Viabilidade da aplicação do GPR para o mapeamento de camadas de bauxita laterítica e de goethita

O método eletromagnético GPR foi testado no mapeamento de camadas em depósitos de minérios, localizados em dois diferentes ambientes geológicos. Foram realizadas medidas com o intuito de mapear camadas que compõem depósitos de origem supergênica de bauxita laterítica e goethita. Os levantamentos para o mapeamento das camadas de bauxita foram realizados no município de Paragominas, no Pará. As medidas para o mapeamento das camadas de goethita foram realizadas no interior de uma fazenda particular, localizada entre os municípios de Xambioá e Vanderlândia, estado do Tocantins, próximo ao Cinturão Araguaia. O estudo teve como principal objetivo identificar os parâmetros profundidade e espessura das zonas mineralizadas, que podem auxiliar no trabalho de explotação dos minérios. Os resultados obtidos podem ser considerados bastante satisfatórios, pois o método apresentou boa resposta para os dois tipos de minérios investigados, tornando-se possível a caracterização das camadas e a verificação de suas profundidades e espessuras.

Physiological and symptomatic responses to cycling and walking in intermittent claudication

To shed light on the potential efficacy of cycling as a testing modality in the treatment of intermittent claudication (IC), this study compared physiological and symptomatic responses to graded walking and cycling tests in claudicants. Sixteen subjects with peripheral arterial disease (resting ankle: brachial index (ABI) < 0.9) and IC completed a maximal graded treadmill walking (T) and cycle (C) test after three familiarization tests on each mode. During each test, symptoms, oxygen uptake (VO2), minute ventilation (VE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and heart rate (HR) were measured, and for 10 min after each test the brachial and ankle systolic pressures were recorded. All but one subject experienced calf pain as the primary limiting symptom during T; whereas the symptoms were more varied during C and included thigh pain, calf pain and dyspnoea. Although maximal exercise time was significantly longer on C than T (690 +/- 67 vs. 495 +/- 57 s), peak VO2, peak VE and peak heart rate during C and T were not different; whereas peak RER was higher during C. These responses during C and T were also positively correlated (P < 0.05) with each other, with the exception of RER. The postexercise systolic pressures were also not different between C and T. However, the peak decline in ankle pressures from resting values after C and T were not correlated with each other. These data demonstrate that cycling and walking induce a similar level of metabolic and cardiovascular strain, but that the primary limiting symptoms and haemodynamic response in an individual's extremity, measured after exercise, can differ substantially between these two modes.