928 resultados para Vulnerabilidade à contaminação


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O principal objectivo desta dissertação é a aplicação de métodos empíricos para proceder à caracterização da vulnerabilidade à contaminação do Sistema Aquífero de Évora Montemor-Cuba, nomeadamente os índices DRASTIC, de Susceptibilidade (IS), GOD e o método EPPNA. A aplicação destes índices permitiu concluir que o Sistema Aquífero de Évora-Montemor-Cuba apresenta a maioria da sua área classificada com um índice de vulnerabilidade à contaminação baixo a moderadamente baixo, enquanto os aquíferos carbonatados apresentam grande parte da sua área classificada com um índice moderadamente alto a alto. O IS revelou-se uma ferramenta extremamente útil para ter uma visão espacial do território do ponto de vista da sua vulnerabilidade, quando associada aos usos do solo. No entanto, a complexidade dos sistemas naturais é sempre maior do que as simplificações necessárias para se poderem utilizar as ferramentas que permitem calcular estes índices, existindo permanentemente imprecisões associadas a estes cálculos. ABSTRACT: The aim of this Project is to apply different methods regarding the assessment of groundwater vulnerability to pollution in the Évora-Montemor-Cuba aquifer, namely the DRASTIC, IS, GOD and EPPNA. The greater area of the Évora-Montemor-Cuba aquifer has a vulnerability to pollution classified as low or moderate to low, while in the limestones aquifers the biggest area is classified as moderate to high or high. The IS index is a very useful tool to provide a spatial intuition of the territory, considering its vulnerability, when associated with the land use. However, the natural systems complexity is bigger than the necessary simplifications introduced in order to use these indexes, nevertheless there are permanent inaccuracies related to these results.

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O principal objectivo deste trabalho é a aplicação de métodos empíricos para proceder à caracterização da vulnerabilidade à contaminação do Sistema Aquífero de Évora-Montemor-Cuba, nomeadamente os índices DRASTIC e de Susceptibilidade (IS). A aplicação destes índices permitiu concluir que o Sistema Aquífero de Évora-Montemor-Cuba apresenta a maioria da sua área classificada com um índice de vulnerabilidade à contaminação baixo a moderadamente baixo, enquanto os aquíferos carbonatados apresentam grande parte da sua área classificada com um índice moderadamente alto a alto. O IS revelou-se uma ferramenta extremamente útil para ter uma visão espacial do território do ponto de vista da sua vulnerabilidade, quando associada aos usos do solo. No entanto, a complexidade dos sistemas naturais é sempre maior do que as simplificações necessárias para se poderem utilizar as ferramentas que permitem calcular estes índices, existindo permanentemente imprecisões associadas a estes cálculos.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Groundwater in the Rio Claro district is predominantly extracted from low productivity wells on the Itararé Aquifer, from depths greater than 150 m. These factors in conjunction with increasing demand for water supply have stimulated many industries to exploit the Rio Claro Aquifer, constituted by Cenozoic sediments of the Rio Claro Formation, where hydraulic properties are poorly known. For this reason, it is necessary to study the possible vulnerable to contamination punctual locations of the aquifer, in order to enable proper management of these groundwater reserves and to allow continuity of supply. Thus, this study aims to assess the vulnerability to groundwater on contamination Rio Claro Aquifer, punctually in Mandu mining site area, located in the District of Ajapi, Rio Claro - SP, the company which operates and sells industrial sand. The risk of groundwater contamination depends on the relationship between the hydrogeological characteristics of the aquifer layer (vulnerability to contamination) and the pollutant load. To evaluate the susceptibility to contamination it was applied the method GOD (FOSTER and HIRATA, 1987; FOSTER et. al., 2002) and, in addition, field and laboratory tests were performed to chacacterize the granulometry of the strata, hydraulic conductivity and some physical indices to make the evaluation more assertive and detailed. Punctual contamination vulnerability found in the aquifer Rio Claro, was moderate, which means that the aquifer is vulnerable to some contaminants, but when continuously discharged or leached. Thus, Mandu mining has a great role on preventing the emission of contaminants in the process of extraction and processing of sand... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS

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Hard‐rock watersheds commonly exhibit complex geological bedrock and morphological features. Hydromineral resources have relevant economic value for the thermal spas industry. The present study aims to develop a groundwater vulnerability approach in Caldas da Cavaca hydromineral system (Aguiar da Beira, Central Portugal) which has a thermal tradition that dates back to the late 19th century, and contribute to a better understanding of the hydrogeological conceptual site model. In this work different layers were overlaid, generating several thematic maps to arrive at an integrated framework of several key‐sectors in Caldas da Cavaca site. Thus, to accomplish a comprehensive analysis and conceptualization of the site, a multi‐technical approach was used, such as, field and laboratory techniques, where several data was collected, like geotectonics, hydrology and hydrogeology, hydrogeomorphology, hydrogeophysical and hydrogeomechanical zoning aiming the application of the so‐called DISCO method. All these techniques were successfully performed and a groundwater vulnerability to contamination assessment, based on GOD‐S, DRASTIC‐Fm, SINTACS, SI and DISCO indexes methodology, was delineated. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technology was on the basis to organise and integrate the geodatabases and to produce all the thematic maps. This multi‐technical approach highlights the importance of groundwater vulnerability to contamination mapping as a tool to support hydrogeological conceptualisation, contributing to better decision‐making of water resources management and sustainability.

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The city of Natal-RN is constructed on dune areas with wavy relives softly waved and green areas that help to keep a pleasant climate, amongst these is distinguished field Pirangi-Potengi the dune with the areas of San Vale and Lagoinha. These environments are being substituted gradual for property and other workmanships of engineering on behalf of the urban expansion. This study the elaboration of a geoambiental mapping of Field had as objective generality Pirangi-Potengi the Dune with emphasis the San Vale and Lagoinha in Natal-RN. The done mapping had as objective specific to elaborate a vegetation map, a map of registers in cadastre of ambient problems to dunes, a map of flooding susceptibility, a map of vulnerability to the underground water contamination and a map of use and occupation of the ground. Of the carried through analysis, the area in study reveals sufficiently degraded, remaining only few green areas and dunares, as well as, the vulnerable presence of areas of vulnerability in floods and areas the contamination of the water-bearing one. The gotten results allow to affirm that this type of mapping, is of great importance for analysis and evaluation of the environment of the city

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Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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O presente trabalho objetivou atualizar o mapeamento de vulnerabilidade de aquíferos do estado de Minas Gerais à contaminação por metais pesados. Para tal, utilizou-se uma modificação de um dos métodos mais utilizados mundialmente, o DRASTIC.