A construção identitária de uma professora negra: buscando pistas para construir práticas pedagógicas antirracistas no cotidiano escolar

A dissertação em tela é fruto dos questionamentos sobre minha construção identitária como professora negra e dos embates vividos no cotidiano sobre as relações etnicorraciais e educação. Compreendo que a discussão sobre relações etnicorraciais no cotidiano escolar é fundamental na sociedade brasileira. Uma sociedade marcada historicamente por desigualdades e exclusões embasadas por mitos e teorias racialistas do século XIX (MUNANGA, 1999). Por muito tempo, essas teorias atestaram a inferioridade dos indivíduos negros e a primitividade de suas culturas, legitimando a situação de racismo e discriminação sofrida pelo povo negro brasileiro (RODRIGUES, 2006). Por compreender que a temática das relações etnicorraciais não tem sido, por vezes, contemplada no primeiro segmento do Ensino Fundamental (SOUZA; CROZO, 2006) é que tenho por objetivos centrais: refletir sobre meu processo de construção identitária e compreender melhor os limites e as possibilidades de minhas contribuições, como professora negra, para a construção da identidade etnicorracial de alunos/as do primeiro segmento do Ensino Fundamental em uma escola pública do município de São Gonçalo. Para tal discussão alicerçome em autores/as tais como: Jesus (2004), Gomes (2006) e Cunha Jr (2010). Assim, compreendo que a pesquisa possibilitoume refletir sobre a construção de minha identidade etnicorracial levandome a descoberta de um nós, de uma coletividade que propiciou a construção de algumas práticas pedagógicas que eu poderia reconhecer como micro açõesafirmativas, propostas que revelam tanto os desafios, quanto a fertilidade da construção de uma educação antirracista.

A noção da ruralidade e a construção identitária de agricultores em um meio citadino : o caso da Vila Nova e arredores-Porto Alegre/RS

Este trabalho aborda os efeitos que um maior contato entre dois mundos tidos como distintos, o mundo “rural” e o mundo “urbano”, podem acarretar sobre a noção da ruralidade e sobre as formas identitárias construídas pelos agricultores. A área estudada corresponde a um bairro do município de Porto Alegre, a Vila Nova, mais parte de um bairro vizinho a ele, o Campo Novo. Este local foi colonizado, no início do século passado, por muitas famílias descendentes de italianos, as quais desenvolveram várias atividades agrícolas, tais como o cultivo de uvas e pêssegos, a produção de cachaça e vinho, entre outras. Com o passar dos anos, a expansão física e demográfica da cidade de Porto Alegre trouxe uma série de mudanças nas características deste bairro. A imigração de famílias de outras etnias e a gradual ocupação por moradores nãoagricultores ocasionaram o fim da preponderância das propriedades agrícolas no local. Entretanto, apesar da atual classificação oficial urbana da área, é possível observar a noção da ruralidade ainda permeando várias das questões pertinentes aos agricultores. É a persistência da noção da ruralidade em muitas das representações feitas acerca dos agricultores do bairro e a presença desta noção em muitas das disputas em que os produtores agrícolas foram envolvidos que permitiram verificar como estes agentes elaboram e reelaboram suas identidades de forma estratégica. O realce feito pelos agricultores, ora em características identitárias “urbanas”, ora em “rurais”, ora em “locais”, conduziu à construção de uma identidade notadamente híbrida. É por esta razão que para a conservação de espaços agrícolas em meios citadinos, como os do caso estudado, deve-se levar em conta o fato de que o rural não pode ser visto simplesmente como sinônimo de atividade agrícola, pois são correlatos a ele processos pelos quais se dá a construção identitária dos agricultores.

Ouvindo o silêncio: a construção identitária por meio da prática do mergulho scuba como consumo hedônico

This work aims to explore the context and emotions related to the experience of scuba diving as hedonic consumption, as well as to understand in which conditions the benefit arising from the regular practice of this activity impact the identity construction of the practitioner. Through in-depth interviews, data were collected from scuba divers living in the city of Rio de Janeiro, during the months of January and February of 2008. In order to obtain the expected objectives, the chosen methodology of research was qualitative, with priority of the subject and the subjectivity, using an interpretative approach for the data analysis. The research results confirm some benefits of high-risk sports practice such as flow, self-evolution and communitas. Two additional benefits are presented: the condition of alterity of the ¿underwater world¿, which attributes extraordinany meaning to scuba diving and impacts identity construction, and the scuba ¿buddy¿ practice, that helps to build-up an overall sense of trust to the other. The work is concluded with some managerial recommendations aiming the development of scuba diving industry and related tourism. These above mentioned suggestions include a new industry positioning, integrated marketing communications with specific references to alterity and flow, market segmentation, the creation of gathering spaces and a gradation scale among practitioners.

Identidade e trabalho : análise da construção identitária dos operários porto-alegrenses (1896-1920)

A tese tem por objetivo analisar o processo de construção identitária dos operários porto-alegrenses no final do século XIX e primeiras décadas do século XX, no qual a interação das vivências pessoais e sociais é considerada de forma relacional, engajando-se, assim, em uma opção historiográfica na qual a análise das experiências constitutivas dos sujeitos sociais vêm ocupando um espaço cada vez maior. Parte-se de três hipóteses norteadoras: 1) A construção da identidade operária tem como um de seus fundamentos a busca de reconhecimento através do orgulho de sua capacidade produtiva. Isto implica que os operários se distingam tanto dos “exploradores capitalistas” e das “classes perigosas” quanto da imagem construída pelo discurso dominante, que os associa ao vício, à preguiça e à indisciplina sempre que eles ameaçam sair do controle e/ou reivindicam melhores condições de vida e trabalho; 2) As identidades sociais existem sempre em relação umas com as outras, influenciando-se mutuamente e contribuindo para que ocorram permanentes transformações identitárias. Optou-se, na tese – devido à importância percebida ao longo do trabalho com as fontes – por analisar as interfaces entre as identidades operária, étnicas e de gênero; 3) A identidade operária é construída não apenas a partir das peculiaridades do local e do contexto em que se encontram os trabalhadores, mas também da conjugação dessas peculiaridades com idéias, símbolos e características que aparecem em diversos lugares e circulavam em diferentes países, possibilitando aos operários manter contato com as múltiplas dimensões dessa realidade, auxiliando na formação de uma identidade coletiva que ultrapassa barreiras geográficas. No Primeiro Capítulo, foi analisado o processo de construção da identidade operária através das operações de reconhecimento dadas pela aproximação aos “iguais” e pela valorização do trabalho, transformado em emblema, bem como pela oposição aos “outros”, através tanto da denúncia dos “exploradores capitalistas”, quanto pela demonstração das diferenças em relação às “classes perigosas”. O Segundo Capítulo analisou as transformações identitárias motivadas pela convivência de novos contingentes populacionais que, chegados à cidade a partir da segunda metade do século XIX, trouxeram novas características étnicas e/ou nacionais, que foram redimensionadas e/ou transformadas a partir da convivência no mundo produtivo. Também se analisou as relações estabelecidas entre as características identitárias de gênero e operárias, ocasionadas pela crescente entrada do “elemento feminino” no mercado de trabalho da cidade. No Terceiro Capítulo buscou-se compreender as relações identitárias estabelecidas entre o movimento operário porto-alegrense com os de outras partes do Brasil e do exterior, observando, para isso, tanto a circulação de militantes locais em outras cidades do interior do Estado e do centro do país, quanto os textos de autores nacionais e estrangeiros, publicados nos jornais locais, bem como as influências de militantes que, vindos do centro do país, aqui residiram. Analisou-se ainda as comemorações do Primeiro de Maio, observando-se como sua memória e simbologia foram apropriadas e permitiram diferentes visões da data entre o operariado local, transformando-a tanto em momento de festa e confraternização, quanto em ritual de reconhecimento, distinção e luta.

Habitus, representações sociais e construção identitária dos professores de Maracanaú

In the last three decades, the subject of the teacher's social identity has been discussed under various theoretical focuses, not only in Brazil, but also beyond our borders. In this thesis, the theme is approached starting from the theoretical proposal that has been developed by Domingos Sobrinho (1994), which is strongly based in the epistemological approach between Pierre Bourdieu’s praxiology and the Theory of the Social Representations formulated by Serge Moscovici. It presupposes that this would make it easier to apprehend the process of construction of social identity of the investigated social group. The universe of the research is constituted by teachers of the fundamental teaching of the municipal district of Maracanaú, state of Ceará, that were active in class-room work there during at least three years, and were registered or had concluded the Course of Educational Formation promoted by UECE in that municipal district. Taking into account that the teacher's social identity is a process in permanent construction, resulting of their daily experiences and of the interferences originated from of the social context, the investigative tasks were implemented in two different stages, although they complement each other. Initially, with the objective of putting in evidence the genesis of the formation of that group’s habitus, an analysis of the family and school lives of eleven teachers who participated in the course was made, using as main sources of data: thematic memorials, semi-structured interviews and observations - inside and out of the class-room – during four school semesters. In the second stage a test of free association of words was applied to 426 teachers, seeking to apprehend the structure of the social representations of family and school – a methodological strategy considered necessary to enhance and identify certain outlines of the habitus in study, besides being in agreement with the theoretical model followed. It became evident from the results that the identity of Maracanaú’s teachers is molded and transformed into a multifaceted dynamic unit that shows successes and mistakes, certainties and doubts. For instance, besides an innovative speech seeking to reassure that teaching is a profession and not a simple vocation or mission, some discourse and attitudes are identified that point to the opposite direction, extolling the school as extension of the family, defending a parental relationship with the students, and looking at certain aspects of daily school life as “sacramental”. However, in the light of science such ambiguities and incoherences are inherent to common sense discourse, where the influences of the patterns and cultural references are present in the process of identity construction of the group, which was confirmed by the research of their social representations of family and school

O processo de invenção de si: um estudo sobre a construção identitária de pedagogas em formação

This work was developed in the course of Pedagogy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Aims to understand the process of identity construction of teachers and educators in initial training. We started from the idea that such process was made by a complex and interdependent movement, once it was an inventive phenomenon wrought by individuals who are authors and actors of the story of their "real life" (KAUFMANN). This identity is rooted in the trajectories and social biographical experiences (FERREIRA), relationships with the constructed and accumulated knowledge in this route (CHARLOT) and in the developing of a sense of cultural belonging institutionally constructed (Luckmann, Berger). Then, the training involves relationships with knowledge in several instances, considering the effects, in one hand, the historic-social production and, in another hand, from the positions of subject and their biographical itinerary, existential and formative. We used the methodology of the Comprehensive Interview (KAUFMANN; SILVA), associated with a network of theoretical references, empirical and very analytical and interpretive activity. She researcher also relied on the "sensitive listening" (BARBIER), empathic attitude of "listening / seeing" the subject, and the notion of "intellectual artisan" (MILLS). The individual interviews were supplemented by the Focus Group. The approach was multi-referential (ARDOINO; MACEDO), with the intertwining of different perspectives, allowing a more complex configuration and less reductionist. In the analysis and interpretation we located the starting point, genesis of identity whose dynamics is not rigidly determined, but localized in space-time that precedes entry into the initial training. It is the time of concerns, questions and reflections about what you want to be in the future professional life. In sequence, we saw the route, multifaceted process whose the direction is the increasing involvement of individuals with their training. This training is engendered by the relations with the curricular, extracurricular and discursive knowledge, as simultaneous dynamics of self training and socio training. The self training of the individuals, understanding the critical, ethic and authority reading of their own experiences, is also seen as an exercise of shared responsibility, it assumes that the relationship with others meanings and professor mediation. The socio training refers to the collective subject and turns to the historical production and diversified knowledge, and comprehension of the various training instances. Self training and socio training are both objects of negotiation, because they are provocative of new designs, and cultural and identity maps, mobilizing the senses towards new meanings of themselves and the professional reality. It is in this interdependence between what is historically produced and the experiences of the subjects, who we located the arrival, considering it as a radically incomplete process of the professional identity and the building itself.

Habitus, representações sociais e construção identitária dos profesores de Maracanaú

In the last three decades, the subject of the teacher's social identity has been discussed under various theoretical focuses, not only in Brazil, but also beyond our borders. In this thesis, the theme is approached starting from the theoretical proposal that has been developed by Domingos Sobrinho (1994), which is strongly based in the epistemological approach between Pierre Bourdieu s praxiology and the Theory of the Social Representations formulated by Serge Moscovici. It presupposes that this would make it easier to apprehend the process of construction of social identity of the investigated social group. The universe of the research is constituted by teachers of the fundamental teaching of the municipal district of Maracanaú, state of Ceará, that were active in class-room work there during at least three years, and were registered or had concluded the Course of Educational Formation promoted by UECE in that municipal district. Taking into account that the teacher's social identity is a process in permanent construction, resulting of their daily experiences and of the interferences originated from of the social context, the investigative tasks were implemented in two different stages, although they complement each other. Initially, with the objective of putting in evidence the genesis of the formation of that group s habitus, an analysis of the family and school lives of eleven teachers who participated in the course was made, using as main sources of data: thematic memorials, semi-structured interviews and observations - inside and out of the class-room during four school semesters. In the second stage a test of free association of words was applied to 426 teachers, seeking to apprehend the structure of the social representations of family and school a methodological strategy considered necessary to enhance and identify certain outlines of the habitus in study, besides being in agreement with the theoretical model followed. It became evident from the results that the identity of Maracanaú s teachers is molded and transformed into a multifaceted dynamic unit that shows successes and mistakes, certainties and doubts. For instance, besides an innovative speech seeking to reassure that teaching is a profession and not a simple vocation or mission, some discourse and attitudes are identified that point to the opposite direction, extolling the school as extension of the family, defending a parental relationship with the students, and looking at certain aspects of daily school life as sacramental . However, in the light of science such ambiguities and incoherences are inherent to common sense discourse, where the influences of the patterns and cultural references are present in the process of identity construction of the group, which was confirmed by the research of their social representations of family and school

O discurso dos tuiteiros: uma análise crítica da construção identitária coletiva e do empoderamento cidadão

Los cambios sociales y culturales que caracterizan el mundo contemporáneo sorprendieron estudiosos de todas las áreas. Los avances tecnológicos principalmente en el área de transmisión de informaciones revolucionaron las nociones de tiempo y espacio. Nuevos medios de comunicación, favorecidos principalmente por la llegada de Internet, abrieron espacios de expresión para ciudadanos deseosos de ser oídos. Aún coexistiendo con los medios de comunicación tradicionales, los nuevos espacios representan una oportunidad de libertad de expresión, de interacción sin mediaciones y de construcción de contenidos independientes. Movimientos sociales se organizan a través de estos nuevos medios de comunicación y desarrollan un activismo que comienza en forma virtual y se extiende a movilizaciones presenciales. Castells (2009) llama de auto comunicación de masas a ese proceso de producir y difundir informaciones que antes era propiedad exclusiva de los medios de comunicación tradicionales. Natal, fue escenario de la gestación y articulación virtual de un movimiento denominado Fora Micarla cuyo objetivo ha sido lograr el impeachment de la alcaldesa de la ciudad, Micarla de Souza. Aunque el objetivo principal no fue alcanzado, el movimiento formó parte de los procesos de cambio social que llevaron los ciudadanos al ciberactivismo. El Fora Micarla se constituye también como un cambio social en sí mismo al colaborar en la consolidación de la identidad colectiva de un grupo de jóvenes universitarios en busca de justicia social. El Twitter fue el principal canal de expresión del grupo y responsable por la rápida expansión de las movilizaciones. El Abordaje Sociológico y Comunicacional del Discurso (ASCD) ha aportado el marco teórico de referencia utilizado en esta investigación. La Comunicación para el Cambio Social (GUMUCIO, 2008) y la Sociología Aplicada al Cambio Social (SACO, 2006) así como los estudios del sujeto y de las identidades (BAJOIT, 2006) forman la base de la ASCD para un estudio más completo de las prácticas discursivas. Considerando que el objeto de estudio son las manifestaciones discursivas de los usuarios simpatizantes del Movimiento Fora Micarla , y que la ASCD es un brazo del Análisis Crítico del Discurso, se hace necesario un análisis lingüístico de los textos. La Gramática Sistémica Funcional, a través del Sistema de Evaluación desarrollado por Martin and White (2004), ofrece los recursos para evaluar las manifestaciones por medio de tuítes de los integrantes del movimiento. La representación de los actores sociales (VAN LEUWEEN, 1998) complementa el análisis discursivo crítico de la ASCD. El empoderamiento ciudadano se materializa por medio de los cambios conquistados a través de los nuevos medios

A presença da história antiga nos compêndios didáticos de história da Primeira República e a construção identitária nacional

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Práticas de subjetivação e construção identitária: o sujeito no entremeio da auto-ajuda e da ciência

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A construção identitária em um fórum de discussão: um estudo com alunos da EAD

The aim of this study is to highlight the cultural identities of Spanish undergraduate students from Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia – IFRN, in integration with Universidade Aberta do Brasil – UAB, in the distance modality, built from utterances produced by them in a forum discussion online. For this, we chose to analyze the thematic forum “Using fragments of the internet is an ethical act?” generated in the first semester of 2011, linked to the Reading and Writing course. The interest of this researcher to highlight the cultural identities of these subjects, in the Virtual Learning Environment, emerged from the contact with this reality, in which it was found that the statements constructed by students were rich in positions, meanings and interactions. By producing their speeches, such subjects nurture a reflection on how we can establish meaning in the interaction created in online teaching as well as on the construction of cultural identities of the subject within that virtual space. The way students participate in the discussion forum represents learning experiences that lead to the construction of cultural identities, which determine the trajectory of the subjects, which makes the identity an ongoing process. Our theoretical reference follows the interdisciplinary approach of Applied Linguistics and is based on the socio-historical model of language, with language construed as a social practice. This study also established an interface with cultural studies, as it uses the concept of cultural identity in postmodernity. Analysis of the utterances lead to plurality, with a multiplicity of identities, as evidenced from the positioning of the subjects, some focused on the agreement, others on the disagreement, or even on the boldness. It was found also in the investigative path that these identities can be constructed and reconstructed if they are immersed in another set of historically determined social practices.

Análise crítica da (des)(re)construção identitária em produções de narrativas de mulheres vítimas de violência de gênero

La violence a été utilisée comme un outil de maintenance du système patriarcal qui hante encore notre société. In séré et légitimé dans / par notre culture, le régime patriarcal considère la femme comme un être inférieur qui doit être subjugué et maîtrisé, y compris par la force. Cette recherche a pour d'étudier, dans les pratiques discursives et sociales, les process us de (dé) (re)construction de l’identité dans les productions de récits de femmes victimes de violence sexiste. Par conséquent, nous nous efforcerons de vérifier les études d'autres domaines tels que les études culturelles, la sociologie, le féminisme, en tre autres. De ce fait, nous croyons que ce mémoire se trouve dans les études de Linguistique Appliquée et dispose d'un point de vue interdisciplinaire (MOITA - LOPES, 2006), en plus des domaines énumérés, nous utiliserons l’analyse critique du discours, la sociologie pour le changement social et linguistique systémique fonctionnelle. Pour l'analyse autour de la posture interdisciplinaire en Linguistique Appliquée, on utilise la méthodologie qualitative/ interprétative (Magalhães, 2001). Afin d'examiner les r écits du «je» de femmes victimes de violence, nous nous sommes servie des récits exposés sur Internet, puisqu'ils sont du domaine public. Ainsi, nous avons étudié que les rapports trouvés sur l’outil « commentaire » présents dans les rapports du site G1, p lus spécifiquement, les rapports sur la violence de genre réalisés en 2014 dans deux villes du nord - est : Piauí et Rio Grande do Norte, et dans une déclaration faite dans le programme "Profession Reporter" en 2011. Pour asseoir notre recherche, comme une m éthode d'étude et de théorie sociale, nous utilisons l'Approche Sociologique Communicationnel du Discours, courant lié aux hypothèses de l’Analyse Critique du Discours (Pedrosa, 2012a). Les données montrent que les récits du «je» dans l'outil «commentaire» sont divisés en deux groupes principaux: les récits de renonciation et les récits de persistance. Nous réalisons également que les sujets se déplacent dans les sphères d'identité selon leurs contextes narratifs. La recherche nous a permis de déduire enco re qu'il y a une possibilité de changement social à partir de la narrativisation des tensions identitaires et la reconnaissance des inégalités dans les relations de pouvoir.

Querido diário: a construção identitária de alunos da EJA em diários pessoais

This study aims to present analyses of our research, documentary type, which investigates the construction of cultural identities of the Youth and Adults Education (Educação de Jovens e Adultos – EJA), level III, in a public school in the city of Natal/RN, through personal diaries produced in the school environment. In a qualitative-interpretive approach, we anchor our identity studies (BAUMAN, 2001, 2005, 2006; HALL, 1987, 1997, 2011, 2012) that bring us the idea that identities are built and rebuilt by social relations that we do. To this end, we start from a conception of language that does not require pre-conceptions because they are based on the utterance itself. Therefore, we have analyzed the utterances produced by these students from the perspective of Bakhtin Circle (BAKHTIN, 1988, 1993, 1998, 2002, 2010, 2012), which deals with the discursive construction emerging from intersubjective processes of verbal interaction, in a dialogical relationship of the self to the other, by the otherness and the heteroglossia. Moreover, our study is also guided by the guidance on speech genres (BAKHTIN, 2010) and personal journal (LEJEUNE, 2008; MACHADO, 1998, 2009). We join to Applied Linguistics (MOITA LOPES, 2006, 2009) because we believe that this research focuses on a social practice in which language plays a central role and seeks to demonstrate how the speeches of the subject students of EJA, in personal journals, are building tools not only of their identities, but also knowledge and social life of the position that this subject student takes. We conclude this work in a perception of cultural identities that are built by the subject students of EJA, because the results suggest that the identities of these students are fluidly constructed by the representation that the student makes of his or her school, of being student of EJA and how he or she is a student of this educational modality. Thus, through our work, we plan to present another look about the identity or identities of a student of EJA, pointing an insight of this subject.

Repórteres da escrita criativa: uma abordagem intercultural da escrita criativa enquanto promotora da leitura e da construção identitária

Trabalho de projeto apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Paula Frassinetti para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Educação Especialização em Animação da Leitura