Rehabiliteringsprocessen som lärande, styrning och organisering : En kvalitativ studie om upplevelser av rehabilitering efter utmattningssyndrom

Sjukskrivningarna för utmattningssyndrom har de senaste åren ökat dramatiskt i Sverige. Detta har lett till allt mer komplexa och långvariga rehabiliteringar. Syf-tet med denna studie var att beskriva och analysera hur ett antal individer upplev-de sin rehabilitering efter sjukskrivning för utmattning. Delsyften var att öka kun-skapen om hur rehabiliteringen efter utmattning kunde förbättras samt belysa kvinnors och mäns skilda förutsättningar till rehabilitering beroende på kulturell kontext. Tio personer som kommit åter till arbete efter sjukskrivning djupintervju-ades om rehabiliteringen. Resultaten från studien antydde att det var viktigt att vidga perspektiven på rehabilitering genom att använda ett kontextberoende syn-sätt. Studien resulterade i tre teman; Lärande, Styrning och Organisering. I samtli-ga teman var timing betydelsefullt. Lärandet och strategier att hitta nya insikter var viktigt både för individ och organisation för att en lyckad rehabilitering skulle ske, där strategierna blev olika för kvinnor och män. När det gällde rehabilitering-ens styrning visade det sig hur viktig balansen mellan att få stöd och att själv få agera var. Rehabiliteringens organisering visade sig i denna studie vara grund-läggande och central för rehabiliteringen, där möjligheten att kunna återskapa goda sociala möten var avgörande.

What is universal and what differs in language development?

Goldin-Meadow (2015) presents an exceptional synthesis of work from studies of children acquiring language under variable circumstances of input or processing abilities. Deaf children who acquire homesign without any well- formed model from which to learn language represent a powerful example. Goldin-Meadow argues that the resilient properties of language that nevertheless emerge include simple syntactic structures, hierarchical organisa- tion, markers modulating the meaning of sentences, and social-communicative functions. Among the fragile or input-dependent properties are the orders that the language follows, the parts into which words are decomposed, and the features that distinguish nominals from predicates. Separation of these two types of properties poses questions concerning the innate constraints on language acquisition (perhaps these equate to the resilient properties) and con‐ cerning the specificity of processes to language (e.g., whether properties such as hierarchical organisation are specific to language or originate in the structure of thought). The study of the resilient properties of human language in the face of adversity and the relation of these properties to the information that is encoded in the human genome represent a research strategy that draws inferences about species universals (properties that all humans share) from data about individual differences (IDs; factors that make humans different from one another). In the following, we suggest three reasons to be cautious about this approach.

Evaluating the interdependencies between managing business change, IT sourcing and IT governance

Organisations need the right business and IT capabilities in order to achieve future business success. It follows that the sourcing of these capabilities is an important decision. Yet, there is a lack of consensus on the approach to decid-ing where and how to source the core operational capabilities. Furthermore, de-veloping its dynamic capability enables an organisation to effectively manage change its operational capabilities. Recent research has proposed that analysing business capabilities is a key pre-requisite to defining its Information Technology (IT) solutions. This research builds on these findings by considering the interde-pendencies between the dynamic business change capability and the sourcing of IT capabilities. Further it examines the decision-making oversight of these areas as implemented through IT governance. There is a good understanding of the direct impact of IT sourcing decision on operational capabilities However, there is a lack of research on the indirect impact to the capability of managing business change. Through a review of prior research and initial pilot field research, a capability framework and three main propositions are proposed, each examining a two-way interdependency. This paper describes the development of the integrated capa-bility framework and the rationale for the propositions. These respectively cover managing business change, IT sourcing and IT governance. Firstly, the sourcing of IT affects both the operational capabilities and the capability to manage business change. Similarly a business change may result in new or revised operational ca-pabilities, which can influence the IT sourcing decision resulting in a two-way rela-tionship. Secondly, this IT sourcing is directed under IT governance, which pro-vides a decision-making framework for the organisation. At the same time, the IT sourcing can have an impact on the IT governance capability, for example by out-sourcing key capabilities; hence this is potentially again a two-way relationship. Finally, there is a postulated two-way relationship between IT governance and managing business change in that IT governance provides an oversight of manag-ing business change through portfolio management while IT governance is a key element of the business change capability. Given the nature and novelty of this framework, a philosophical paradigm of constructivism is preferred. To illustrate and explore the theoretical perspectives provided, this paper reports on the find-ings of a case study incorporating eight high-level interviews with senior execu-tives in a German bank with 2300 employees. The collected data also include or-ganisational charts, annual reports, project and activity portfolio and benchmark reports for the IT budget. Recommendations are made for practitioners. An understanding of the interdependencies can support professionals in improving business success through effectively managing business change. Additionally, they can be assisted to evaluate the impact of IT sourcing decisions on the organisa-tion’s operational and dynamic capabilities, using an appropriate IT governance framework.

Mätning och utvärdering av PM brännaren

The PM-brännaren (pellets burner) have on commission by the company been measured and evaluated in the combustion laboratory of SERC. The objective was to measure the perform-ance and the emissions of CO and NO for three different combustion powers and for start and stop conditions. The burner have been mounted in the Bionett-boiler from Ariterm and been adjusted by the company. The boiler has been connected to a buffer store that admits firing during long period with constant inlet temperature to the boiler. The measurements have been performed by operating the boiler on constant power until stationary conditions are reached. Thereafter the following two hours of operation have been evaluated. The results show that the burner fulfils the limit values for Blauer Engel labelling and the proposed limit values for Nordic Eco labelling. The measured concentration of NO is far below all organisations limit values for NOx. Concerning the start and stop emissions there are no demands from organisa-tions to compare with, but comparing with other boilers measured at SERC, the CO emissions from PM-brännaren is in the same order of magnitude.

Forskningscirkeln en arbetsform för att utveckla skolan mot en lärande organisationlärande organisation?

När samhället blir mera komplext ställs generellt sett allt större krav på enskilda individer och organisationer. Detta innebär också att t ex kraven på skolan som organisation ökar i motsva-rande grad. Om förändringar i skolan skall lyckas måste lärarna involveras (Hargreaves, 1998). Förändringen måste helt enkelt utgå från lärarna själva. “It is teachers who, in the end, will change the world of the school by understanding it“ (Lawrence Stenhouse, citerad i Egerbladh & Tiller, 1998). För många lärare är kärnpunkten när verksamheten skall förändras om den går att genomföra i praktiken. På det sätt som lärare förstår hur skolan fungerar kan även antas ha betydelse för hur de utför sina arbetsuppgifter. Det är mot en sådan bakgrund som s k forskningscirklar, som ett forum för ett möte mellan lärare och forskare, blir av intresse. Kan då också s k lärande organisationer innehålla forskningscirklar som en möjlig arbetsform för att både förstå och att utveckla skolans verksamhet i praktiken? Med utgångspunkt från den bakgrund som skisserats upp är syftet med detta paper sålunda att diskutera: a) Under vilka förutsättningar är det möjligt att tala om skolan som en lärande organisa-tion?b) Är det möjligt att betrakta forskningscirkeln som ett, av flera tänkbara, medel för att utveckla skolan mot en lärande organisation?Jag utgår från två av Senges (1995) huvudkriterier, personlig utveckling (Personal Mastery) och team-lärande, för att diskutera några aspekter av de frågeställningar som anges i syftet. För att ge en mer fullständig bild skulle det självfallet ha varit att föredra att de tre övriga kriterierna som Senge använder hade kunnat behandlas på ett motsvarande sätt. Jag väljer dock bort dessa då det inte finns möjlighet att klara av en sådan uppgift inom den begränsade ram som ett paper av den här typen ger utrymme för.

Distance Learning Education of Software Engineering: Principles and Experiences

Whether distance learning spells the end of traditional campuses, as some maintain, or whether distance learning instead represents a powerful addition to a growing array of delivery options for higher education, its impact on higher education is great and growing. Distance learning is creating alternative models of teaching and learning, new job descriptions for faculty, and new types of higher education providers. The advent of Distance and Distributed Learning has raised numerous questions about quality and quality assurance: ² How do established distance learning institutions ensure quality? ² What more needs to be done? ² How do quality assurance agencies view the distinction between on- and off-campus teaching and learning? This talk discusses these issues from the viewpoints of funding organisa- tion, quality assurance agencies and the learners.