The effect of asymetric preferences on the federal funds rate.

Rapport de recherche

Memorandum on the impact of the First Amendment to the Constitution upon Federal aid to education : Memorandum on the Constitutional authority of the Congress to enact S. 1021. Federal programs under which institutions with religious affiliation receive Federal funds through grants or loans.

Documents prepared by the Department's legal staff in response to the request of Senator Morse, Chairman, Subcommittee on Education, committee on Labor and Public Welfare.

Better targeting of federal funds needed to eliminate unsafe bridges. Comptroller General's report to the Honorable James R. Sasser, United States Senate.

Mode of access: Internet.

Highway funding: alternatives for distributing federal funds.

Mode of access: Internet.

Federal funds to state agencies : annual report to the Illinois General Assembly.

Description based on: May 1991.

The power of the purse : what do the data say on US federal budget allocation to the states?

This paper provides new evidence on the determinants of the allocation of the US federal budget to the states and tests the capability of congressional, electoral and partisan theories to explain such allocation. We find that socio-economic characteristics are important explanatory variables but are not sufficient to explain the disparities in the distribution of federal monies. First, prestige committee membership is not conducive to pork-barrelling. We do not find any evidence that marginal states receive more funding; on the opposite, safe states tend to be rewarded. Also, states that are historically "swing" in presidential elections tend to receive more funds. Finally, we find strong evidence supporting partisan theories of budget allocation. States whose governor has the same political affiliation of the President receive more federal funds; while states whose representatives belong to a majority opposing the president party receive less funds.

Project Development Information Packet for Federal-Aid City and County Projects, 1997

In August, 1994, the Office of Local Systems, Project Development Division, Iowa Department of Transportation established a Quality Improvement Team to review and improve upon the federal-aid project development process. The mission was to communicate federal-aid project development procedures to local agencies, beginning with the approval of the Statewide Transportation Improvement Program (STIP) and ending with obligation of federal funds by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). In January 1997, another Team (Make it Better) began meeting to clarify, update, and streamline the federal-aid project process. This Project Development Packet is a compilation of these efforts. The packet includes Project Development timelines, flow charts, guidelines, design criteria, Instructional Memorandums and forms to assist in the federal-aid project development process. The main (fold out) flow chart directs to other sections of the packet when appropriate.

Does the Term Spread play a role in the FED's reaction function? An Empirical Investigation

Using US data for the period 1967:5-2002:4, this paper empirically investigates the performance of a Fed’s reaction function (FRF) that (i) allows for the presence of switching regimes, (ii) considers the long-short term spread in addition to the typical variables, (iii) uses an alternative monthly indicator of general economic activity suggested by Stock and Watson (1999), and (iv) considers interest rate smoothing. The estimation results show the existence of three switching regimes, two characterized by low volatility and the remaining regime by high volatility. Moreover, the scale of the responses of the Federal funds rate to movements in the rate of inflation and the economic activity index depends on the regime. The estimation results also show robust empirical evidence that the importance of the term spread in the FRF has increased over the sample period and the FRF has been more stable during the term of office of Chairman Greenspan than in the pre-Greenspan period.

The role of the term spread in an augmented Taylor rule: An empirical investigation

Using US data for the period 1967:5-2002:4, this paper empirically investigates the performance of an augmented version of the Taylor rule (ATR) that (i) allows for the presence of switching regimes, (ii) considers the long-short term spread in addition to the typical variables, (iii) uses an alternative monthly indicator of general economic activity suggested by Stock and Watson (1999), and (iv) considers interest rate smoothing. The estimation results show the existence of switching regimes, one characterized by low volatility and the other by high volatility. Moreover, the scale of the responses of the Federal funds rate to movements in the term spread, inflation and the economic activity index depend on the regime. The estimation results also show robust empirical evidence that the ATR has been more stable during the term of office of Chairman Greenspan than in the pre-Greenspan period. However, a closer look at the Greenspan period shows the existence of two alternative regimes and that the response of the Fed funds rate to inflation has not been significant during this period once the term spread is considered.

Saúde da Família: características do financiamento para municípios selecionados no Paraná

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar as características do financiamento da atenção básica e do Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF), na 10 RS do Estado do Paraná, e sua relação como indutor do modelo assistencial à saúde. Identifica o comportamento das receitas para o PSF na 10 RS do Paraná, o comportamento das despesas com atenção básica em relação à despesa total com saúde da regional e o papel dos incentivos financeiros do PSF como indutores de manutenção e expansão do PSF na assistência à saúde dos municípios selecionados. O financiamento estável e suficiente é imprescindível para que o acesso às ações e serviços de saúde a todos os cidadãos brasileiros possa efetivamente acontecer. A implementação do SUS traz consigo um desafio na mudança do modelo assistencial: de um acesso restrito aos beneficiários do INPS ao acesso universal, o SUS garante a saúde como um direito de todos e dever do Estado, mediante políticas públicas que são os pilares básicos da transição de um modelo curativo para um modelo preventivo com ações pautadas na integralidade. Os desafios na mudança do modelo assistencial estão intimamente ligados aos desafios pelo financiamento. O embate constante por financiamento e as tentativas de vinculação de receita para garantir a suficiência e estabilidade de recursos para o SUS constituem imperativos para que o sistema possa dar conta de atender a todos os cidadãos. A 10 Regional de Saúde do Estado do Paraná, sediada na cidade de Cascavel, possui 25 municípios e apenas um não tem implantada a Estratégia Saúde da Família. Para a análise das características do financiamento da atenção básica e do PSF para o caso analisado, foram utilizados dados provenientes de sistemas de informação oficiais de caráter público, sendo eles: Sistema de Informação sobre Orçamentos Públicos em Saúde (SIOPS), Cadastro Nacional dos Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES), Departamento Nacional de Atenção Básica (DAB) e Fundo Nacional de Saúde (FNS). A partir da análise dos dados, foi possível identificar o papel indutor dos recursos do PAB variável ao PSF nos municípios, pois a maioria possui menos de 20 mil habitantes e sua organização dos serviços no nível municipal tem a atenção básica como único nível de assistência. As transferências intergovernamentais, entre elas os incentivos financeiros, têm alto peso no total de recursos dos municípios, mas a capacidade de gestão e a possibilidade de implantação das equipes com atuação nos moldes que se propõem a adotar a ESF precisam ser repensadas e discutidas no nível municipal, para que a implantação da estratégia não seja apenas a maneira através da qual os municípios buscam recursos. Desta forma, o Governo Federal continua sendo o agente definidor da política de saúde no território nacional. Num país onde os municípios são caracterizados por enorme heterogeneidade de tamanho e renda, os repasses federais cumprem e deverão continuar cumprindo papel fundamental no gasto do PSF, o que se confirma nos municípios analisados.

Monetary policy and the cross-section of stock returns: a FAVAR approach

We use a factor-augmented vector autoregression (FAVAR) to estimate the impact of monetary policy shocks on the cross-section of stock returns. Our FAVAR combines unobserved factors extracted from a large set of nancial and macroeconomic indicators with the Federal Funds rate. We nd that monetary policy shocks have heterogeneous e ects on the crosssection of stock returns. These e ects are very well explained by the degree of external nance dependence, as well as by other sectoral characteristics.

CAUC: orientações preventivas e corretivas acerca da regularidade dos municípios

O objetivo deste trabalho é orientar o gestor municipal, através de medidas preventivas e corretivas, no cumprimento dos requisitos fiscais elencados pelo Serviço Auxiliar de Informações para Transferências Voluntárias - CAUC, promovendo assim, a adimplência do Município e, consequentemente, a possibilidade de captação de recursos federais por transferências voluntárias. Desta forma, primeiramente, é realizada uma breve contextualização do tema, destacando sua relevância e as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos municípios no momento atual. No referencial teórico, a definição dos tipos de transferências de recursos, com destaque para as transferências voluntárias, a definição de convênios e a apresentação do CAUC, seus requisitos e funcionalidades, bem como a metodologia adotada no trabalho. Neste trabalho é apresentada pesquisa realizada no período de 2010 a 2013, com os municípios do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, apontando os requisitos recorrentes no CAUC que geram inadimplência e os principais aspectos observados. A partir dos dados coletados são elencadas medidas de caráter preventivo e corretivo, as principais ações e tipos de monitoramento, com o intuito de auxiliar os municípios na compreensão e no cumprimento das exigências.

O ouro branco abre caminho: o algodão e a modernização do espaço urbano da Cidade da Parahyba (1850-1924)

The present research deals with the modernization process of the Cidade da Parahyba2, between 1850 and 1924, and its relation with the cotton economy, which represented the main source of wealth accumulation for both the private and the public sectors throughout the First Republic. This study on urban history was developed by focusing on the understanding of the city s spatial formation, and despite its emphasis on the economic aspects involved, other factors that also contribute to the development of the social life were not put aside. The modernization process of the Cidade da Parahyba was also analyzed during the period established for the study according to a chronological and thematic approach that established comparisons with the financial situation of the State, whenever this was necessary, with special attention to the contribution of the cotton economy to the State´s revenues. It was possible to detect a lack of financial help and loans from the federal and municipal administrations for finishing several public works already underway in the capital, since the federal funds allocated to the State of Parahyba do Norte were rather employed in emergency works against droughts and in agricultural development. One can then conclude that the financial resources required for the urban interventions were withdrawn from the State s treasury itself, resources that were collected mainly from activities such as cotton exportation and cotton trading. Another factor shows the interdependence between the urban remodeling and the cotton economy: during the years marked by great droughts or by hard plagues on the cotton plantations, cotton production decreased, as well as the State s finances. The first measures taken by the State s administrators were to halt all projects of urban remodeling in progress in the Cidade da Parahyba, which was, clearly, the most privileged city by the State s presidents during the period analyzed. 2 The city of João Pessoa was named Cidade da Parahyba, a designation that remained until September 1930, when it received its present-day name in order to pay homage to the president of the State, João Pessoa Cavalcanti de Albuquerque, murdered in the city of Recife in August of that same year. At that time, the State of Paraíba was known as Parahyba do Norte. Since this work is limited to a period of time comprised within the First Republic, the names employed respect the terms used in those days

A nova política de habitação de interesse social no Pará (2007-2010): avanços e limites

A presente dissertação realiza um reflexão acerca dos avanços e limites da nova Política de Habitação de Interesse Social no Pará, no período de 2007 a 2010, identificando os principais obstáculos que se apresentam para sua implementação neste Estado, considerando especificamente a atuação dos diversos níveis do Poder Público. Entende-se que a instituição do Sistema Nacional da Habitação de Interesse Social pode ser considerada um avanço para a política nacional, resultado da trajetória e do acúmulo dos movimentos ligados à discussão da Reforma Urbana no país, apresentando um novo arranjo institucional, baseado no fortalecimento da pactuação federativa e maior participação e controle social, em que se verifica ainda maior aporte de recursos federais e ampliação da atuação do Governo Estadual. Nesse sentido, o trabalho analisa mais particularmente as estratégias de descentralização adotadas pela recente política, bem como os resultados alcançados principalmente pelas administrações municipais paraenses, no tocante ao acesso aos recursos federais e execução de ações neste setor. A pesquisa bibliográfica aborda a questão habitacional e urbana, Estado e políticas sociais, descentralização de políticas sociais, política habitacional no Brasil e no Pará e urbanização na Amazônia, com foco no Pará. Foram ainda realizadas pesquisa documental e entrevistas com representantes do Governo Federal, Estadual e Municipais, bem como representantes de movimentos sociais e populares. Os resultados apontam que, para além dos avanços na estruturação de um sistema nacional e da conquista de importantes espaços de participação no nível federal, as estratégias de descentralização ainda se apresentam de maneira frágil, o que pode representar um limite ao processo de consolidação do SNHIS.

O plano de ações articuladas e a gestão educacional do município de Altamira-Pará

ABSTRACT: This researpch discusses the role of Articulated Action Plan (AAP) in education management and present as object of study the implications of AAP in the management of Altamira-PA education, with respect to the democratic management. The investigation seems to clarify se with the implementation of the AAP there was progress in the democratization of education management in Altamira-PA. We pointed as well as general objective: analyze the implications of AAP for educational management Altamira from 2007 to 2012. The research investigation bases made themselves with the literature of contribution on the issues of the state and education politic, the democratic management of education and Articulated Action Plan, as well as official documents available in SEMED and other sources. Having as part of a research management, considered in the analysis of the educational context dimension 1 (one) of the AAP. So in addition to statistical data on municipal education, we analyzed financial data for the transfer of federal funds, and qualitative data on the participation of research subjects (education secretaries, counselors, teachers and teaching coordination). The investigation revealed that it is still fragile the field of democratization of education in Altamira. Of the analyzed aspects contained in the AAP, including the functioning of the councils (School Boards, City Board of Education, CACS-Fundeb and CAE), providing of the position of directors and the construction of the Municipal Education Plan (MEP) show progress and setbacks regarding the democratic management: existence of all the advice of social control and monitoring; reactivation of CME but this still can not coordinate discussions on the educational politic of the municipality; little participation in the School Boards; creation of Law No. 3,085/2012 establishing the Municipal school system, but still no installation; transfers under the AAP of federal funds for schools; lack of MEP and privilege of the IAS Target Plan. Finally, it is concluded that even if the resistance fronts for the construction and consolidation of democratic management of education and there are historical in Altamira, the construction of educational politic with the participation of all is frustrated by the centrality of the decision-making power in the Government’s hands.