Hästfot, bockfot oder horbock? : Verhaltensweisen zum Stil in schwedischen Übersetzungen von Kleists Der zerbrochene Krug

In dieser Arbeit werden drei schwedische Übersetzungen von Kleists Komödie Der zerbrochene Krug in Bezug auf die Verhaltensweisen zum Stil analysiert, die in den Übersetzungen zum Ausdruck kommen. Die Analyse betrifft vor allem solche stilistischen Mittel, die Werner Koller formal-ästhetische Qualitäten nennt, so wie Sprachspiel, den Blankvers oder Metaphorik. Ich habe einerseits versucht zu entscheiden, ob die Übersetzungen des betreffenden Stilmittels in erster Linie ziel- oder ausgangssprachlich ausgerichtet sind, andererseits inwiefern der stilistische Aspekt bei den Übersetzern überhaupt einen hohen Stellenwert hat oder ob er pragmatischen Rücksichten den Vorrang lassen muss. Die Übersetzungen weisen große Unterschiede auf. In Nils Personnes Übersetzung hat die Stiltreue im Verhältnis zur pragmatischen Adaption einen sehr hohen Stellenwert und er versucht den Stil durch ausgangssprachliche Mittel zu bewahren. In Carl-Edward Nattséns Übersetzung dagegen hat die pragmatische Adaption den höchsten Stellenwert, doch in den Fällen, wo er den Stil überhaupt wiedergibt, tut er das abwechselnd mit ziel- bzw. ausgangssprachlichen Mitteln. Nur in Horace Engdahls Übersetzung fällt eine überwiegend zielsprachliche Ausrichtung mit einem hohen Stellenwert des stilistischen Aspekts zusammen und nur dann wird der Stil im Sinne Kollers formal-ästhetischer Qualitäten in einem höheren Grad wiedergegeben. Die verschiedenen Strategien können mit den verschiedenen Zwecken der Übersetzer zusammenhängen, sowie mit den Übersetzungsidealen, die vorherrschend waren, als die Übersetzungen geschrieben wurden

Selection-adaption-retention dynamics and variety in organisational routines

The notion of routines as mechanisms for achieving stability and change in organisations is well established in the organisational theory literature (Becker, 2004). However the relationship between the dynamics of selection, adaptation and retention and the increase or decrease in the varieties of routines which are the result of these processes, is not as well established theoretically or empirically. This paper investigates the processes associated with the evolution of an inter-organisational routine over time. The paper contributes to theory by advancing a conceptual clarification between the dynamics of organisational routines which produce variation, and the varieties of routines which are generated as a result of such processes; and an explanation for the relationship between selection, adaptation and retention dynamics and the creation of variety. The research is supported by analysis of empirical data pertaining to the procurement of engineering assets in a large asset intensive organisation.

From bust to boom : towards a strategic cognition perspective on Australian mining firms’ adaption

While the role of executives’ cognition in organisations’ responses to change is a central topic in strategic cognition research, changes in firms’ environment are typically not measured directly but described either as an event (for example, new industry legislation) or represented by a time period (e.g. when a new technology impacted an industry). The Australian mining sector has witnessed a historically significant change in demand for its products and we begin by developing measures of changes in supply and demand for key commodities during the period 1992-2008. We identify sub-groups of firms based on their activities and commodity sector and examine the relation of these variables to executives’ cognition and to firms’ CapEx. We find industry, firm and cognitive variables are related to both strategic cognition and firms’ CapEx.

Adaption and use of a compressible flow code for turbomachinery design

The present paper presents and discusses the use of dierent codes regarding the numerical simulation of a radial-in ow turbine. A radial-in ow turbine test case was selected from published literature [1] and commercial codes (Fluent and CFX) were used to perform the steady-state numerical simulations. An in-house compressible- ow simulation code, Eilmer3 [2] was also adapted in order to make it suitable to perform turbomachinery simulations and preliminary results are presented and discussed. The code itself as well as its adaptation, comprising the addition of terms for the rotating frame of reference, programmable boundary conditions for periodic boundaries and a mixing plane interface between the rotating and non-rotating blocks are also discussed. Several cases with dierent orders of complexity in terms of geometry were considered and the results were compared across the dierent codes. The agreement between these results and published data is also discussed.

Adaption of horses to a novel dynamic feeding system : movement and behavioural responses

Reasons for performing study: Many domestic horses and ponies are sedentary and obese due to confinement to small paddocks and stables and a diet of infrequent, high-energy rations. Severe health consequences can be associated with this altered lifestyle. Objectives: The aims of this study were to investigate the ability of horses to learn to use a dynamic feeder system and determine the movement and behavioural responses of horses to the novel system. Methods: A dynamic feed station was developed to encourage horses to exercise in order to access ad libitum hay. Five pairs of horses (n = 10) were studied using a randomised crossover design with each pair studied in a control paddock containing a standard hay feeder and an experimental paddock containing the novel hay feeder. Horse movement was monitored by a global positioning system (GPS) and horses observed and their ability to learn to use the system and the behavioural responses to its use assessed. Results: With initial human intervention all horses used the novel feeder within 1 h. Some aggressive behaviour was observed between horses not well matched in dominance behaviour. The median distance walked by the horses was less (P = 0.002) during a 4 h period (117 [57–185] m) in the control paddock than in the experimental paddock (630 [509–719] m). Conclusions: The use of an automated feeding system promotes increased activity levels in horses housed in small paddocks, compared with a stationary feeder.

Communication adaption in challenging simulations for student nurse midwives

Background Nurses and midwives must be able to adapt their behaviour and language to meet the health care needs of patients and their families in diverse and at times difficult circumstances. Methods This study of fourth year dual degree nurse midwives use Communication Accommodation Theory strategies to examine their use of language and discourse when managing a sequential simulation of neonatal resuscitation and bereavement support. Results The results showed that many of the students were slow to respond to the changing needs of the patient and family and at times used ineffectual and disengaging language. Conclusion Clinical simulation is a safe and effective method for nurses and midwives to experience and practice the use of language and discourse in challenging circumstances.

Ageing, Adaption and Accessibility: Time for the Inclusive Revolution!

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is becoming increasingly central to many people’s lives, making it possible to be connected in any place at any time, be unceasingly and instantly informed, and benefit from greater economic and educational opportunities. With all the benefits afforded by these new-found capabilities, however, come potential drawbacks. A plethora of new PCs, laptops, tablets, smartphones, Bluetooth, the internet, Wi-Fi (the list goes on) expect us to know or be able to guess, what, where and when to connect, click, double-click, tap, flick, scroll, in order to realise these benefits, and to have the physical and cognitive capability to do all these things. One of the groups most affected by this increase in high-demand technology is older people. They do not understand and use technology in the same way that younger generations do, because they grew up in the simpler electro-mechanical era and embedded that particular model of the world in their minds. Any consequential difficulty in familiarising themselves with modern ICT and effectively applying it to their needs can also be exacerbated by age-related changes in vision, motor control and cognitive functioning. Such challenges lead to digital exclusion. Much has been written about this topic over the years, usually by academics from the area of inclusive product design. The issue is complex and it is fair to say that no one researcher has the whole picture. It is difficult to understand and adequately address the issue of digital exclusion among the older generation without looking across disciplines and at industry’s and government’s understanding, motivation and efforts toward resolving this important problem. To do otherwise is to risk misunderstanding the true impact that ICT has and could have on people’s lives across all generations. In this European year of Active Ageing and Solidarity between Generations and as the British government is moving forward with its Digital by Default initiative as part of a wider objective to make ICT accessible to as many people as possible by 2015, the Engineering Design Centre (EDC) at the University of Cambridge collaborated with BT to produce a book of thought pieces to address, and where appropriate redress, these important and long-standing issues. “Ageing, Adaption and Accessibility: Time for the Inclusive Revolution!” brings together opinions and insights from twenty one prominent thought leaders from government, industry and academia regarding the problems, opportunities and strategies for combating digital exclusion among senior citizens. The contributing experts were selected as individuals, rather than representatives of organisations, to provide the broadest possible range of perspectives. They are renowned in their respective fields and their opinions are formed not only from their own work, but also from the contributions of others in their area. Their views were elicited through conversations conducted by the editors of this book who then drafted the thought pieces to be edited and approved by the experts. We hope that this unique collection of thought pieces will give you a broader perspective on ageing, people’s adaption to the ever changing world of technology and insights into better ways of designing digital devices and services for the older population.

Adaption and adjustment of military spouses to overseas postings: An online forum study

Little research has examined the impact of being an accompanying spouse on British military foreign postings. The aim of this qualitative study was to investigate the experiences of 13 military spouses from 11 different overseas locations. Data were collected via an online forum and thematic content analysis was conducted. Key findings revealed that, regardless of the location, reactions to overseas posting varied considerably and were related to the military spouse's personality and personal circumstances, as well as their relationship with family, husband and their support networks. Spouses experienced a loss of control over their lives that was in some cases psychologically distressing. The findings corroborate and extend the findings from a previous study that was limited to one location, further highlighting the need for pre-established support resources from the military and healthcare professionals to be readily accessible for all military spouses. Importantly, such support provision may also facilitate the military spouse in regaining some control over their everyday life, enhancing their well-being and the experience for the family.

Klassifikationsgestützte on-line Adaption eines robusten beobachterbasierten Fehlerdiagnoseansatzes für nichtlineare Systeme

Diese Arbeit behandelt die Problemstellung der modellbasierten Fehlerdiagnose für Lipschitz-stetige nichtlineare Systeme mit Unsicherheiten. Es wird eine neue adaptive Fehlerdiagnosemethode vorgestellt. Erkenntnisse und Verfahren aus dem Bereich der Takagi-Sugeno (TS) Fuzzy-Modellbildung und des Beobachterentwurfs sowie der Sliding-Mode (SM) Theorie werden genutzt, um einen neuartigen robusten und nichtlinearen TS-SM-Beobachter zu entwickeln. Durch diese Zusammenführung lassen sich die jeweiligen Vorteile beider Ansätze miteinander kombinieren. Bedingungen zur Konvergenz des Beobachters werden als lineare Matrizenungleichungen (LMIs) abgeleitet. Diese Bedingungen garantieren zum einen die Stabilität und liefern zum anderen ein direktes Entwurfsverfahren für den Beobachter. Der Beobachterentwurf wird für die Fälle messbarer und nicht messbarer Prämissenvariablen angegeben. Durch die TS-Erweiterung des in dieser Arbeit verwendeten SM-Beobachters ist es möglich, den diskontinuierlichen Rückführterm mithilfe einer geeigneten kontinuierlichen Funktion zu approximieren und dieses Signal daraufhin zur Fehlerdiagnose auszuwerten. Dies liefert eine Methodik zur Aktor- und Sensorfehlerdiagnose nichtlinearer unsicherer Systeme. Gegenüber anderen Ansätzen erlaubt das Vorgehen eine quantitative Bestimmung und teilweise sogar exakte Rekonstruktion des Fehlersignalverlaufs. Darüber hinaus ermöglicht der Ansatz die Berechnung konstanter Fehlerschwellen direkt aus dem physikalischen Vorwissen über das betrachtete System. Durch eine Erweiterung um eine Betriebsphasenerkennung wird es möglich, die Schwellenwerte des Fehlerdiagnoseansatzes online an die aktuelle Betriebsphase anzupassen. Hierdurch ergibt sich in Betriebsphasen mit geringen Modellunsicherheiten eine deutlich erhöhte Fehlersensitivität. Zudem werden in Betriebsphasen mit großen Modellunsicherheiten Falschalarme vermieden. Die Kernidee besteht darin, die aktuelle Betriebsphase mittels eines Bayes-Klassikators in Echtzeit zu ermitteln und darüber die Fehlerschwellen an die a-priori de nierten Unsicherheiten der unterschiedlichen Betriebsphasen anzupassen. Die E ffektivität und Übertragbarkeit der vorgeschlagenen Ansätze werden einerseits am akademischen Beispiel des Pendelwagens und anderseits am Beispiel der Sensorfehlerdiagnose hydrostatisch angetriebener Radlader als praxisnahe Anwendung demonstriert.