Politics without the Vernacular: Liberal Culturalism and the Language Policy of the European Union

Will Kymlicka's liberal culturalism presents a tension between the idea that linguistic diversity in multilingual polities should be protected and the claim that democratic debate across linguistic boundaries is unfeasible. In this article, I resolve that tension by arguing that trans-lingual democratic deliberation in multilingual polities is necessary to legitimise those measures aimed at the protection of linguistic diversity. I conclude that my account provides a coherent normative response to the challenges faced by the European Union (EU) in the field of language policy and that an EU-wide deliberative forum is not as unfeasible as Kymlicka suggests.

Postcolonial theory and cross-culturalism : collaborative ‘signposts’ of discursive practices

This paper is a forerunner of a detailed piece of work. It explores the notions of postcolonial theory and cross-culturalism, and whether they can be regarded as collaborative ‘signposts’ of discursive practices. The aim of this paper is to move beyond the contemporary constructs of race, culture and identification and into the arena of hybridity and multiplicity and the constituting and reconstituting of self. In this discussion, I will first outline the notions of postcolonial theory and cross-culturalism, and then explore focal points of collaborative discursive practices. In doing so, I will discuss perceptions of language and discourse and their relationships to postcolonial theory and cross-culturalism. In the context of this topic, I shall use Australia as an example of a diverse community and English as the language being discussed under the term ‘discursive practices’.

Beyond culturalism: addressing issues of Indigenous disadvantage through schooling

This paper draws from a study that explored issues of student equity, marginality and diversity in two secondary schools in regional Queensland (Australia). The paper foregrounds interview data gathered from administration, teaching and ancillary staff at one of the schools, ‘Crimson’ High School. The school has a high Indigenous student population and is well recognised within the broader community as catering well to this population. With reference to the school’s concerns about Indigenous disadvantage and the various approaches undertaken to address this disadvantage, the paper articulates the significance of educators being critically aware of how they construct race and use it as an organising principle in their work. This awareness is central to moving beyond the culturalism and racial incommensurability that tend to predominate within Indigenous education—where cultural reductionism homogenises indigeneity within and against a dominant White norm. With reference to a specific approach at the school designed predominantly for Indigenous male students—to foster inter-cultural awareness and respect through sport—we highlight ways in which notions of culturalism and racial incommensurability might be disrupted.

An Unkind Cut: Circumcision, Death and the Impact of Irish Health Policy on Asylum Seekers

Healthcare and the wider social determinants of health are the keystone of a number of complex progressive social justice issues that evoke complex emotions. As the demography of Ireland rapidly changes, the practices and expectations of some asylum seekers presents new opportunities for the providers of health service provision and reform. This paper looks at some of the emotions evoked in health care issues and draws on observations and interviews from empirical fieldwork carried out for the Health Research Board. The research was conducted both in the Adelaide and Meath Hospital, incorporating the National Children’s Hospital, Tallaght and in a number of refugee reception centres in Ireland. At one level honouring faith choices within a healthcare setting is a societal acknowledgement made to people at their most vulnerable, that the potent and cathartic transformative rituals they value are significant in mediating and managing their emotions - at another level, it is a practical and a symbolic communication of a statutory commitment to inter-culturalism and community cohesion..

Anthropologie de la parenté : la méconnaissance de la perspective évolutionniste et ses conséquences sur la théorisation.

Pendant plus de cent ans, les anthropologues ont étudié les phénomènes de parenté tels que le mariage et la famille dans une grande diversité de sociétés humaines. En dépit de ces efforts, il y a clairement un manque de consensus concernant les notions de bases impliquées et plusieurs anthropologues sont insatisfaits de l’état actuel des connaissances théoriques offertes par leur discipline. Nous nous sommes donc demandé si la perspective culturaliste, qui ne tient pas compte des fondements biologiques du comportement humain et qui a dominé les études de parenté depuis leurs débuts, serait responsable de cet état de fait. Pour tester cette hypothèse, nous avons comparé deux corpus de connaissances portant sur les notions de base de la parenté humaine. Le premier s’appuie sur le contenu de sept manuels d’anthropologie ainsi que sur l’œuvre marquante de David M. Schneider « A Critique of the Study of Kinship » (1984). Le deuxième s’appuie sur des connaissances acquises dans une perspective évolutionniste portant sur les mêmes phénomènes. Les résultats de cette analyse comparative indiquent que les anthropologues méconnaissent l’influence de la biologie sur la parenté et que l’intégration des connaissances existantes à ce sujet dans les théories anthropologiques permettrait de résoudre les principaux problèmes identifiés.

I skuggan av kulturella stereotypier : perspektiv på forskning om genus, jämställdhet och etniska relationer i Sverige

In the shadow of ethno-cultural stereotypes: gender, equity and ethnic relations in Sweden Scientific debates about cultural differences between ”Swedes” and migrants/ethnic minorities in Sweden have fuelled stereotypical categorizations and a socio-cultural demarcation between ”us” and ”them”. The authors argue that this development has underpinned constructions of foreignness. In the light of a critical review of the current debate on honour related violence, the authors discuss – inspired by Georg Simmel’s and Erving Goffman’s classic texts on the stranger, the stigma and the construction of foreignness – alternative understandings of culture and politics of belonging with a focus on gender, agency and identity formation. Formation of cultural and ethnic identity should be related, the authors conclude, to a dynamic interplay between the past and the present. Moreover, the social dimension should be highlighted, in order to avoid a stigmatizing culturalism.

The development and consequences of multiculturalism : as exemplified by the Polish diaspora intelligentsia

This study analyses the way intellectuals within the Polish Diaspora or Polonia in Australia use writing as a means to integrate the community within the host society whilst creating a distinct ethnic community identity. By interviewing authors and analysing the relationship between the evolving characteristics of Polish writing and social policy this study brings to light the shortcomings of multiculturalism. The controversial policy experiment of multiculturalism has lost support as it failed to redress central issues of social equity and as I will show created new social problems which have yet to be overcome. The central argument of the study is that multiculturalism created a reactive social environment which encouraged Diaspora ethnocentrism in a way that has been detrimental to national unity. I show how and why this policy has failed to foster inter-culturalism and why a move towards integration can lead to greater social cohesion and equity in Australian society. I also explore the extent to which Diasporas such as the Polonia have been agents of social change rather than recipients.

Understanding the tensions in place – conflict and conservation in Kashmir

The ongoing evolution of the global heritage movement has been marked by a move away from fabric-centred understandings of heritage, towards a language of ‘place’, ‘values’ and ‘stakeholders’. Recent initiatives like the ‘Vienna Memorandum on Historic Urban Landscapes’ and the ‘Seoul Declaration on Heritage and the Metropolis in Asia and the Pacific’ represent important steps in such directions for managing the heritage of urban environments. This paper examines these developments in the context of Srinagar, the capital city of Indian administered Kashmir. With the conflict in the region enduring for more than fifteen years, the city - regarded as one of the most important pre-modern urban landscapes in South Asia - has suffered extensive physical damage. Nonetheless, the city remains the cultural and political heart of a wider collective identity rooted in the Kashmir Valley. As such, Srinagar presents a rich example of a city that would strongly benefit from the insights gained from Seoul and Vienna; an approach that recognises how a sense of ‘place’ arises through an intimate dialogue between the built environment and the socio-cultural context within which it sits. However, as we shall see, a framework oriented around ‘values’ and ‘context’ opens up unfamiliar and difficult questions and challenges. If a city like Srinagar is to be discussed in more holistic, less fabric-based terms, the interfaces between heritage and its wider social values, such as cultural sovereignty, multi-culturalism or democracy require far greater attention than they have received to date.

Equality and Diversity in the Dutch Welfare State

Under the Constitution, the equality principle is very important in the Netherlands. This article argues that there is little evidence for equal citizenship in the Netherlands. There is anti-discrimination legislation in the Netherlands, but it is not very robust. The core argument in this article is that the equality principle must be supplemented by the diversity principle. Diversity is multi-dimensional and can refer to religion, philosophy of life, political persuasion, race (ethnicity), gender, nationality, sexual orientation, age, disability and chronic illness. In this paper multi-culturalism and disability are taken into account and we make a comparison of the social position of disabled people and people from ethnic minorities. Policies on diversity are needed to arrive at diverse citizenship in a varied society. This implies that a distinction has to be made between political citizenship and cultural citizenship. The former has to do with equality, and the latter with diversity.

El bebé y el agua de la bañera o ¿aún contra la literatura? (in/comodidades de las nuevas agendas)

La instalación de los estudios culturales como práctica dominante en diversas zonas del mundo universitario ha traído como consecuencia la suspensión o incluso el olvido de proyectos que en los años 70 y 80 constituyeron una ruptura epistemológica respecto de la tradición de la crítica literaria latinoamericana. Tendencias del culturalismo actual -la crítica genealógica, los estudios subalternos- han cuestionado de tal modo la literatura como objeto de estudio que propician su desaparición de las nuevas agendas críticas. La revisión de algunos problemas que surgen de tal deseo se hará a partir de un par de textos de Alberto Moreiras y John Beverley.

El bebé y el agua de la bañera o ¿aún contra la literatura? (in/comodidades de las nuevas agendas)

La instalación de los estudios culturales como práctica dominante en diversas zonas del mundo universitario ha traído como consecuencia la suspensión o incluso el olvido de proyectos que en los años 70 y 80 constituyeron una ruptura epistemológica respecto de la tradición de la crítica literaria latinoamericana. Tendencias del culturalismo actual -la crítica genealógica, los estudios subalternos- han cuestionado de tal modo la literatura como objeto de estudio que propician su desaparición de las nuevas agendas críticas. La revisión de algunos problemas que surgen de tal deseo se hará a partir de un par de textos de Alberto Moreiras y John Beverley.

El bebé y el agua de la bañera o ¿aún contra la literatura? (in/comodidades de las nuevas agendas)

La instalación de los estudios culturales como práctica dominante en diversas zonas del mundo universitario ha traído como consecuencia la suspensión o incluso el olvido de proyectos que en los años 70 y 80 constituyeron una ruptura epistemológica respecto de la tradición de la crítica literaria latinoamericana. Tendencias del culturalismo actual -la crítica genealógica, los estudios subalternos- han cuestionado de tal modo la literatura como objeto de estudio que propician su desaparición de las nuevas agendas críticas. La revisión de algunos problemas que surgen de tal deseo se hará a partir de un par de textos de Alberto Moreiras y John Beverley.

Edukacja i kultura. Studium nad szkolnictwem obowiązkowym w Szwecji

Wydział Studiów Edukacyjnych

El tratamiento estético de la figura de la prostituta en la lírica modernista española

This PhD thesis sets out to show, firstly, that Spanish modernist poets are lavish in their sublimation of the figure of the prostitute in their lyrical compositions. It argues that ultimately, they do not do this randomly or arbitrarily, but in response to a series of mechanisms that turn this sublimation into an investigation within the modernist movement. The need for a study such as this one seems indisputable, as not very much work has been done on this topic in Spanish literature, unlike in other literatures (particularly Latin American literature, precisely in the same turn-of-the-century period and in connection with Modernism). What little work has been published on the treatment of the figure of the prostitute in turn-of-the-century Spanish literature refers to narrative prose, notably the realist and naturalist novel, as well as the short story. Also, such work usually lacks a general theoretical framework, as it deals with one novel, one author, or in the case of greater generalisation, a specific type of novel. The study of this figure in literary texts involves studying Modernism itself, as it neatly draws together the panoply of topics so dear to Modernism, namely, the erotic, the marginal, the feminine, the cursed and Culturalism...