Leaf area prediction models for Zinnia elegans Jacq., Zinnia haageana regel and 'profusion cherry'

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Effect of daminozide, paclobutrazol and chlormequat on development and quality of potted 'persian carpet' zinnia

In Brazil zinnias have good prospect for the flowering potted plant market, once consumers demand for new forms of products is stimulated by novelty. 'Persian Carpet' is a highly ornamental plant, with fast growth, minimal labor requirements and low cost seeds. The present study evaluated the effect of growth regulators on development and quality of 'Persian Carpet' grown as a potted plant. Growth regulators are commonly used to control growth and produce short and compact plants. Paclobutrazol (0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 mg a.i./pot) and chlormequat (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 g. L-1) were applied as a single drench, and daminozide (2.5, 3.75 and 5.0 g. L-1) as a single foliar spray to runoff. Regulators were applied at apical flower bud stage. Daminozide (5.0 g. L-1), paclobutrazol (0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 mg a.i./pot) and chlormequat (1.0 g. L-1) significantly reduced plant height and side branches length compared to the control. Plant height showed a negative linear response to the increasing concentration of daminozide or paclobutrazol. Paclobutrazol (1.0 mg a.i./pot) and chlormequat (1.0 g. L-1) increased foliage and flowers harvest index. Plant spread diameter and canopy shape were improved with paclobutrazol (0.75 mg a.i./pot). Chlormequat (2.0 and 3.0 g. L-1) caused phytotoxicity symptoms, turning plants unsuitable for commercialization. Studied regulators concentrations did not affect flower diameter and production cycle. Although regulators controlled height and side branches growth significantly, plants were not short and compact enough to attend market quality.

Phytoremediation assessment of Gomphrena globosa and Zinnia elegans grown in arsenic-contaminated hydroponic conditions as a safe and feasible alternative to be applied in arsenic-contaminated soils of the Bengal Delta

Several agricultural fields show high contents of arsenic because of irrigation with arsenic- contaminated groundwater. Vegetables accumulate arse- nic in their edible parts when grown in contaminated soils. Polluted vegetables are one of the main sources of arsenic in the food chain, especially for people living in rural arsenic endemic villages of India and Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of floriculture in the crop rotation system of arsenic en- demic areas of the Bengal Delta. The effects of different arsenic concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg As L−1) and types of flowering plant (Gomphrena globosa and Zinnia elegans) on plant growth and arsenic accumula- tion were studied under hydroponic conditions. Total arsenic was quantified using atomic absorption spec- trometer with hydride generation (HG-AAS). Arsenic was mainly accumulated in the roots (72 %), followed by leaves (12 %), stems (10 %), and flowers (<1 %). The flowering plants studied did not show as high phytoremediation capacities as other wild species, suchas ferns. However, they behaved as arsenic tolerant plants and grew and bloomed well, without showing any phytotoxic signs. This study proves that floriculture could be included within the crop rotation system in arsenic-contaminated agricultural soils, in order to im- prove food safety and also food security by increasing farmer’s revenue.

Detección de trypanosoma cruzi (Protozoa kinetoplastida) en triatominos (Reduvidae, insecta) por el ensayo inmunoabsorbente ligado a enzimas y amplificación de minicírculos del kADN [por] Zinnia Judith Molina Garza

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Biológicas con Especialidad en Entomología Médica) U.A.N.L.

Growth retardants on development and ornamental quality of potted 'Lilliput' Zinnia elegans Jacq.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Identificação e caracterização de um potyvírus isolado de Zinnia elegans

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a identificação e caracterização de um potyvírus isolado de Zinnia elegans, na Região Noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. O potyvírus foi transmitido por inoculação mecânica e apresentou uma gama restrita de hospedeiras sendo que as espécies mais afetadas pertencem à família Asteraceae. em SDS-PAGE, a massa molecular da proteína capsidial (CP) foi estimada em 33 kDa e, em Western-blot, reagiu com anti-soro para o Bidens mosaic virus (BiMV). Um fragmento de aproximadamente 820 pb foi amplificado por RT/PCR, clonado e seqüenciado. O fragmento, que inclui o gene da proteína capsidial, mostrou similaridade de aminoácidos do core da CP variando de 55% (Tobacco vein mottling virus, TVMV) a 95% (Sunflower chlorotic mottle virus, SuCMoV) e da CP completa de 55% (TVMV) a 91% (SuCMoV). Na região N-terminal, o potyvírus de Zinnia tem uma deleção de quatro aminoácidos (posições 9 a 12 após o sítio de clivagem entre a proteína NIb e a CP) quando comparada com a seqüência do SuCMoV. A análise filogenética agrupou o potyvírus de Zinnia e o SuCMoV em um mesmo ramo em 100% das réplicas, mostrando uma relação de parentesco muito próxima entre esses dois vírus. Os resultados obtidos no presente trabalho demonstraram que o potyvírus de Zinnia e o SuCMoV são estirpes do mesmo vírus. Sugere-se o nome Sunflower chlorotic mottle virus, isolado Zinnia (SuCMoV-Zi), ao potyvírus encontrado em Z. elegans no Brasil.

Benzyladenine sprays and senescent flowers removal on postproduction performance of Potted zinnia 'Profusion cherry'

'Profusion Cherry' is a dwarf zinnia with prospect for pot use in Brazil. The success of flowering potted plants depends on its performance during transport and on the period of time that it performs well indoors. Benzyladenine application may retard leaf and flower senescence, increasing postproduction longevity and quality. Senescent flowers removal by consumers, to give a fresh appearance to home flowering potted plant, could influence source-sink relationship and postproduction. This study evaluated the effect of benzyladenine and senescent flowers removal on postproduction performance of 'Profusion Cherry', and observed the senescence symptoms. When plants, produced in greenhouse at São Paulo State, Brazil, had 4 to 5 open flowers, they were sprayed to runoff a single time (20ml/pot) with benzyladenine (0.4, 0.6, 0.8 or 1.0 mmol) and placed into plastic trays, without sleeve. The experimental design was a randomized blocks with 6 treatments (control, four benzyladenine concentrations and senescent flowers removal), 4 replications (2 pots per experimental unit), totalising 12 potted plants in each plastic tray (block). To simulate highway transport, plants remained for 4 days in a dark chamber, at 20.0 °C without irrigation. To include vibration, each plastic tray, was placed in an incubator shaker for 3hr a day, at 60 rpm, 25°C and darkness. After simulated transport, plants remained indoors (10h.day-1 with 18 μmol.m-2.s-1 PPF, 21.5 to 27.0°C and, 14 h.day-1 at darkness, 18.5 to 24.0°C) during 21 days. Plants performed well during simulated transport, and also indoors for two weeks. For most of evaluated parameters there was not significant effect of benzyladenine concentrations by Tukey's test. Senescent flowers removal did not delayed senescence or improved plants quality. The symptoms associated with the loss of decorative life were ray florets color fading and wilting, without abscission of flowers or petals.

Zinnia elegans robusta grandiflora plenissima

anonym

Proteasome Inhibitors Prevent Tracheary Element Differentiation in Zinnia Mesophyll Cell Cultures1

To determine whether proteasome activity is required for tracheary element (TE) differentiation, the proteasome inhibitors clasto-lactacystin β-lactone and carbobenzoxy-leucinyl-leucinyl-leucinal (LLL) were used in a zinnia (Zinnia elegans) mesophyll cell culture system. The addition of proteasome inhibitors at the time of culture initiation prevented differentiation otherwise detectable at 96 h. Inhibition of the proteasome at 48 h, after cellular commitment to differentiation, did not alter the final percentage of TEs compared with controls. However, proteasome inhibition at 48 h delayed the differentiation process by approximately 24 h, as indicated by examination of both morphological markers and the expression of putative autolytic proteases. These results indicate that proteasome function is required both for induction of TE differentiation and for progression of the TE program in committed cells. Treatment at 48 h with LLL but not clasto-lactacystin β-lactone resulted in partial uncoupling of autolysis from differentiation. Results from gel analysis of protease activity suggested that the observed incomplete autolysis was due to the ability of LLL to inhibit TE cysteine proteases.

II Workshop en Modelización Farmacocinética y Farmacodinámica. Aplicación del NONMEM para el desarrollo e interpretación de modelos FC/FD

Sesión I: Modelos FC/FD: Desarrollo e implementación de modelos. Sesión de exposición teórica seguida de realización y evaluación práctica: - Introducción al análisis farmacocinético con NONMEM: construcción de una base de datos y archivos control (Carmen Navarro Fontestad, Universitat de València). - Introducción al análisis farmacocinético con NONMEM: exploración, evaluación y validación de resultados de los modelos (Víctor Mangas Sanjuán, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche). Sesión II: Implementación de modelos farmacodinámicos en la modelización farmacocinética/farmacodinámica. Sesión de exposición teórica seguida de realización y evaluación práctica: - Iniciación al modelado de la respuesta farmacológica a través de NONMEM (Zinnia Parra-Guillén, Iñaki F. Trocóniz, Mª Jesús Garrido, Universidad de Navarra). - Iniciación al modelado de la respuesta farmacológica a través de NONMEM. Sesión práctica (Zinnia Parra-Guillén, Iñaki F. Trocóniz, Mª Jesús Garrido, Universidad de Navarra). Sesión III: Modelos FC/FD: Aplicaciones prácticas: - Modelos FC/FD para describir el efecto de antitumorales en el tamaño del tumor en modelos xenograft (Carlos Fernández Teruel, PharmaMar). - Modelos FC/FD en antibioterapia. Aplicación en profilaxis quirúrgica y pacientes críticos sometidos a técnicas continuas de reemplazo renal (Arantxa Isla, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU). - Modelos FC/FD antihistamínicos. Caso práctico bilastina (Ignacio Ortega, FAES FARMA)

Clonación y caracterización molecular de las proteínas estructurales mayores (VP13, VP19, VP26 y VP28) del virus del síndrome de la mancha blanca (Whispovirus, Nimaviridae), patógeno de Litopenaeus spp. cultivado en granjas del Pacífico Mexicano

Tesis ( Doctor en Ciencias Biológicas Especialidad en Sanidad Acuicola) U.A.N.L.

Caracterização e ocorrência de bidens mosaic virus (bimv) em regiões produtoras de alface no Estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

2010 Home Demonstration Gardens

Themes for the 2010 Home Demonstration Garden Field Days were several newer cultivars of annual flowers (zinnia, four o’clocks, gazania, gaillardia, petunia, coleus, and vinca), a blooming quilt block, eggplant cultivars (including an inedible eggplant), and a compost trial.

Symplasmic Constriction and Ultrastructural Features of the Sieve Element/Companion Cell Complex in the Transport Phloem of Apoplasmically and Symplasmically Phloem-Loading Species1

The ultrastructural features of the sieve element/companion cell complexes were screened in the stem phloem of two symplasmically loading (squash, [Cucurbita maxima L.] and Lythrum salicaria L.) and two apoplasmically loading (broad bean [Vicia faba L.] and Zinnia elegans L.) species. The distinct ultrastructural differences between the companion cells in the collection phloem of symplasmically and apoplasmically phloem-loading species continue to exist in the transport phloem. Plasmodesmograms of the stem phloem showed a universal symplasmic constriction at the interface between the sieve element/companion cell complex and the phloem parenchyma cells. This contrasts with the huge variation in symplasmic continuity between companion cells and adjoining cells in the collection phloem of symplasmically and apoplasmically loading species. Further, the ultrastructure of the companion cells in the transport phloem faintly reflected the features of the companion cells in the loading zone of the transport phloem. The companion cells of squash contained numerous small vacuoles (or vesicles), and those of L. salicaria contained a limited number of vacuoles. The companion cells of broad bean and Z. elegans possessed small wall protrusions. Implications of the present findings for carbohydrate processing in intact plants are discussed.

A comparison of the bioactivity and phytochemical profile of three different cultivars of globe amaranth: red, white, and pink

The phytochemical profiles and bioactivities of red, white and pink globe amaranth (Gomphrena haageana K., Gomphrena globosa var. albiflora and Gomphrena sp., respectively), much less studied than the purple species (G. globosa L.), were compared. The chemical characterization of the samples included the analysis of macronutrients and individual profiles of sugars, organic acids, fatty acids, tocopherols, and phenolic compounds. Their bioactivity was evaluated by determining the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities; the absence of cytotoxicity was also determined. Red and pink samples showed the highest sugar content. Otherwise, the white sample gave the highest level of organic acids, and together with the pink one showed the highest tocopherol and PUFA levels. Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside was the major flavonol in white and pink samples, whereas a tetrahydroxy-methylenedioxyflavone was the major compound in the red variety, which revealed a different phenolic profile. The pink globe amaranth hydromethanolic extract revealed the highest antioxidant activity, followed by those of red and white samples. The anti-inflammatory activity was more relevant in red and pink varieties. None of the samples presented toxicity in liver cells. Overall, these samples can be used in bioactive formulations against inflammatory processes and in free radical production.