941 resultados para agricultural modernization
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Mainstream discourse on the revolving around food security is often portrayed by macro level indicators on nutrition, consumption and food production. While these indicators may prove significant in addressing food security in the national and regional levels, it falls short in addressing it among the indigenous peoples’ (IP) communities in the Philippines. Reflecting through the experiences in agricultural production, indigenous knowledge and socio-political institutions are relevant factors that must be seriously considered when food security among IPs are concerned. It is argued that disregarding micro level interactions over macro development policies will not address the issue of food security among marginalized sectors. The paper presents policy recommendations in taking cultural systems seriously in addressing food security among indigenous peoples.
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The objective of this study was to provide a simple cryopreservation method for oocytes from Yunnan Yellow Cattle and facilitate preservation efforts in this native Chinese breed, which is threatened by agricultural modernization. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected from slaughterhouse ovaries and matured in vitro for 22-24 h, then selected for cryopreservation. Vitrification in open pulled straws (OPS) or in microdrops on a cooled metal surface (solid surface vitrification, SSV) was compared. The OPS vitrification solution consisted of 20% ethylene glycol (EG) and 20% DMSO. The SSV solution was a mixture of 35% EG, 5% polyvinyl-pyrrolidon (PVP) and 0.4 M trehalose. Vitrified and warmed oocytes were either fertilized in vitro or parthenogenetically activated. The rates of cleavage and development to blastocysts of fertilized oocytes following OPS versus SSV were not statistically different (38.3 and 12.5% versus 35.8 and 6.0%, respectively). The corresponding rates of parthenogenetic development to blastocysts were also not different (8.2 versus 3.5%, respectively). Development to blastocysts of non-vitrified controls following fertilization was significantly higher than that of the vitrified oocytes (22.6%, P < 0.05). These results demonstrate for the first time, that although both OPS and SSV procedures reduced embryonic development, Yunnan Yellow Cattle oocytes are capable of developing to blastocysts following cryopreservation. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
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中国是一个发展中国家 ,正在加速实现工业化、城市化及农业现代化。由于人们的生产活动和经济活动而对生态环境的破坏“助纣为虐” ,才使 1 998年的洪水造成的损失比以往更大 ,并进一步暴露出以城市为中心的环境污染和以农村为纽带的环境退化正破坏和延缓我国国民经济的发展。分析了洪灾之后中国经济发展中环境面临的主要问题和退化症结 ,根据 2 0 1 0年远景目标的要求 ,提出了“提高环保认识 ,开展生态建设 ,控制环境污染”的综合整治对策 ,为中国制定生态环境规划提供基本思路。
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Cada día es mayor la demanda de alimentos a nivel mundial y menor su oferta debido a múltiples razones, por eso que es de gran importancia encontrar las mejores prácticas para que la cadena de suministro de productos alimenticios sea más eficiente y productiva, no sólo con el fin de llegar a la mayor población posible, sino también de mejorar los rendimientos de cada uno de los participantes de la misma. Este proyecto busca analizar las tres principales cadenas agroalimentarias de Argentina y Brasil, con el fin de determinar su desempeño actual, su grado de madurez y su productividad; para lograr esto, primero se va a levantar la información pertinente al tema, luego se identificarán las mejores prácticas en la cadena de suministro para los tres productos más importantes de la canasta básica de ambos países, posteriormente se analizará el desempeño de las agrocadenas y por último se determinará la madurez y productividad de las mismas. La metodología utilizada en este documento se basa principalmente en la búsqueda de información en fuentes gubernamentales y oficiales de cada país para obtener información verídica, confiable y actualizada. Estas fuentes nos aportarán la información que junto con un análisis propio permitirá cumplir los objetivos del proyecto. El resultado de estos datos es de gran importancia, ya que con la investigación realizada se podrán identificar las buenas prácticas para enriquecer el análisis o identificar las malas prácticas y así, proponer modelos que permitan el manejo eficiente de las agrocadenas buscando su desarrollo y perdurabilidad.
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In recent decades the production of irrigated fruits destined to supply the foreign market reveals itself as an expression of the thriving agricultural modernization, consisting an important and dynamic segment of Brazilian agribusiness, especially in the Northeast. The Rio Grande do Norte contributes to this scenario through the production of several tropical fruit, especially melon production in the municipalities of Baraúna/RN and Mossoró/ RN. Accordingly, the overall goal of the study is to understand the agricultural use of the territory of Rio Grande do Norte by irrigated orcharding from the circuit productive space configuration of melon. The outlook presented in the work on the irrigated agriculture developed in Rio Grande do Norte reveals that it falls within an agricultural division of labor, through productive specialization of places that have natural and technical conditions favorable to the exploitation and reproduction of capitals. The land use caused by circuit productive space melon enables flows of tangible and intangible consolidate a extraverted network of production and consumption in order to meet the requirements of foreign markets
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT
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Includes bibliography.
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Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT
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O objetivo deste artigo é observar a dinâmica dos sistemas de uso agrícola por pequenos proprietários de terra ao nordeste do estado do Pará. No intuito de relacionar formas específicas de agricultura itinerante e de indústria extrativa na Amazônia com os processos endógenos de tomada de decisão econômica. Teve repercussão sobre a dinâmica destes sistemas e as políticas governamentais que a partir de 1970 voltaram-se para a modernização agrícola e a criação de lavouras permanentes, contribuindo para que fossem atingidas barreiras agroecológicos e agroeconômicas. Com base nessas novas dinâmicas, os pequenos empreendimentos familiares na Amazônia defrontam-se com ações públicas e privadas que fragilizam essa estabilidade.
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Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FCLAR
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O artigo procura compreender a relação entre o movimento sindical rural paulista e as formas de resistência e lutas dos bóias-frias em uma região privilegiada do ponto de vista de modernização agrícola. Apresenta subsídios para rebater as teses de que a proletarização rural processou-se linearmente sem confrontos e/ou tensões e de que São Paulo não tem tradição no circuito das lutas travadas no campo.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em História - FCLAS