Validation of a 3D damage model for predicting the response of composite structures under crushing loads

A 3D intralaminar continuum damage mechanics based material model, combining damage mode interaction and material nonlinearity, was developed to predict the damage response of composite structures undergoing crush loading. This model captures the structural response without the need for calibration of experimentally determined material parameters. When used in the design of energy absorbing composite structures, it can reduce the dependence on physical testing. This paper validates this model against experimental data obtained from the literature and in-house testing. Results show that the model can predict the force response of the crushed composite structures with good accuracy. The simulated energy absorption in each test case was within 12% of the experimental value. Post-crush deformation and the damage morphologies, such as ply splitting, splaying and breakage, were also accurately reproduced. This study establishes the capability of this damage model for predicting the responses of composite structures under crushing loads.

Krom's ore crushing and concentrating machines /

"Index": p. 2 of cover.

Organizational maintenance repair parts and special tools lists : crusher, roll, diesel and electric driven, wheel mounted, pneumatic tires, 75 ton per hour, NSN 3820-00-788-5999, Eagle crusher model 5230B, NSN 3820-00-876-7876, Eagle crusher model 5230C and model 5230D, component of crushing and screening plant, diesel and electric driven, wheel mounted, 75 ton per hour.

Includes index.

Organizational maintenance manual : crusher, jaw, diesel and electric driven, wheel mounted, pneumatic tires, 75 ton per hour (Eagle crusher model 5157), FSN 3820-783-7311, component of crushing and screening plant, diesel and electric driven, wheel mounted, 75 ton per hour.

"February 1964."

Operator's manual : crusher, roll, diesel and electric driven, wheel mounted, pneumatic tires, 75 ton per hour (Eagle crusher model 5230B) FSN 3820-788-5999, component of crushing and screening plant, diesel and electric driven, wheel mounted, 75 ton per hour.

Includes index.

Operator's manual : crusher, jaw, diesel and electric driven; wheel mounted pneumatic tires; 75 ton per hour (Eagle crusher model 5157) FSN 3820-783-7311, component of crushing and screening plant; diesel and electric driven; wheel mounted; 75 ton per hour.

Includes index.

Organizational maintenance manual : crusher, roll: diesel and electric driven; wheel mounted, pneumatic tires; 75 ton per hour (Eagle crusher model 5230B), FSN 3820-788-5999; component of crushing and screening plant; diesel and electric driven; wheel mounted; 75 ton per hour.

Includes index.

Operator's manual for crusher, roll, diesel and electric driven, wheel mounted, pneumatic tires, 75 ton per hour, Eagle crusher model 5230B and 5230C (NSN 3820-00-788-5999), Eagle crusher model 5230D (NSN 3820-00-876-7876), component of crushing and screening plant, diesel and electric driven, wheel mounted, 75 ton per hour.

"September 1991."

Operator's manual for crusher, jaw, diesel and electric driven, wheel mounted, pneumatic tires, 75 ton per hour, Eagle crusher model 5157 and 5157A (NSN 3820-00-783-7311), Eagle crusher model 5157B (NSN 3820-00-880-0540), component of crushing and screening plant, diesel and electric driven, wheel mounted, 75 ton per hour.

"September 1991."

Direct support and general support maintenance repair parts and special tools lists (including depot maintenance repair parts and special tools lists) : crushing and screening plant, diesel engine driven, semitrailer MTD, 35 ton per hour capacity, Army model 2A-2A, NSN 3820-00-878-4285, Iowa Manufacturing Company model 2A-2A, primary unit, Army model 2A2PRIM ...

Includes index.

Organizational maintenance repair parts and special tools lists : crushing and screening plant, diesel engine driven, semitrailer MTD, 35 ton per hour capacity, Army model 2A-2A, NSN 3820-00-878-4285, Iowa Manufacturing Company model 2A-2A, primary unit, Army model 2A2PRIM, NSN 3820-00-851-6728, Iowa Manufacturing Company model 2A-2B and secondary unit Army model 2A2SEC ...

Includes index.

Direct support, general support, and depot maintenance manual : crusher, jaw, diesel engine driven, semitrailer mounted, 35 ton per hour capacity (Iowa Manufacturing Company model 2A-2A), FSN 3820-851-6728, component of crushing and screening plant, diesel engine driven, FSN 3820-878-4285.

"May 1968."

Direct support, general support, and depot maintenance manual : crusher, screening unit, diesel engine driven, semitrailer mounted, 35 ton per hour capacity (Iowa Manufacturing Company model 2A-2B), FSN 3820-938-7942, component of crushing and screening plant, diesel engine driven, FSN 3820-878-4285.

"June 1968."

Operator and organizational maintenance manual : crusher, jaw, diesel engine driven, semitrailer mounted, 35 ton per hour capacity (Iowa Manufacturing Company model 2A-2A), FSN 3820-851-6728, component of crushing and screening plant, diesel engine driven, FSN 3820-878-4285.

"September 1970."

Unit, direct support, and general support maintenance repair parts and special tools lists : crusher, roll, diesel and electric driven, wheel mounted, pneumatic tires, 75 ton per hour, NSN 3820-00-788-5999, Eagle crusher model 5230B, NSN 3820-00-876-7876, Eagle crusher model 5230D and model 5230D, component of crushing and screening plant ....

"September 1991."