El uso diglósico del latín en los villancicos a San Pedro Nolasco de Sor Juana Inés la Cruz

En los villancicos a San Pedro Nolasco, Sor Juana combina una variante alta del latín de la época -el epígrafe (Mateo, 22, 20-21) de la dedicatoria a la Virgen- con una variante baja -los "latinajos" de un bachiller en la ensaladilla-. Tomando como marco teórico el modelo de Ferguson, se advierte que el factor determinante de esta diglosia es la oposición funcionalidad/disfuncionalidad de cada variante en su contexto respectivo. El examen de las connotaciones de esa oposición permite entender esta singular diglosia latina como manifestación de las tensiones entre cultura popular y cultura de élite, propias del villancico religioso.

El uso diglósico del latín en los villancicos a San Pedro Nolasco de Sor Juana Inés la Cruz

En los villancicos a San Pedro Nolasco, Sor Juana combina una variante alta del latín de la época -el epígrafe (Mateo, 22, 20-21) de la dedicatoria a la Virgen- con una variante baja -los "latinajos" de un bachiller en la ensaladilla-. Tomando como marco teórico el modelo de Ferguson, se advierte que el factor determinante de esta diglosia es la oposición funcionalidad/disfuncionalidad de cada variante en su contexto respectivo. El examen de las connotaciones de esa oposición permite entender esta singular diglosia latina como manifestación de las tensiones entre cultura popular y cultura de élite, propias del villancico religioso.

El uso diglósico del latín en los villancicos a San Pedro Nolasco de Sor Juana Inés la Cruz

En los villancicos a San Pedro Nolasco, Sor Juana combina una variante alta del latín de la época -el epígrafe (Mateo, 22, 20-21) de la dedicatoria a la Virgen- con una variante baja -los "latinajos" de un bachiller en la ensaladilla-. Tomando como marco teórico el modelo de Ferguson, se advierte que el factor determinante de esta diglosia es la oposición funcionalidad/disfuncionalidad de cada variante en su contexto respectivo. El examen de las connotaciones de esa oposición permite entender esta singular diglosia latina como manifestación de las tensiones entre cultura popular y cultura de élite, propias del villancico religioso.

Biology of Grapsus grapsus (LINNAEUS, 1758) (Brachyura, Grapsidae) in the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, Equatorial Atlantic Ocean

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Bryozoan biodiversity in Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, Brazil

Among the marine invertebrate groups recorded from oceanic islands, bryozoans stand out because they can live and reproduce in suboptimal habitats, which may enhance their dispersal capabilities. This study aimed to update the checklist of bryozoans known from the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago (ASPSP) and discusses their distribution. During the five expeditions conducted between 2007 and 2009, 22 species were found, of which 16 were new occurrences for the archipelago. The bryozoans were collected from different biotic (algae and invertebrates) and abiotic (rocks, rubble and wrecks) substrata. The bryozoan community in ASPSP includes: eight new and probably endemic species, five species that belong to widespread species complexes, three species known only from the Brazilian coast, two species reported from the Western Atlantic and one species recorded from oceanic islets in the Atlantic. Additionally, three species are widespread in tropical to subtropical waters. Margaretta buski can be highlighted as the most conspicuous and abundant species between 1045 m deep and acts as an "ecosystem engineer".

Chasse of Champagnat, side panel with Saint Peter

4 7/8 in.x 7 7/16 in.x 3 11/32 in.; copper, engraved and gilt; champlevé ename on wood core

The Martyrdom of Saint Peter, after Titian

Martino Rota; 1 ft. 3 25/32 in.x 10 45/64 in.; engraving

Biology of Grapsus grapsus (LINNAEUS, 1758) (Brachyura, Grapsidae) in the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, Equatorial Atlantic Ocean

Eleven expeditions were undertaken to the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago to study the reproductive biology of Grapsus grapsus, providing additional information on limb mutilation and carapace colour. MATURE software was used to estimate morphological maturity, while gonadal analyses were conducted to estimate physiological maturity. The puberty moult took place at larger size in males (51.4 mm of carapace length) than in females (33.8 mm), while physiological maturity occurred at a similar size in males (38.4 mm) and in females (33.4 mm). Above 50 mm, the proportion of red males increased in the population, indicating that functional maturity is also related to colour pattern. Small habitat and high local population density contributed to the high rate of cannibalism. The low diversity of food items, absence of predators of large crabs and high geographic isolation are the determinants of unique behavioural and biological characteristics observed in the G. grapsus population.