Synen på mångfaldsarbete och mångkulturalitet inom en konfessionell skola

Denna uppsats behandlar en studie av en konfessionell skola med kristen inriktning och hur mantänker kring mångfald och mångkulturella aspekter i undervisningen i en skolsituation som är iprincip etnisk monokulturell vad gäller personal och elevsammansättning. Tyngdpunkten liggerpå hur pedagogerna ser på sina möjligheter att arbeta med dessa frågor dessutom görs avförfattaren en jämförelse med den forskning som finns inom detta område.

Perspektivmöten i skola och handledning : lärares tankar om specialpedagogisk handledning

To create a more inclusive school, an increase in multidisciplinary cooperation is needed. One possible form of collaboration could encompass the special education teacher taking on the role of a consultant for other teachers in need of support in working with heterogeneous groups of pupils. Previous research shows that special education teachers see the role as consultant as diffuse and complex. The overarching aim of the present study involves deepening the knowledge on how consultation in a special educational context can be understood and developed based on teachers’ descriptions on this particular form of activity interpreted against various perspectives on consultation. The study is qualitative in nature and rests on a hermeneutic interpretive research tradition in combination with an abductive approach. The theoretical framework consists of two different approaches to consultation: the directive and the non-directive approach. The approaches differ regarding particular emphasis on advice and reflection during the consultation and with respect to who or what should be the focus of the consultation. The two approaches are here studied through various theories such as social learning theory, Bruner's theory of scaffolding, Roger’s humanist psychology, and constructivism. Semi-structured interviews were held with eighteen special education teachers (n=9) and class teachers (n=9) working in the compulsory school. The overall interpretation of the results shows that special education consultation can be understood as three different types of consultation. Consultation as counseling which harmonizes with the directive perspective on consultation is the most prominent type. In the consultation as counseling conversation, the special educational knowledge transfer is central and the focus is placed on the pupil. Although special education knowledge transfer emerges as a unique aspect of special education consultation, there are several inherent challenges in this type of consultation that can be addressed in that teachers also describe two other types of consultation. In the reflective consultation, there is a move away from the pupil focus and toward a focus on the class teacher and the use of reflection. The reflective consultation harmonizes with the non-directive approach to consultation. This type of consultation does not as of yet have a prominent place in the Finland-Swedish school context and at this stage it is not seen as a legitimate type of consultation according to the teachers’ descriptions. Despite this, certain aspects of the reflective conversation could be given more space in the development of consultation within special educational contexts. The co-operative consultation is characterized by the teachers acting as teammates and using professional exchange as a strategy for consultation. Both teachers' knowledge is seen as central, and rather than the special education teacher acting as the expert and moderator, the teachers control the consultation together and jointly move the work along. The co-operative consultation enables the focus to move from the pupil toward the context, which can lead to the development of inclusive practices. The results indicate that this type of consultation holds potential in the development of special educational consultation that takes place between equal colleagues. The co-operative consultation opens up for a third collaborative approach to consultation, where aspects of the directive and non-directive perspective can merge and develop. The thesis concludes with the proposal that special pedagogical consultation can be understood from an integrated perspective. The characteristics of the consultation can vary depending on the type of problem or situation, while co-operative consultation can be seen as the ideal as equal colleagues meet in consultation conversations. In order to develop the co-operative consultation, both teachers are required to have knowledge of consultation as a practice, to be part of a collaborative school climate, and that teachers are provided with enough time to take part in consultations.

Köpkort och extra inköpstillstånd, som skola beviljas havande och ammande kvinnor samt spädbarn

14 x 21 cm

Instruktion för dem, som skola uppskatta växande gröda

14 x 21 cm

Instruktion för dem, som skola uppskatta växande gröda

14 x 21 cm

Folkförsörjningsministeriets beslut angående de specialkuponger, som jämte egentliga köpkortskuponger skola avskiljas vid överlåtelse av beklädnadsartiklar och skodon

18 x 26 cm

Folkförsörjningsministeriets beslut angående de specialkuponger, som jämte poängkuponger till beklädnadskorten skola avskiljas vid överlåtelse av beklädnadsartiklar och skodon

18 x 26 cm

Köpkort och extra inköpstillstånd, som skola beviljas havande och ammande kvinnor samt spädbarn

15 x 21 cm

Elevers läs- och skrivförmåga över tid : en longitudinell kohortstudie av läsförståelse och stavning i årskurs 1-6 i en finlandssvensk skola

Reports have shown that a growing number of students are leaving school without adequate reading and writing skills. At the same time, finnish children have improved in reading lit-eracy over the past decade. The school´s primary mission is to support student´s reading and writing development and follow it over time. Not only individual students´development has to be followd over time, as seen in this study, to be able to plan interventions. The purpose of this licentiate thesis is to study how the results in grades 1–6 exhibit in reading compre-hension and spelling over time in a school for the Swedish-speaking minority in Finland. Even gender differences in reading comprehension and spelling are being examined, as well as students with low performance. The data collection has been done during a period of twelwe years, 1997–2009, where data from practically every two years has been used for this study. Results are reported for the years 1997, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2007 and 2009. The measuring instruments are standardized and normative tests in reading comprehension and spelling. The same instruments were used all of the years. The number of students was 1 037 and when possible, students partici-pated more than once. There was a minimal loss of data. The groups of students mostly came from urban districts, and a smaller number came from rural districts. Students with special needs were included in the group, but none of the students in special units participat-ed. The results show that the skills in reading comprehension and spelling haven´t changed appreciably over time. The trend shows slightly positive or unchanged direction except in spelling in grade 1 and reading comprehension in grade 5 where the trend is slightly nega-tive. The most obvious change can be noticed over time in reading comprehension in grade 2, where performance has improved significantly. Significant differences between boys´and girls´performances occur some years and in favor of the girls, but more often in spelling than in reading comprehension. In grade 4, there are no differences in results between boys and girls in any year, neither in reading comprehension nor in spelling, nor in grade 2 in reading comprehension. When the results shows gender differences, there are always differ-ences in both reading comprehension and spelling. Poor performances are also analyzed over time. Isolated reading comprehension difficulties were common for those who was performing poorly. In grade 2, as the only grade, most common was a double deficit in both reading comprehension and spelling, and in grade 4, most students who performed poorly had isolated difficulties in spelling. The amount of poor results varies over time, and no particular trend can be discerned. In grade 2, however, the poor results decreased over time, especially for the boys. Even in reading comprehension for grade 6 the amount of poor results, especially for the boys (10th percentile), has decreased over time, at least in the later years, while the poor results in-creased in spelling generally. In grade 4 the amount of poor results in spelling (10th perc.) seems to be reduced for the girls.

Synvinklar på samarbete mellan bibliotek och skola : en fallstudie om S:t Karins huvudbibliotek och S:t Karins svenska skola

Denna pro gradu-avhandling studerar samarbetet mellan det svenskspråkiga lågstadiet S:t Karins svenska skola och S:t Karins stadsbibliotek. I detta fall är huvudvikten på de svenskspråkiga elevernas och lärarnas behov och krav som de har på bibliotekstjänsterna i S:t Karins. Eftersom kommunens enda svenska skola är S:t Karins svenska skola valdes den som undersökningsobjekt. Andra deltagare i avhandlingen är bibliotekspersonalen i S:t Karins bibliotek och S:t Karins stads administrativa personal. Avhandlingens resultat bidrar med ett antal intressanta aspekter. Resultatet erbjuder en mångsidig syn på samarbetet. Från bibliotekets synvinkel är det viktigaste att bygga ett helt nytt bibliotek så snart som möjligt. Bibliotekspersonalen tycker att biblioteksutrymmena är trånga och att de inte motsvarar bibliotekets behov. Dessutom finns det inneluftsproblem i bibliotekshuset som orsakar hälsorisker. Personalen i S:t Karins svenska skola anser att antalet svenskspråkiga böcker är den största bristen hos biblioteket. Biblioteksutrymmena borde också utvecklas eller så borde kommunen investera i nya lokaler i den närmaste framtiden. Från skolans synvinkel är den största fördelen att eleverna och lärarna får betjäning på svenska. Andra fördelar är att det finns en bibliotekarie som är ansvarig för S:t Karins svenska skola och att det är lätt att gå till biblioteket eftersom det ligger nära. S:t Karins bildningsdirektör och den svenskspråkiga stadsfullmäktigeledamoten anser att biblioteksverksamhet beror på pengar och investeringar. Detta styr hurdana S:t Karins bibliotekstjänster är i framtiden. Sammanfattningsvis är det inte möjligt att direkt förutsäga vilken linje samarbetet mellan biblioteket och S:t Karins svenska skola ska ta. Härmed kan konstateras att biblioteket har långa samarbetstraditioner och att samarbetet ska fortsätta. Barn, ungdomar och skolorna är ett av de mest centrala fokusområden för biblioteksverksamhet i S:t Karins region i dag och i framtiden.

Samvaro, språkanvändning och attityder : svenskspråkiga elevers syn på att gå i en samlokaliserad skola

Syftet med denna avhandling är att beskriva svenskspråkiga elevers uppfattningar om och erfarenheter av att gå i en samlokaliserad skola med finskspråkiga elever. Utgående från syftet har tre forskningsfrågor utformats:1. Har de svenskspråkiga elevernas kontakt med de finskspråkiga eleverna förändrats, och i så fall på vilket sätt? 2. Har de svenskspråkiga elevernas användning av det finska språket förändrats, och i så fall på vilket sätt? 3. Har de svenskspråkiga elevernas attityder gentemot de finskspråkiga eleverna förändrats, och i så fall på vilket sätt? Som datainsamlingsmetod används kvalitativa par- och gruppintervjuer. Respondenterna är 11 elever i en samlokaliserad skola och de intervjuas för första gången våren 2010 när de går i årskurs 2. Samma respondenter intervjuas på nytt i december 2012 när de går i årskurs 5. Resultaten redovisas i avhandlingen med hjälp av narrativa berättelser enskilt för varje par och grupp. I slutet av resultatredovisningen jämförs även de förändringar som skett inom varje par och grupp sinsemellan för att läsaren ska få en helhetsbild av förändringarna. Undersökningen visar att det inte skett någon förändring i de svenskspråkiga elevernas kontakt med de finskspråkiga eleverna, men att en vilja till en ökad kontakt har vuxit fram under åren i den samlokaliserade skolan. Det har inte heller skett någon markant förändring i de svenskspråkiga elevernas användning av det finska språket. Även de svenskspråkiga elevernas attityder gentemot de finskspråkiga eleverna har hållits stabila för en del elever, samtidigt som attitydutvecklingen för en del flickor varit positiv. Med hjälp av avhandlingens resultat kan elevernas uppfattningar och erfarenheter tas i beaktande när samlokaliserade skolor planerar sin vardag och funderar på samarbete över språkgränsen. Avhandlingens resultat och elevernas åsikter kan även tas i beaktande när beslut om samlokaliserade skolor görs inför framtiden.

Företagsamhet i skola och utbildning : lärares tankar om förutsättningarna att nå målen i temaområdet Deltagande, demokrati och entreprenörskap

Developing students’ enterprise and proactive approaches to life have been goals of Finnish public education since its introduction. Still, education in Finland today is criticized for not reaching these goals and for overlooking the development of students’ enterprise. The role of enterprise education is ambivalent. On the one hand, enterprise education is advocated as the solution to many of the alleged problems in public education; on the other hand, the pedagogical ideas that enterprise education builds on appear to coincide with the contemporary understanding of “good education.” The thesis discusses what sets enterprise education apart from other types of education and teaching. Notably, the pedagogical foundations for enterprise education are not necessarily solid or sufficiently explored. Thus, the overall aim of the thesis is to explore the conditions for developing enterprise in education. Sloyd, as a school subject that promotes handicraft-based education, has long been attributed as having the potential to develop students’ character and person; similarly, it is also identified as being well suited for developing student enterprise. Enterprise education is not specific to sloyd, however. In fact, developing enterprise is a cross-curricular goal for basic education. In a subject-focused educational structure and culture, the development of an enterprising mindset in students is a common concern for all teachers. Thus, an understanding of the conditions for enterprise education must not be limited to one school subject; rather, the nature of the phenomenon requires a cross-curricular approach. Altogether, the conditions for enterprise education appear to be in need of further research. In addition to a subject-focused structure, other influencing factors that are mentioned in discussions on enterprise education include the need for a more enterprising working culture in school. Importantly, another key factor is the individual teacher’s pedagogical philosophy, which constitutes the frame of reference that informs how he or she understands and interprets his or her profession. Notably, the conditions for enterprise education are poor unless a teacher’s pedagogical philosophy emphasizes a focus on enterprise. The empirical research uses a hermeneutical approach and focuses on exploring teachers’ views on the conditions for reaching the national goals related to students’ enterprise. The interview study was conducted among class and subject teachers around Swedish-speaking Finland. The study shows that teachers view themselves as the most important factor for a focus on enterprise. Teachers have also identified a vast number of contextual factors that influence, support, or counteract a focus on enterprise. Structure, culture, resources, and curriculum, as well as numerous societal factors, all interact to affect the conditions for enterprise education. The prevailing culture of subject focus poses a challenge to enterprise education. At the same time, however, a focus on enterprise can be seen as a natural tendency in grades one to six. Indeed, teachers of all grade levels interpret the development of a proactive approach to life as one of education’s core values. Altogether, the thesis offers a deepened and nuanced understanding of the conditions for enterprise education. While the public education system in Finland seems to have some favourable basic conditions for enterprise education, multifaceted challenges must be faced if the national goals related to enterprise are to be reached.

Förteckning öfver framlidne geheime-rådet m. m. friherre C. E. Gyldenstolpes sterbhus tillhörige böcker, gravurer och chartor, hvilka, genom offentelig auction, som börjas den 19 innev. maj, skola försäljas i Helsingfors

Imprimatur: J. M. af Tengström.