Nymphal development of Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae) preying on larvae of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) fed with resistant and susceptible soybeans

Nymphal development of the predator Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) fed with a susceptible (UFV 16) or an insect resistant soybean genotype (IAC 17) and with larvae of the prey Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) reared on these genotypes, was evaluated. Survival and duration of each instar and of total nymphal stage, besides weight of nymphs at the beginning of each instar and of adults of P. nigrispinus soon after emergence, were also evaluated. Nymphal survival of this predator was similar with both genotypes (64.41% for the UFV 16 and 72.88% for the IAC 17). Duration of second and fourth instars for nymphs that originated females, of fourth instar for those that originated males, of the nymphal period for males (20.21 and 17.94 days) and females (19.76 and 18.19 days) was longer on the IAC 17 than on the UFV 16. Weight of third instar nymphs (3.12 mg and 2.42 mg) for those that originated males and of fifth instar (26.20 mg and 23.86 mg) for those that originated females and female weight after emergence (65.76 mg and 58.68 mg) was lower with the IAC 17 than with the UFV 16. Sex ratio of P. nigrispinus was not affected by the resistant soybean IAC 17.

Effect of gossypol on survival and reproduction of the zoophytophagous stinkbug Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas)

Effect of gossypol on survival and reproduction of the zoophytophagous stinkbug Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas). Gossypol is a sesquiterpene aldehyde found in cotton plants conferring resistance against herbivory. Although the effect of this sesquiterpenoid on insect pests of cotton is known, the interaction of this compound with zoophytophagous predators such as Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) has not been studied so far. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the purified gossypol on nymphs and adults of P. nigrispinus. Nymphs and adults of this predator were fed on Tenebrio molitor pupae and supplemented with solutions of gossypol at concentrations of 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20% (w/v) during the nymphal and adult stages or, only during the adult stage of P. nigrispinus. The nymphal stage of the predator was, on average, two days longer when suplemmented with gossypol. Emerged adults had lower fecundity and egg hatching, especially at the highest gossypol concentration (0.20%) ingested during the nymphal and adult stages. However, this predator was not affected when it ingested the compound only during the adult stage. P. nigrispinus can have delayed nymphal development and lower reproductive performance when ingesting the gossypol during the nymphal and adult stages, but only at higher concentrations of gossypol than that produced by cotton plants.

Developmental biology, polymorphism and ecological aspects of Stiretrus decemguttatus (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), an important predator of cassidine beetles

Developmental biology, polymorphism and ecological aspects of Stiretrus decemguttatus (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), an important predator of cassidine beetles. Stiretrus decemguttatus is an important predator of two species of cassidine beetles, Botanochara sedecimpustulata (Fabricius, 1781) and Zatrephina lineata (Fabricius, 1787) (Coleoptera, Cassidinae), on the Marajó Island, Brazil. It attacks individuals in all development stages, but preys preferentially on late-instar larvae. Its life cycle in the laboratory was 43.70 ± 1.09 days, with an egg incubation period of six days and duration from nymph and adult stages of 16.31 ± 0.11 and 22.10 ± 1.67 days, respectively. The duration of one generation (T) was 12.65 days and the intrinsic population growth rate (r) 0.25. These data reveal the adjustment of the life cycle of S. decemgutattus with those of the two preys, but suggest greater impact on Z. lineata. However, no preference over cassidine species was shown in the laboratory. Up to 17 different color patterns can be found in adults of S. decemguttatus, based on combinations of three basic sets of color markings. Some of them resemble the markings of chrysomelids associated with Ipomoea asarifolia (Convolvulaceae) and are possibly a mimetic ring. Three color patterns were identified in nymphs, none of which was associated with any specific adult color pattern.

Notes on distributions for Argentinean Pentatomidae (Heteroptera: Pentatomoidea), with new records in the country

ABSTRACTIn this contribution, we present new distributional records from Argentina of 63 pentatomid species; three genera (Caonabo, Cromata and Taurocerus) and 14 species (Marmessulus brasiliensis, Podisus crassimargo, Cromata ornata, Acledra haematopa, Caonabo pseudocylax, Dichelops avilapiresi, Euschistus cribarius, E. paranticus, Mormidea maculata, Rio indistinctus, Banasa lanceolata, B. nigrifrons, Pallantia macunaima, and Taurocerus edessoides) are reported for the first time from Argentina; also we provided 81 new province records of another 49 species.

Fitofagia de Podisus nigrispinus em algodoeiro e plantas daninhas

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de seis plantas daninhas e do algodoeiro no desenvolvimento, reprodução e sobrevivência do percevejo predador Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) sob escassez parcial de presas, alimentação em intervalos de três dias, e ausência total de presas. Com escassez parcial de presas, o desenvolvimento ninfal foi maior em Ricinus communis e menor em Bidens pilosa. Viabilidade dos ínstares, peso de fêmeas, período de pré-oviposição e fecundidade foram similares entre as plantas, porém o peso de machos e longevidade de fêmeas foram reduzidos em Desmodium tortuosum e R. communis, respectivamente. Com base nos parâmetros de tabela de vida foi estimada melhor performance do predador em Amaranthus hybridus, D. tortuosum e R. communis. Ninfas submetidas à escassez total de presas viveram mais em Ageratum conyzoides, B. pilosa, D. tortuosum e Euphorbia heterophylla; porém não viveram além do terceiro ínstar. A longevidade de fêmeas do predador foi favorecida pela presença de A. conyzoides em relação a Gossypium hirsutum, vivendo em média 15,7 e 29,8 dias, respectivamente. No entanto, a disponibilidade de plantas não foi suficiente para as fêmeas atingirem maturação sexual e produção de ovos, quando submetidas à escassez total de presas.

Seletividade de atrazine e nicosulfuron a Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

O milho tem sido cultivado em duas safras anuais no Brasil e consumido por humanos e animais. O uso de herbicidas no controle de plantas daninhas nessa cultura pode comprometer o ambiente em função dos efeitos sobre organismos não alvos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a seletividade de atrazine e nicosulfuron sobre o predador Podisus nigrispinus. Os tratamentos constaram da aplicação de atrazine, nicosulfuron e da mistura destes, em doses equivalentes à comercial, mais um tratamento controle à base de água. A solução com os herbicidas foi aspergida sobre ovos de dois dias de idade de P. nigrispinuse em cada um dos cinco estádios ninfais e fase adulta do inseto. A viabilidade dos ovos de P. nigrispinus diminuiu sob ação dos herbicidas, sem eles diferirem quanto ao tempo de eclosão. A sobrevivência de ninfas foi baixa sob ação dos herbicidas, sendo mais afetada negativamente sob ação da mistura destes. Para a aplicação em cada estádio, observou-se baixa sobrevivência de ninfas do primeiro ao terceiro estádio sob ação do herbicida atrazine, isolado ou em mistura, e até o segundo estádio para o nicosulfuron. Também ficou evidente em todos os demais estádios do inseto a menor seletividade à mistura dos herbicidas, em comparação ao efeito isolado. Conclui-se que ovos de P. nigrispinus são sensíveis aos herbicidas testados e que a aplicação na cultura do milho desses produtos poderá diminuir o controle biológico de pragas promovido por esse inseto.

Comparative biology and production costs of Podisus nigrispinus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) when fed different types of prey

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Developmental biology, polymorphism and ecological aspects of Stiretrus decemguttatus (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae), an important predator of cassidine beetles

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Effect of the insect growth regulator diflubenzuron on the predator Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) is a common natural predator of defoliating caterpillars in agricultural and forest systems. Insecticides acting as growth regulators of insect pests can indirectly affect their predators through consumption of contaminated prey. We examined the reproductive performance of P. nigrispinus fed on caterpillars of Anticarsia gemmatalis Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reared on soybean leaves exposed to the chitin synthesis inhibitor, diflubenzuron. Caterpillars of A. gemmatalis were fed for 12 h with treated soybean leaves and offered to adults of the predator P. nigrispinus over five consecutive days. The fertility of P. nigrispinus was reduced when feeding on diflubenzuron treated caterpillars, especially at the beginning of the reproductive period, but recovered 3 weeks later. The effects of diflubenzuron ingestion on the life table parameters of P. nigrispinus included an increase in the period taken to double the population size, and reductions in the intrinsic rate of population increase, generation duration, and net reproductive rate. Diflubenzuron therefore had an indirect negative effect on the reproduction and the population dynamics of the non-target predator P. nigrispinus. Clearly, its use in integrated pest management requires further evaluation.

Relationship between predation by Podisus nigrispinus and developmental phase and density of its prey, Plutella xylostella

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Interaction Between the Predator Podisus nigrispinus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and the Entomopathogenic Bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Comparison of eggs, larvae, and pupae of plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: Plutellidae) as prey for podisus nigrispinus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas, 1851) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): efeito do alimento e da temperatura de armazenamento de ovos no desenvolvimento do inseto

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Caracterização biológico-comportamental de Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas, 1851) predando Plutella xylostella (L., 1758)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Ação de Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner nas características biológicas de outrs inimigos naturais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)