Influência do tamanho de partículas nas propriedades físico-químicas do cimento endodôntico CER

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo por espectroscopia micro-Raman dos mecanismos de separação de fase em vidros fosfatos de metais de transição

Glass-ceramics are prepared by controlled separation of crystal phases in glasses, leading to uniform and dense grain structures. On the other hand, chemical leaching of soluble crystal phases yields porous glass-ceramics with important applications. Here, glass/ceramic interfaces of niobo-, vanado- and titano-phosphate glasses were studied by micro-Raman spectroscopy, whose spatial resolution revealed the multiphase structures. Phase-separation mechanisms were also determined by this technique, revealing that interface composition remained unchanged as the crystallization front advanced for niobo- and vanadophosphate glasses (interface-controlled crystallization). For titanophosphate glasses, phase composition changed continuously with time up to the equilibrium composition, indicating a spinodal-type phase separation.

The Thrombin Receptor Antagonist for Clinical Event Reduction in Acute Coronary Syndrome (TRA.CER) trial: study design and rationale

Background The protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1), the main platelet receptor for thrombin, represents a novel target for treatment of arterial thrombosis, and SCH 530348 is an orally active, selective, competitive PAR-1 antagonist. We designed TRA.CER to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SCH 530348 compared with placebo in addition to standard of care in patients with non-ST-segment elevation (NSTE) acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and high-risk features. Trial design TRA.CER is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter, phase III trial with an original estimated sample size of 10,000 subjects. Our primary objective is to demonstrate that SCH 530348 in addition to standard of care will reduce the incidence of the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, recurrent ischemia with rehospitalization, and urgent coronary revascularization compared with standard of care alone. Our key secondary objective is to determine whether SCH 530348 will reduce the composite of cardiovascular death, MI, or stroke compared with standard of care alone. Secondary objectives related to safety are the composite of moderate and severe GUSTO bleeding and clinically significant TIMI bleeding. The trial will continue until a predetermined minimum number of centrally adjudicated primary and key secondary end point events have occurred and all subjects have participated in the study for at least I year. The TRA.CER trial is part of the large phase III SCH 530348 development program that includes a concomitant evaluation in secondary prevention. Conclusion TRA.CER will define efficacy and safety of the novel platelet PAR-1 inhibitor SCH 530348 in the treatment of high-risk patients with NSTE ACS in the setting of current treatment strategies. (Am Heart J 2009; 158:327-34.)

Real fábrica de vidros de Coina – Chemical analysis of archaeological glass fragments

Actas do 17º Congresso da Associação Internacional para a História do Vidro

Estudo do efeito da adição de iões metálicos na corrosão de vidros potássicos

Dissertação apresentada para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Conservação e Restauro, especialidade em Ciências da Conservação, pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia

Vulvovaginites em gestantes atendidas em Centros de Saúde do Município do Sobral-Cerá, Brasil

Neste trabalho pretendeu-se identificar a prevalência das alterações de flora vaginal em gestantes, sua associação à sintomatologia referida, factores de risco e associação com a estratégia TREVO. É um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal, desenvolvido no serviço público de atenção básica de Sobral, Ceará, no ano 2011, em 214 gestantes, amostradas de forma estratificada por unidade de saúde. Realizou-se uma entrevista com formulário estruturado, e foram coletados os resultados das análises nos prontuários. A prevalência de flora vaginal alterada foi de 50,9%, sendo as mais frequentes: vaginose bacteriana (36,4%), candidíase vaginal (13,6%) e trichomoníase vaginal (0,93%). Os dados apontam elevada prevalência das alterações de flora vaginal, com os fatores de risco como baixas condições socioeconómicas, idade, escolaridade e com pouca associação à sintomatologia, ainda que a sintomatologia referida não se associou ou se associou de forma inesperada a essas alterações, o que pode ser explicado pela subjetividade inerente à percepção de sinais e sintomas. Considerando-se as repercussões maternas e perinatais indesejáveis e a prática laboratorial exequível, sugere-se promover ações em todos os níveis de atenção, especialmente na atenção básica, no que diz respeito a estratégias de prevenção e controle da trichomoníase, que é uma IST, assim como também informações sobre fatores de risco e auto-cuidado no programa saúde da mulher.

Estudo de uma coleção de vidros arqueológicos dos séculos XVII e XVIII do Mosteiro de Santa Maria da Vitória

Durante uma intervenção arqueológica numa conduta do Mosteiro de Santa Maria da Vitória na Batalha, foram encontrados diversos objetos de vidro e cerâmica dos quais foram escolhidos setenta e oito fragmentos de vidro datados dos séculos XVII- XVIII, com o objetivo de serem estudados e caracterizados na sua composição e a possível união dos fragmentos para a determinação das formas dos objetos, o que não se mostrou possível. Para a caracterização recorreu-se às técnicas de espetrometria de microfluorescência de raios X dispersiva de energias (μ-EDXRF) e espetroscopia de absorção UV‐Vis. A maioria dos vidros são silicatados sodo‐cálcicos, à exceção de dezasseis que são alcalinos mistos e um plúmbico. Identificaram-se dois cromóforos responsáveis pela cor azul, cobalto (encontrado apenas num objeto) e o conjunto cobre/ferro nos vidros azul-turquesa. Da coleção faz ainda parte um objeto com decoração vermelha opaca obtida com um pigmento de cobre. Os vidros com coloração natural (amarelo e verde) devem as suas tonalidades à presença de ferro. Realizou‐se a comparação das composições obtidas, formas e decorações com as coleções do Mosteiro de São João de Tarouca, com dois casos particulares do Mosteiro de Santa Clara-a-Velha, com um caso da Real Fábrica de Vidros Cristalinos de Coina e Real Fábrica da Marinha Grande e ainda com as composições publicadas de vidros venezianos e façon-de‐Venise. Esta comparação permitiu realçar semelhanças e diferenças a nível de composição e formal, entre as diferentes coleções.

An eceriferum locus, cer-zv, is associated with a defect in cutin responsible for water retention in barley (Hordeum vulgare) leaves.

Drought limits plant growth and threatens crop productivity. A barley (Hordeum vulgare) ethylene imine-induced monogenic recessive mutant cer-zv, which is sensitive to drought, was characterized and genetically mapped in the present study. Detached leaves of cer-zv lost 34.2 % of their initial weight after 1 h of dehydration. The transpiration was much higher in cer-zv leaves than in wild-type leaves under both light and dark conditions. The stomata of cer-zv leaves functioned normally, but the cuticle of cer-zv leaves showed increased permeability to ethanol and toluidine blue dye. There was a 50-90 % reduction in four major cutin monomers, but no reduction in wax loads was found in the cer-zv mutant as compared with the wild type. Two F(2) mapping populations were established by the crosses of 23-19 × cer-zv and cer-zv × OUH602. More polymorphisms were found in EST sequences between cer-zv and OUH602 than between cer-zv and 23-19. cer-zv was located in a pericentromeric region on chromosome 4H in a 10.8 cM interval in the 23-19 × cer-zv map based on 186 gametes tested and a 1.7 cM interval in the cer-zv × OUH602 map based on 176 gametes tested. It co-segregated with EST marker AK251484 in both maps. The results indicated that the cer-zv mutant is defective in cutin, which might be responsible for the increased transpiration rate and drought sensitivity, and that the F(2) of cer-zv × OUH602 might better facilitate high resolution mapping of cer-zv.

Characterization and genetic mapping of eceriferum-ym (cer-ym), a cutin deficient barley mutant with impaired leaf water retention capacity.

The cuticle covers the aerial parts of land plants, where it serves many important functions, including water retention. Here, a recessive cuticle mutant, eceriferum-ym (cer-ym), of Hordeum vulgare L. (barley) showed abnormally glossy spikes, sheaths, and leaves. The cer-ym mutant plant detached from its root system was hypersensitive to desiccation treatment compared with wild type plants, and detached leaves of mutant lost 41.8% of their initial weight after 1 h of dehydration under laboratory conditions, while that of the wild type plants lost only 7.1%. Stomata function was not affected by the mutation, but the mutant leaves showed increased cuticular permeability to water, suggesting a defective leaf cuticle, which was confirmed by toluidine blue staining. The mutant leaves showed a substantial reduction in the amounts of the major cutin monomers and a slight increase in the main wax component, suggesting that the enhanced cuticle permeability was a consequence of cutin deficiency. cer-ym was mapped within a 0.8 cM interval between EST marker AK370363 and AK251484, a pericentromeric region on chromosome 4H. The results indicate that the desiccation sensitivity of cer-ym is caused by a defect in leaf cutin, and that cer-ym is located in a chromosome 4H pericentromeric region.

Geração e controle das cores luz primárias em vidros para dispositivos "full color"

We are working in a new multi-doped glassy material to generate simultaneously the three primary light color (by addition) of the visible spectrum, with the control of the intensity of each one, allowing the simulation of any color: a full-color generator device. Tm+3, Tb+3 and Eu+3 ions were used (0.01 to 5,0 mol%) as blue, green and red narrow line emitters. A wide color gamut was obtained under ultraviolet excitation by varying the material composition. The chromaticity diagram is covered, including the white simulation.

Vidros recobertos com camadas delgadas transparentes de SnO2

SnO2 thin layers, prepared from aqueous colloidal suspensions by the sol-gel process, have been dip-coated on commercial borosilicate glasses. The effect of the conditions of deposition on the optical and structural characteristics of the thin layers was analysed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, x-ray reflectometry and electron scanning microscopy. Layers prepared with withdrawal speed in between 0.1 and 10cm/min show thickness smaller than 90nm, roughness of the order of 2nm and transmittance higher than 80%, resulting in good optical quality samples. The roughness increases from 2 to 11nm as the withdrawal speed increases from 10 to 80cm/min, what seems to be associated to the enlargement of the layers thickness (> 90nm). The measurements of mass loss, done after etching with fluoridric acid show that the coated samples are more corrosion resistant than the uncoated borosilicate glass.

Estudo das propriedades ópticas em vidros 0,3La2S3-0,7Ga2S 3

In this work we describe the synthesis and characterization of chalcogenide glass (0.3La2S3-0.7Ga2S 3) with low phonons frequencies. Several properties were measured like Sellmeier parameters, linear refractive index dispersion and material dispersion. Samples with the composition above were doped with Dy2S3. The absorption and emission characteristics were measured by electronic spectroscopy and fluorescence spectrum respectively. Raman and infrared spectroscopy shows that these glasses present low phonons frequencies and strucuture composed by GaS4 tetrahedrals. The Lines model was used for calculate the coefficients values of the non linear refractive index.

Espectroscopia óptica de vidros fluoroindatos dopados com íons Er3+ e Yb3+

Optical spectroscopy in the 400-1700nm wavelength range was performed on rare earth doped heavy metal fluoride (HMF) glasses. In the present work In-based fluoride glasses with a fixed 2 mol % YbF3 concentration and an ErF3 content ranging from 0 to 8 mol % were investigated. According to the experimental spectroscopic data a dependence in the absorption coefficient, the photoluminescence intensity and in the radiative lifetime could be verified as a function of the ErF3 content. In addition, at liquid nitrogen temperature, light emission corresponding to indirect transitions in the infrared energy range could be easily observed as a consequence of the low phonon frequency characteristic of this class of fluoride glasses. For all the studied compositions, strong upconversion to the green and red light was observed by pumping these Er3+- and Yb3+-doped HMF glasses with 790 and 980nm photon sources.

Estudo espectroscópico de vidros a base de aluminato de cálcio contendo Nd3+

Multicomponent ( Al2O3, CaO, SiO2, MgO) calcium aluminate-based glasses containing Nd3+ were prepared in order to evaluate their possibilities as laser host materials. The refractive index, UV-visible-near IR absorption spectrum, IR and visible luminescence spectra, and fluorescence decay time were measured. Judd-Ofelt model was used to obtain experimental intensity parameters ( omega2, omega4 and omega6), emission cross-section, radiative lifetimes, emission branching ratios and quantum efficiency.

Estudo por espectroscopia micro-Raman dos mecanismos de separação de fase em vidros fosfatos de metais de transição

Glass-ceramics are prepared by controlled separation of crystal phases in glasses, leading to uniform and dense grain structures. On the other hand, chemical leaching of soluble crystal phases yields porous glass-ceramics with important applications. Here, glass/ceramic interfaces of niobo-, vanado- and titano-phosphate glasses were studied by micro-Raman spectroscopy, whose spatial resolution revealed the multiphase structures. Phase-separation mechanisms were also determined by this technique, revealing that interface composition remained unchanged as the crystallization front advanced for niobo- and vanadophosphate glasses (interface-controlled crystallization). For titanophosphate glasses, phase composition changed continuously with time up to the equilibrium composition, indicating a spinodal-type phase separation.