999 resultados para função dos ingredientes


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O processo de fabricação de pão de queijo envolve basicamente escaldamento do polvilho com leite, água e óleo, amassamento com ovo, adição de queijo e assamento. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a função dos ingredientes na consistência da massa e nas características dos pães de queijo produzidos. As massas foram obtidas de 100% polvilho azedo (PA), 100% polvilho doce (PD), 70% polvilho azedo + 30% polvilho doce (PS) e 50% polvilho azedo + 50% polvilho doce (PC), combinados com formulações: completa, com todos os ingredientes (FC), sem leite, mas com água (SL), sem ovo (SO) e sem queijo. As massas foram desenvolvidas no Farinógrafo Brabender, o qual teve deste modo sua forma de utilização ampliada, e a evolução da consistência destas massas foi acompanhada por meio dos gráficos gerados. As massas foram moldadas e assadas e as características dos pães analisadas. Durante o escaldamento e mistura houve elevação dos valores de consistência, o ovo causou queda drástica desta consistência e o queijo provocou nova elevação, tornando a massa moldável. A consistência das massas foi mais afetada pelas formulações sendo que, as sem leite (SL) apresentaram os maiores registros; as sem queijo (SQ) as menos consistentes. As massas sem ovo (SO) apresentaram-se secas, duras, despedaçando-se quando manuseadas. Pães de queijo FC e SQ apresentaram maior volume específico e maior diâmetro. Pães de queijo SO apresentaram menor índice de expansão. O ovo e o queijo desempenharam importante papel na obtenção de massas facilmente moldáveis, originando pães de queijo com boas características estruturais.

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Grande parte das indústrias alimentícias no Brasil tem encontrado na inovação de produtos a chave para a sobrevivência no mercado. Uma forte tendência é o lançamento de produtos que, além da alta qualidade sensorial e nutricional, apresentem benefícios associados à saúde, os denominados alimentos funcionais. Dentre os funcionais, se encontram os ingredientes prebióticos, que, quando presentes na dieta, estimulam seletivamente o crescimento e a atividade de espécies bacterianas promotoras da saúde do organismo. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver uma massa funcional pronta para tortas, utilizando-se como prebiótico, a inulina. O desenvolvimento desse produto foi baseado na ferramenta QFD (Desdobramento da Função Qualidade), sendo esta apontada como meio de organizar o desenvolvimento de novos produtos principalmente no nível de protótipos. Para tal desenvolvimento, pesquisas, testes e análises sugeridas pelo QFD foram realizados. De acordo com os resultados da matriz da qualidade obtida, concluiu-se que as características que os consumidores atribuem como de maior importância para a massa são: ser funcional, não quebrar, ter sabor neutro e ter diâmetro e espessura uniformes. Consequentemente, estas foram priorizadas no desenvolvimento do produto. A análise sensorial indicou que os provadores gostaram muito de todos os atributos de qualidade da massa. Por outro lado, o QFD mostrou-se eficaz no sentido de direcionar, de forma prática, a maneira de planejar e conduzir as atividades necessárias ao processo de desenvolvimento do produto.

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The Brazilian caatinga is characterized by low annual rainfall and arid soils. Several cactaceae, either native or adapted species, grow in this semi-arid region, including the prickly pear (Opuntia fícus indica) and facheiro ((Philosocereus pachycladus Ritter) which produce underexploited edible fruits. In addition to these species, the algaroba is a leguminous with little studied technological applications and bioactive potential so far. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the physicochemical, bioactive and functional attributes of the prickly pear and facheiro fruit pulps and the algaroba flour. Specifically, this study approaches the physicochemical characterization, total phenolic compounds (TPC) and the betalain identification and quantification by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. It is also investigated the DPPH antioxidant capacity and the antienzymatic activities against alpha-amylase and alphaglucosidase of water and ethanolic extracts of these food material. In order to address their potential to be used as food ingredients, juice blends prepared with mixtures of cajá and prickly pear, biofilms with facheiro and cereal bars with algaroba flour were elaborated and analyzed. The prickly pear fruits presented low acidity and high sugar content when compared to facheiro. The Philosocereus pachycladus Ritter fruits had higher protein and ash content, but the algaroba flour was the species with higher protein and sugar content among all. The algaroba flour also presented outstanding food fiber content, which reveals its potentiality to be used as a natural intestinal regulator. The TPC of water and ethanol extracts ranged from 3.87 to 16.21 mg GAE/100g for algaroba flour, 79.24 to 110.20 GAE/ 100g for prickly pear and 412.23 to 539.14 mg GAE/100g for facheiro. The 70% (w/v) ethanol extract reached the highest DPPH antioxidant activity, which was linearly correlated to its high TPC content. In regard to the enzymatic inhibitory activities, the best performance was observed for the prickly pear extracts which presented a moderate inhibition for both investigated enzymes, but interestingly, no alpha-glucosidase inhibition was observed for facheiro extracts. This work shows, for the first time in the literature, the functional attributes of facheiro fruits, as well as the presence of betacianins and isobetanin in the pulp of this exotic fruit. When it comes to the food products developed here, the sensory attributes that better described the juice blend cajá-prickly pear were sweetness, acidity, color yellow-orange, body, turbidity and cajá flavor. The discriminative test applied for cereal bars produced with and without algaroba revealed that the texture was the only sensory attribute that differed (p<0.05) between these two samples. It was also observed that the addition of facheiro extracts did not influence the visual characteristics of the biofilms. Overall, this work unveils the physicochemical and bioactive attributes of these commercial and technologically underexploited species widely found in the Brazilian caatinga and presents alternatives for their rational use

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The thermodynamic equilibrium is a state defined by conditions which depend upon some characteristics of the system. It requires thermal, mechanical, chemical and phase equilibrium. Continuum thermodynamics, its radical restriction usually called homogeneous processes thermodynamics, as well as the classical thermodynamic science of reversible processes, each of them defines equilibrium in a differing way. But these definitions lead to the same physical contents.

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Brazil is an important poultry meat export country, and large parts of its destination are countries with specific rearing restrictions related to broiler s welfare. One of the aerial pollutants mostly found in high concentrations in closed poultry housing environment is ammonia. There are evidences that broilers welfare may be compromised by the continuous exposition to this pollutant in rearing housing. This research aimed to estimate broilers welfare reared under specific thermal environmental attributes and bird s density, as function of the ammonia concentration and light intensity inside the housing environment using the Fuzzy Theory. Results showed that the best welfare value (0.89 in the scale: 0-1) approximately 90% of the ideal was found in the conditions that associated the ideal thermal environment, with bird s density between 13-15 birds m-2, with values of the ammonia concentration in the environment below 5 ppm, and light intensity near 1 lx. Using the predictive method it was possible to estimate broilers welfare with relation to the ammonia concentration and light intensity in the housing.

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Laboratory tests are essential for accurate diagnosis and cost-effective management of thyroid disorders. When the clinical suspicion is strong, hormonal levels just confirms the diagnosis. However, in most patients, symptoms are subtle and unspecific, so that only biochemical tests can detect the disorder. The objective of this article is to do a critical analysis of the appropriate use of the most important thyroid function tests, including serum concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH), thyroid hormones and antithyroid antibodies. Through a survey in the MedLine database, we discuss the major pitfalls and interferences related to daily use of these tests and recommendations are presented to optimize the use of these diagnostic tools in clinical practice.

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The first idea of this study is trat there may be a disturbance of the visuo-spatial function in cerebral palsy. This idea is based upon the theories of Luria and Piaget. The second idea of this study is that the computer can help the investigation of visuo-spatial function. With the intention of evaluating the spatial function in cerebral palsy, the literature related to these themes was revised. We justify the proposal of a new test to study visuo-spatial function. This test uses straight lines in four different orientations and the subject has to recognize and arrange them individually or sets of them. This was done through the use of pencil and papel, and computer. The results confirm that there is a spatial disturbance and that a better understanding of the subject's difficulties was made possible through the use of the computer and the Logo computer language.

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física