Análise de restrição de DNA ribossomal amplificado (ARDRA) pode diferenciar Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli de F. solani f. sp. glycines

Métodos moleculares têm sido utilizados para caracterizar a diversidade entre isolados de Fusarium spp. patogênicos e não patogênicos a uma cultura e, para determinar relações genéticas entre formae speciales. Testes de patogenicidade realizados em soja (Glycine max) e feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris) com 17 isolados de Fusarium solani não demonstraram especificidade de hospedeiros. Utilizou-se a técnica ARDRA (Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis) para analisar a região ITS1 - 5,8S rDNA - ITS2, amplificada com os primers ITS5 e ITS4. Os produtos amplificados foram digeridos com as enzimas de restrição Hae III e Msp I. Os padrões de bandas gerados pela digestão com a enzima Hae III permitiram diferenciar três grupos entre os isolados de F. solani, sendo um grupo específico para isolados de F. solani f. sp. phaseoli com 100% de similaridade entre os 11 isolados. Entre os isolados de F. solani f. sp glycines foram observados dois padrões distintos de restrição. A técnica de ARDRA utilizando a enzima Hae III apresenta, portanto, potencial para utilização como um marcador para diferenciação entre as formae specialesphaseoli e glycines, dentro do complexo F. solani.

Fusarium solani f. sp. passiflorae: A new forma specialis causing collar rot in yellow passion fruit

The aim of this study was to characterize a Fusarium population obtained from yellow passion fruit (YPF) with collar rot using pathogenicity, morphocultural characteristics and molecular tests. Pathogenicity and disease severity were assessed in six plant species: YPF, zucchini, tomato, bean, soya bean and cucumber. Potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) was used to determine mycelial growth at five temperatures (15-35°C). The colour produced by isolates was also determined on PDA at 25°C. Synthetic nutrient agar medium was used to evaluate: (i) type of mycelium and phialides; (ii) size, shape and number of septa from conidia; and (iii) production of chlamydospores and perithecia. Molecular tests consisted of sequencing the ITS-5·8S rDNA region and elongation factor 1α (EF-1α) gene. The isolates caused large lesions on YPF, zucchini and tomato, with YPF having the highest mean disease severity and being the only one that showed wilt symptoms and death of the plant. Thus the isolates showed host specificity. Maximum mycelial growth occurred at 25°C and the predominant colour was bluish-white. The isolates produced long phialides, dense aerial mycelium, oval microconidia with a mean size of 9·5 × 2·6 μm, macroconidia of 32·7 × 3·4 μm with 3·3 septa, and chlamydospores; only one isolate lacked perithecia. Phylogenetic trees of the ITS region and EF-1α gene showed that isolates from YPF formed a distinct group within the F. solani group and the formae speciales of F. solani. It is proposed to name all isolates from YPF as F. solani f. sp. passiflorae. © 2013 British Society for Plant Pathology.

Mitochondrial inheritance during a parasexual cycle in {\it Fusarium oxysporum\/} forma specialis {\it cubense\/}

Fusarium oxysporum is a diverse, asexual fungal species composed of both saprophytic and pathogenic members. The destructive phytopathogens are classified into formae speciales based on the host species and into vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) based on the ability of two individuals to form heterokaryons. Parasexuality, a non-sexual mode of genetic exchange unique to some fungi has been demonstrated in the laboratory in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (FOC). The goals of this dissertation were threefold: to ascertain whether mitochondrial (mt) markers can distinguish race differences in FOC; to determine genetic relatedness of VCGs in FOC based on a mt marker; and to discover the mode of mt inheritance during a parasexual cycle.^ Band patterns produced by electrophoresis of Hae III digested genomic DNA indicated that VCG differences, not race, could be discerned by mtDNA analysis. Primers were designed to amplify a mt intergenic locus which served as a molecular marker to screen 55 strains of FOC in 16 VCGs using both single strand conformational polymorphism and DNA sequencing. Based on homogeneity of the locus, strains were assigned to seven mitotypes, a classification unit which I introduced and found informative for grouping related VCGs.^ To determine the mode of mt inheritance during a parasexual cycle, strains in different mitotypes were paired. Mitochondrial inheritance in all hybrid progeny was found to be uniparental. I speculated that if a parasexual cycle occurs in nature there would be greater variation in the nuclear genome than the mt. This could produce multiple VCGs within a mitotype, a phenomenon observed in FOC. Based on these data, I concluded that parasexuality in nature may contribute to the diversity observed in Fusarium oxysporum. ^

1.° Anonymi tractatus de compositione astrolabii. — 2.° Theorica planetarum : authore Gerardo Carmonensi. — 3.° Joannis de Sacrobosco tractatus de sphaera : multa sub finem desiderantur. — 4.° Practica ad componendum cylindrum. — 5.° Compositio astrolabii nova. — 6.° Canones quadrantis novi. — 7.° Canones cylindri. — 8.° Canones astrolabii. — 9.° Anonymi tractatus de compositione sphaerae solidae cum armillis. — 10.° Anonymi practica de modo mensurandi in geometria. — 11.° Algorismus specialis et astronomicus. — 12.° La maniére de connoistre les heures de nuit. — 13.° Anonymi tractatus de compositione quadrantis. — 14.° Canones, sive utilitates quadrantis.

Colbertinus

Liber specialis diocesis Aboensis, käsikirjoitusfragmentti - [1]

Loppuosa Pyhän Henrikin talvimessuun kuuluvasta sekvenssistä Cetus noster, sekvenssi Ecce magnus presbiter hänen kesä- ja jokapäiväismessustaan sekä tractuksen Beatus vir alku hänen talvimessustaan

De integratione fluxionum formae: (sin Z)m. (cos Z)ⁿ dZ

Dedikaatio: Anna Lindqvist född Frendeen [ruots.].

Liturgica, prudentia specialis et jurisprudentia ecclesiastica

Imprimatur: J. G. Rancken.

Disputationes metaphisicae specialis

UANL

Friderici Hoffmanni Medicinae rationalis systematicae : tomi quarti quo specialis morborum pathologia, et huic superstructa solida therapia cum medendi methodo cautelis clinicis, et morborum enarrationibus adiuncta epicrisi, exhibentur : pars tertia doctrinam spasmidicorum et convulsivorum morborum perspicva et demonstrativa methodo tradens.

Mode of access: Internet.

Friderici Hoffmanni Medicinae rationalis systematicae : tomi quarti quo specialis morborum pathologia, et huic superstructa solida therapia cum medendi methodo cautelis clinicis, et morborum enarrationibus adiuncta epicrisi, exhibentur : pars quarta doctrinam morborum ex viscerum labe partiumque solidarum atonia perspicva et demonstrativa methodo tradens.

Mode of access: Internet.

Friderici Hoffmanni Medicinae rationalis systematicae : tomi quarti quo specialis morborum pathologia, et huic superstructa solida therapia cum medendi methodo cautelis clinicis, et morborum enarrationibus adiuncta epicrisi, exhibentur : pars quinta doctrinam morborum ac vitiorum externas potissimum partes affligentium perspicva et demonstrativa methodo tradens.

Mode of access: Internet.

D. Io. Henrici Schulzii ... Pathologiae specialis : appendix De morbis mulierum et infantum in usum auditorum /

Mode of access: Internet.

D. Io. Henrici Schulzii ... Pathologiae specialis in usum auditorum /

Mode of access: Internet.

Friderici Hoffmanni Medicinae rationalis systematicae tomus quartus quo specialis morborum pathologia et huic superstructa solida therapia cum medendi methodo cautelis clinicis et morborum enarrationibus adiuncta epicrisi exhibentur ; pars prima doctrinam de omnis generis febribus tam intermittentibus quam continuis et acutis inflammatoriis perspicua et demonstrativa methodo tradens.

Mode of access: Internet.

Friderici Hoffmanni Medicinae rationalis systematicae tomus quartus quo specialis morborum pathologia et huic superstructa solida therapia cum medendi methodo cautelis clinicis et morborum enarrationibus adiuncta epicrisi exhibentur ; pars secunda doctrinam haemorrhagiarum et dolorum perspicua et demonstrativa methodo tradens.

Mode of access: Internet.