, IC 95% : 0.97-149.85). Conclusion: La sévérité de la PRR serait le résultat d'une combinaison de déterminants qui favoriseraient la croissance cellulaire particulièrement chez les jeunes enfants. Des mesures préventives et thérapeutiques visant à restreindre la contamination et la réplication du virus pourraient réduire le fardeau de la maladie.

Características clínicas e histopatológicas da placa aural em eqüinos das raças Mangalarga e Quarto de Milha

Placa aural é uma variante da papilomatose eqüina. Foram examinados 306 eqüinos da raça Mangalarga e 275 da raça Quarto de Milha, com o objetivo de comparar a ocorrência da placa aural entre os animais destas raças, e caracterizar os achados clínicos e histopatológicos desta enfermidade. A ocorrência da placa aural foi 57% nos eqüinos da raça Mangalarga e 35% nos eqüinos da raça Quarto de Milha. Clinicamente as lesões consistiram de placas aplainadas, descamativas e hipocrômicas, formadas com freqüência pela coalescência de pequenas pápulas. Os principais achados histopatológicos foram hiperplasia epidérmica e hipomelanose levando à alteração abrupta entre o epitélio normal e o epitélio acometido pela placa aural.

Papilomatose laríngea: análise morfológica pela microscopia de luz e eletrônica do HPV-6

Papilomatose laríngea é neoplasia benigna mais freqüente nas crianças, causada pelo HPV, principalmente subtipos 6 e 11 e caracteriza-se pela presença de lesões proliferativas exofíticas e recidivantes sobre a mucosa das vias aérea, em especial na laringe. Forma de Estudo: Clínico prospectivo. OBJETIVOS: Demonstrar alterações epiteliais morfológicas (pela microscopia de luz e eletrônica) em lesões papilíferas casadas pelo HPV-6. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Fragmentos de lesões de papilomatose laríngea, colhidos durante procedimento cirúrgico de quatro crianças (1 masculino, 3 femininas), foram submetidos à tipagem do HPV (por método de PCR), análise pela microscopia de luz e microscopia eletrônica (varredura e transmissão). RESULTADOS: Na tipagem, todos os papilomas eram do subtipo 6. A microscopia de varredura identificou projeções epiteliais de vários tamanhos, com células superficiais em descamação. A microscopia de luz demonstrou lesões exofíticas, revestidas por epitélio hiperplásico com coilócitos e binucleações, característicos do HPV. A membrana basal e o córion adjacente estavam íntegros. À microscopia eletrônica de transmissão identificou-se vacuolização perinuclear e alargamento das junções intercelulares. CONCLUSÕES: As alterações morfológicas apresentadas pelo HPV-6 demonstram o caráter não-invasivo da lesão, sendo necessário estudos morfológicos adicionais relacionando os outros tipos de HPV, considerados mais agressivos, com os achados ultra-estruturais.

Digital dermatitis of the accessory digits of dairy cows

Esse estudo caracteriza lesões de dermatite digital (DD) nos dígitos acessórios de vacas leiteiras, além de apresentar a terapia aplicada. Foram utilizados 15 bovinos leiteiros da raça Holandês com DD nos dígitos acessórios dos membros pélvicos. Os animais eram provenientes de quatro fazendas leiteiras com histórico prévio de dermatite digital (DD). Todos os quinze animais foram tratados da mesma forma: após excisão das lesões e sutura das feridas cutâneas, aplicou-se oxitetraciclina pó topicamente sob bandagem e oxitetraciclina (20mg/kg) de longa ação, via intramuscular. Obtiveram-se amostras de tecidos para histopatologia, inclusive por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET). Observou-se cicatrização em todos os animais após 15 dias do procedimento cirúrgico. A maioria das lesões macroscópicas foram projeções papilomatosas ou em forma de verrugas. Os achados histopatológicos de todas as amostras revelaram hiperplasia da epiderme com hiperceratose, inúmeras mitoses no estrato basal, com invasões alongadas em forma de rede na derme superficial e intermediária. A MET evidenciou organismos com formas longas, afiladas e espiraladas, presumivelmente espiroquetas. Tanto as características morfológicas, quanto a resposta à terapia das lesões foram comparáveis às descritas para DD.

Tratamento da papilomatose canina com Propionibacterium acnes

Propionibacterium acnes as immunostimulant in oral canine papillomatosis treatment in 16 animals was studied. Regression of the pappiloma started being observed after the second aplication, with complete resolution in all dogs after the sixth aplication. These results suggest the use of P. acnes as an alternative in oral canine papillomatosis therapy.

Papilomatose oral em cães: revisão da literatura e estudo de doze casos

Canine papillomatosis is an infectious viral disease characterized by oral, cutaneous or ocular papillomas, usually benign. The treatment is indicated in animals, with multiple tumors that produce pharyngeal obstruction, and problems, of eating or for aesthetic reasons. Different treatment protocols have been proposed, including surgical excision, cryosurgery, electro surgery, autogenous or recombinant vaccines, imunomodulators drugs, systemic and intralesional chemotherapy. In this study were reviewed the more important aspects of canine oral papillomatosis. In the 12 studied animals, the papillomas were observed predominantly in mouth, gum and palate regions, in puppies until 12 months, presenting combined infection with ehrlichiosis. The treatment using Propionibacterium acnes and/or autogenous vaccine showed efficacy in eight dogs (66.7%).

Transformación de leucoplasia verrugosa proliferativa en carcinoma oral: diez años de seguimiento

The authors present a case of proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) in a 78-year-old man. It was initially presented as leukoplakia on the tongue but a microscopic investigation in 1991 revealed it to be a mild epithelial dysplasia. After 5 years of follow-up, the lesion presented changes in size and location, and a recidivant behavior. In 1996, a red granular and indurated area that appeared on the tongue was found to be a microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma when microscopically investigated. After a review of the clinicopathologic behavior of this entity, the authors concluded that it was a typical PVL, whose diagnosis is difficult and retrospective, as indicated by others. The authors emphasize the importance of periodic detailed clinical and histological examination of this type of lesions in order to detect early signs of malignancy.

Análise do gene E6 de HPV de baixo risco em papilomatose de laringe

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Case for diagnosis

Pachydermodactyly is a rare and benign form of acquired digital fibromatosis characterized by the expansion of soft tissue around proximal phalanges and interphalangeal joints. The etiology remains unknown, although it is suggested that repetitive mechanic trauma like the interlacing or rubbing of the fingers can lead to skin thickening. We report a case of a young man with skin thickening around interphalangeal joints and compulsive finger manipulation habit. The histopathology disclosed hyperkeratosis, discrete papillomatosis, mild increase of fibroblasts and dermal mucinosis. The lesions regressed partially, after finger manipulation was stopped.

Análise da variabilidade genética e expressão de HPV em papilomatose de laringe

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)