Ineficácia do antiveneno botrópico na neutralização da atividade coagulante do veneno de Lachesis muta muta: relato de caso e comprovação experimental

No Estado do Amazonas, nas regiões circunvizinhas à cidade de Manaus, as principais espécies de serpentes causadoras de acidentes são Bothrops atrox e Lachesis muta muta com um percentual de ocorrência, dos acidentes confirmados, de 76% e 17%, respectivamente. Rotineiramente, na ausência dos soros antilaquético e antibotrópico-laquético o Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Manaus (IMTM), utiliza-se do soro antibotrópico no tratamento do acidente laquético. Neste trabalho relatamos um caso de acidente por L m. muta, onde o paciente foi tratado com 20 ampolas do soro antibotrópico e permaneceu com o sangue incoagulável até o 13º dia após o acidente. Experimentos foram realizados para obtenção das potências do soro antibotrópico para as atividades coagulante e hemorrágica dos venenos de L. m. muta e de B. atrox. Os resultados mostram que as potências do soro para a atividade hemorrágica dos venenos de L. m. muta e de B. atrox foram similares enquanto que a potência, para a atividade coagulante do veneno de L. m. muta, foi 9,2 vezes menor. Os títulos de anticorpos de três diferentes lotes de soro antibotrópico variaram para o veneno de L. m. muta e foram constantes para o veneno de B. atrox. Devido a ineficácia do soro antibotrópico em neutralizar, principalmente, a atividade coagulante do veneno de L. m. muta, sugerimos a não utilização do antibotrópico no tratamento dos acidentes por L. m. muta.

A snakebite caused by a bushmaster (Lachesis muta): report of a confirmed case in State of Pernambuco, Brazil

ABSTRACTWe report a case of envenomation caused by a bushmaster ( Lachesis muta) in a male child in State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The victim showed discrete local manifestations, but presented altered blood coagulation 2 hours after the bite. Ten ampoules of bothropic-lachetic antivenom therapy were administered, and 48 hours later, the patient showed discrete edema, pain, and ecchymosis around the bite and normal blood coagulation. The patient was discharged 5 days after the envenomation. The prompt administration of specific treatment was important for the favorable outcomes observed.

De lingva muta 1

Invokaatio: J.N.J.C.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of an L-amino-acid oxidase from Lachesis muta venom

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Isolation and biochemical, functional and structural characterization of a novel L-amino acid oxidase from Lachesis muta snake venom

The aim of this study was the isolation of the LAAO from Lachesis muta venom (LmLAAO) and its biochemical, functional and structural characterization. Two different purification protocols were developed and both provided highly homogeneous and active LmLAAO. It is a homodimeric enzyme with molar mass around 120 kDa under non-reducing conditions, 60 kDa under reducing conditions in SDS-PAGE and 60852 Da by mass spectrometry. Forty amino acid residues were directly sequenced from LmLAAO and its complete cDNA was identified and characterized from an Expressed Sequence Tags data bank obtained from a venom gland. A model based on sequence homology was manually built in order to predict its three-dimensional structure. LmLAAO showed a catalytic preference for hydrophobic amino acids (K-m of 0.97 mmol/L with Leu). A mild myonecrosis was observed histologically in mice after injection of 100 mu g of LmLAAO and confirmed by a 15-fold increase in CK activity. LmLAAO induced cytotoxicity on AGS cell line (gastric adenocarcinoma, IC50: 22.7 mu g/mL) and on MCF-7 cell line (breast adenocarcinoma, IC50:1.41 mu g/mL). It presents antiparasitic activity on Leishmania brasiliensis (IC50: 2.22 mu g/nnL), but Trypanosoma cruzi was resistant to LmLAAO. In conclusion, LmLAAO showed low systemic toxicity but important in vitro pharmacological actions. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Mutator tRNAs are encoded by the Escherichia coli mutator genes mutA and mutC: a novel pathway for mutagenesis.

We have previously described the mutator alleles mutA and mutC, which map at 95 minutes and 42 minutes, respectively, on the Escherichia coli genetic map and which stimulate transversions; the A.T-->T.A and G.C-->T.A substitutions are the most prominent. In this study we show that both mutA and mutC result from changes in the anticodon in one of four copies of the same glycine tRNA, at either the glyV or the glyW locus. This change results in a tRNA that inserts glycine at aspartic acid codons. In view of previous studies of missense suppressor tRNAs, the mistranslation of aspartic acid codons is assumed to occur at approximately 1-2%. We postulate that the mutator tRNA effect is exerted by generating a mutator polymerase and suggest that the epsilon subunit of DNA polymerase, which provides a proofreading function, is the most likely target. The implications of these findings for the contribution of mistranslation to observed spontaneous mutation rates in wild-type strains, as well as other cellular phenomena such as aging, are discussed.

Mashāriq al-uṣūl al-mutaʻalliqah bi-al-qawānīn wa-baʻḍ al-uṣūl

[Maḥmūd ibn Muḥammad].

Siyar al-mutaʼakhkhirīn: tārīkh-i mamlakat-i Hind az ibtidā-yi sanah-i 1118 h. tā 1194 h. mutābiq-i 1782 m. mubtanī bar aḥvāl-i salṭanat-i haft salāṭīn-i mutaʼakhkhirīn-i Hindūstān ʻumūman (...)

taṣnīf-i Nawwāb Sayyid Ghulām Ḥusayn Khān Ṭabāṭabāʼī ; bi-ihtimām-i ʻAbd al-Majīd.

Hādhā Mukhtaṣar yataḍammanu qawāʻid aṣlīyah min ʻilm al-mūsīqá muʼallaf fī khuṣūṣ jamīʻ al-mūsīqāt al-mutaʻalliqah bi-al-ʻasākir al-Miṣrīyah bi-ʻahd ḥaḍrat al-Khidīwī al-Aʻẓam Muḥammad Saʻīd Bāshā

Ghārdūn.

al-R add al-mubīn ʻalá jahalat al-mutaṣawwifīn

li-Wafā ibn Muḥammad Wafā al-Qūnī.

Kitāb al-Arbaʻīn ʻan arbaʻīn min arbaʻīn li-arbaʻīn fī arbaʻīn / taʼlīf al-Imām al-Ḥāfiẓ Muḥaddith al-Shām Nāṣir al-Sunnah afḍal al-Mutaʼakhkhirīn awḥad al-ʻUlamāʼ ʻAlī ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Hibat Allāh ibn ʻAbd Allāh ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn ʻAsākir al-Dimashqī al-Shāfiʻī : manuscript, 1287

Written in one column, from 17 to 23 lines per page, in black.

Hādhā kitāb al-ʻĀlim wa-al-mutaʻallim / lil-Imām al-Aʻẓam : manuscript, undated

Bound with: Baḥr al-kalām fī ʻilm al-tawḥīd / lil-Shaykh al-Imām Abū al-Muʻīn al-Nasafī (ff. 1v-25r).

Hādhihi al-Thalāthat alwāḥ al-jafrīyah al-mutaḍamminah asmāʼ mulūk Āl ʻUthmān : ibtidāʼan min al-Sulṭān ʻUthmān al-Awwal ilá al-sulṭān Muḥammad al-Akhīr al-Imām Muḥammad al-Mahdī fī ākhir al-zamān : manuscript, undated

With: Kitāb al-Talkhīṣ min mīzān al-kalimāt al-jafrīyah wa-ḥawādith al-sinīn al-hijrīyah.