À procura de Mário Faustino tradutor

As décadas de 1940 e 1950 são significativas quanto ao processo de difusão cultural nos jornais brasileiros, com destaque para atuações de escritores, poetas e literatos nos diversos periódicos dessa época, o que fez do jornal um ambiente moderno e criativo em prol da cultura e da literatura. Em Belém, nesse período, há dois jornais que contribuem para o movimento cultural na cidade paraense, por meio dos respectivos suplementos literários: Arte Literatura, da Folha do Norte e Arte e Literatura, de A Província do Pará. Nesse ambiente, Mário Faustino inicia a vida literária publicando crônicas em jornais e, sobretudo, atua como tradutor de poesia. Com apenas 16 anos, Faustino começa a traduzir um grande rol de escritores da literatura internacional, do espanhol, francês e inglês. Este trabalho de análise pretende mapear o percurso de formação de Mário Faustino enquanto tradutor, a partir de seus primeiros poemas traduzidos. Para tanto, abordaremos a noção de tradução vinculada como processo de formação e desdobramento crítico.

Entre o acadêmico e o jornalístico: análise da coluna de crítica literária Prosa de Sábado, do suplemento Sabático

The literary criticism was developed in Brazil in the period that comprehends the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. During that time, the mean of dissemination of the criticism were the footnotes of the newspapers, places in which literature was discussed and the critics expressed their personal impressions about literary works with the objective of orientating the good taste of the readers. With the progressive evolution of journalism and of the newspaper's audience, the criticism columns became incompatible with the informative part of the periodicals, being transferred to the literary supplements, during a transition phase, until it was concentrated in the universitary field. This change in the paradigms of the production of criticism also caused a change in the profile of the literary critics and in the criteria to do the criticism. Before, if the critics were professionals that only needed to have enough erudition to judge the literary works, they turn into literature experts and need to use scientific methodologies in the literary analysis, while the cultural journalist begins to look at the events and literary works as products which belong to a market that needs to be reported. This research proposes studying and comparing the critics published in the column Prosa de Sábado, of the literary supplement Sabático, produced by Silviano Santiago, critic of an academic origin, and Sérgio Augusto, journalist critic, with the objective of identifying similarities and contrasts between them, and analyse the relation of this critics with their distinct fields of literary legitimation, as well as reflecting about the presence of the literary criticism and of the critics in the current press

Paulicéia literária: páginas e suplementos literários em jornais paulistanos (1920-1964)

Este trabalho tem por objeto central páginas e suplementos literários. Trata-se de uma pesquisa que buscou localizar, identificar e caracterizar páginas e suplementos literários, inseridos em jornais paulistanos de grande circulação e prestígio, no período entre 1920 e 1964. Os jornais escolhidos para este estudo foram: Correio Paulistano, O Estado de S. Paulo, Diário Popular, A Gazeta, Folha da Noite, Folha da Manhã, Folha da Tarde, Diário de S. Paulo e Última Hora. Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, percebemos que os espaços para as artes e espetáculos, nos jornais analisados, se davam de diversas maneiras, e não apenas em páginas e suplementos literários, como a publicação de seções diárias de artes e espetáculos, cadernos de cultura, páginas sem títulos , rodapés de crítica literária, romances-folhetins, entre outros. Também verificamos que a prática de inserir suplementos literários, nos jornais paulistanos, iniciou-se no fim da década de 1920, com a publicação do Supplemento Dominical do Diário de S. Paulo. No entanto, foi no pós-1945 que a inclusão de páginas e suplementos literários, nos jornais da capital paulista, passou a ocorrer com maior freqüência. Localizados páginas e suplementos literários, analisamos a seção Resenha Bibliográfica do Suplemento Literário de O Estado de S. Paulo, com o objetivo de entender como estes veículos atuavam, enquanto divulgadores do mercado editorial.(AU)

Paulicéia literária: páginas e suplementos literários em jornais paulistanos (1920-1964)

Este trabalho tem por objeto central páginas e suplementos literários. Trata-se de uma pesquisa que buscou localizar, identificar e caracterizar páginas e suplementos literários, inseridos em jornais paulistanos de grande circulação e prestígio, no período entre 1920 e 1964. Os jornais escolhidos para este estudo foram: Correio Paulistano, O Estado de S. Paulo, Diário Popular, A Gazeta, Folha da Noite, Folha da Manhã, Folha da Tarde, Diário de S. Paulo e Última Hora. Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, percebemos que os espaços para as artes e espetáculos, nos jornais analisados, se davam de diversas maneiras, e não apenas em páginas e suplementos literários, como a publicação de seções diárias de artes e espetáculos, cadernos de cultura, páginas sem títulos , rodapés de crítica literária, romances-folhetins, entre outros. Também verificamos que a prática de inserir suplementos literários, nos jornais paulistanos, iniciou-se no fim da década de 1920, com a publicação do Supplemento Dominical do Diário de S. Paulo. No entanto, foi no pós-1945 que a inclusão de páginas e suplementos literários, nos jornais da capital paulista, passou a ocorrer com maior freqüência. Localizados páginas e suplementos literários, analisamos a seção Resenha Bibliográfica do Suplemento Literário de O Estado de S. Paulo, com o objetivo de entender como estes veículos atuavam, enquanto divulgadores do mercado editorial.(AU)

Paulicéia literária: páginas e suplementos literários em jornais paulistanos (1920-1964)

Este trabalho tem por objeto central páginas e suplementos literários. Trata-se de uma pesquisa que buscou localizar, identificar e caracterizar páginas e suplementos literários, inseridos em jornais paulistanos de grande circulação e prestígio, no período entre 1920 e 1964. Os jornais escolhidos para este estudo foram: Correio Paulistano, O Estado de S. Paulo, Diário Popular, A Gazeta, Folha da Noite, Folha da Manhã, Folha da Tarde, Diário de S. Paulo e Última Hora. Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, percebemos que os espaços para as artes e espetáculos, nos jornais analisados, se davam de diversas maneiras, e não apenas em páginas e suplementos literários, como a publicação de seções diárias de artes e espetáculos, cadernos de cultura, páginas sem títulos , rodapés de crítica literária, romances-folhetins, entre outros. Também verificamos que a prática de inserir suplementos literários, nos jornais paulistanos, iniciou-se no fim da década de 1920, com a publicação do Supplemento Dominical do Diário de S. Paulo. No entanto, foi no pós-1945 que a inclusão de páginas e suplementos literários, nos jornais da capital paulista, passou a ocorrer com maior freqüência. Localizados páginas e suplementos literários, analisamos a seção Resenha Bibliográfica do Suplemento Literário de O Estado de S. Paulo, com o objetivo de entender como estes veículos atuavam, enquanto divulgadores do mercado editorial.(AU)

Whey And Soy Protein Supplements Changes Body Composition In Patients With Crohn's Disease Undergoing Azathioprine And Anti-tnf-alpha Therapy.

Crohn´s disease (CD) is a chronic transmural inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract of unknown cause. Malnutrition associated with active CD has been reduced although obesity has increased. Dietary strategies such as those with high-protein have been proposed to reduce body fat. This study compares the effects of two supplements on the nutritional status of CD patients. 68 CD patients were randomized in two groups: whey protein group (WP) and soy protein group (SP). Using bioimpedance analysis, anthropometry and albumin and pre-albumin dosages the nutritional status was measured before starting the intervention and after 8 and 16 weeks. The disease activity was determined by Crohn's Disease Activity Index and serum C-reactive protein dosage and dietary intake by 24h dietary recalls. Forty-one patients concluded the study and both supplements changed body composition similarly. Triceps skin fold thickness (p< 0.001) and body fat percentage (p=0.001) decreased, whereas mid-arm muscle circumference (p=0.004), corrected arm muscle area (p=0.005) and body lean percentage (p=0.001) increased. For Crohn's disease patients undergoing anti TNF-alpha and azatioprine therapies, supplementation with whey and soy proteins changes body composition through reduction of body fat and thus contributes to control inflammation.

Effects of dietary energy and nitrogen supplements on rumen fermentation and protozoa population in buffalo and zebu cattle

The effects were assessed of two energy sources in concentrate (ground grain corn vs. citrus pulp) and two nitrogen sources (soybean meal vs. urea) on rumen metabolism in four buffaloes and four zebu cattle (Nellore) with rumen cannula and fed in a 4 × 4 Latin square design with feeds containing 60% sugar cane. Energy supplements had no effect on the rumen ammonia concentration in cattle, but ground grain corn promoted higher ammonia level than citrus pulp in buffalo. Urea produced higher ammonia level than soybean meal in both animal species. On average, the buffaloes maintained a lower rumen ammonia concentration (11.7 mg/dL) than the cattle (14.5 mg/dL). Buffaloes had lower production of acetic acid than cattle (58.7 vs. 61.6 mol/100 mol) and higher of propionic acid (27.4 vs. 23.6 mol/100 mol). There was no difference in the butyric acid production between the buffaloes (13.6 mol/100 mol) and cattle (14.8 mol/100 mol) and neither in the total volatile fatty acids concentration (82.5 vs. 83.6 mM, respectively). The energy or nitrogen sources had no effect on rumen protozoa count in either animal species. The zebu cattle had higher rumen protozoa population (8.8 × 10(5)/mL) than the buffaloes (6.1 × 10(5)/mL). The rumen protozoa population differed between the animal species, except for Dasytricha and Charonina. The buffaloes had a lower Entodinium population than the cattle (61.0 vs 84.9%, respectively) and a greater percentage of species belonging to the Diplodiniinae subfamily than the cattle (28.6 vs. 1.4%, respectively). In cattle, ground corn is a better energy source than citrus pulp for use by Entodinium and Diplodiniinae. In the buffaloes, the Entodinium are favored by urea and Diplodiniinae species by soybean meal.

Investigation of the Performance of the Disintegration Test for Dietary Supplements

The aim of this study was to investigate how beaker size, basket assembly, use of disk, and immersion medium impact the disintegration time of dietary supplements. The disintegration times were determined for five tablet and two capsule products. A two-station disintegration tester was used with Apparatus A or Apparatus B as described in the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) chapters, < 701 > and < 2040 >. Two beakers complying with the harmonized specifications were used, one with a volume of 1,000 mL and one with a 1,500-mL volume. The disintegration data were analyzed using ANOVA for the following factors: beaker size, equipment (App A and B) and condition (with/without disk). Two tablet products were not sensitive to any changes in the test conditions or equipment configurations. One product was only partially sensitive to the test conditions. The other products showed impact on the disintegration time for all test conditions. The results revealed that these tablet products might pass or fail current USP disintegration requirements depending on the equipment configuration. Similar results were obtained for the two investigated capsule formulations. One product might fail current USP disintegration requirements if the large beaker was used, but might pass the disintegration requirements when the small beaker was used. Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose capsules were mostly influenced if sodium instead of a potassium buffer was used as the immersion medium. The results demonstrate that the current harmonized ICH specifications for the disintegration test are insufficient to make the disintegration test into reliable test for dietary supplements.

Feed intake and liveweight responses to nitrogen and/or protein supplements by steers of Bos taurus, Bos indicus and Bos taurus x Bos indicus breed types offered a low quality grass hay

Thirty steers were used in two pen experiments (Expts 1 and 2). and 27 of these in a third (Expt 3), to quantify their responses of hay intake, rumen ammonia nitrogen (RAN) concentrations, and liveweight to inputs of rumen soluble nitrogen (urea) and rumen undegradable protein (formaldehyde-treated casein; F-casein) when added to a basal diet of low quality hays. The hays were made From unimproved native pastures typical of those grazed by cattle in the subtropics of Australia and contained 7.8 g N/kg dry matter (DM) with coefficient of organic matter digestibility of 0.503 in Expts 1 and 2, and 5.2 g N/kg DM with a digestibility range from 0.385 to 0.448 in Expt 3. The steers (15 months old) were either Brahman (B), Hereford (H) or the F-1 Brahman x Hereford (BH) cross. Steers were offered supplementary minerals with the hays in each experiment. In Expt 1 (35 days) urea was sprayed on part of the hay, allowing for daily urea intakes (g/steer) of either 0, 5, 11, 16 or 26. In Expt 2 (42 days), F-casein was offered daily (g/steer) at either 0, 75, 150, 225 or 300 and in Expt 3 (56 days) discrete offerings were made of soluble casein (225 g/day), of urea (18 g/day) + F-casein (225 g/day) or of nil. There were significant linear effects of urea intake upon hay intake and liveweight change of steers. However, B steers had smaller increases in intake and liveweight change than did H steers, and B steers did not have a linear increase in RAN concentrations with increasing urea intake as did H and SH steers. In Expt 2 there were significant linear effects of F-casein supplements on hay intake and liveweight change of steers and a significant improvement in their feed conversion ratio (i.e. DM intake:liveweight change). The B steers did not differ from H and BH steers in liveweight change but had significantly lower hay intakes and non-significantly smaller increases in RAN with increasing F-casein intake. In Expt 3, hay intake of the steers increased with soluble casein (by 16.8 %) and with urea + F-casein (24.5 %). Only steers given urea + F-casein had a high RAN concentration (94 mg/l) and a high liveweight gain. The B steers had a liveweight loss and a lower hay intake than H or BH steers in Expt 3 but a higher RAN concentration. These studies have indicated the importance of the form and quantity of additional N required by cattle of differing breed types to optimize their feed intake and liveweight gain when offered low-N, low-digestible hays.

Sociology and literary criticism

The crisis of literary criticism, an essay published by Theodor Adorno in 1953, is dedicated to important problems of Literary Studies, such as the role of the critic himself. Adorno gave a class on Social Sciences in Frankfurt, in 1968, discussing ways of studying and thinking social matters. As an ensemble, these two works are an important contribution to the debate on quality of academic production.